instructional design, training psychology, cybernetics, cybernetic psychology, task analysis, system analysis

1. AMAR JYOTI
ASST. PROF. (B.ED.)
S.M.P. GOVT. GIRLS P.G. COLLEGE, MEERUT

2. APPROACHES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
DESIGN
 Instructional design focuses on teaching environment,
working tools of task, needs and psychology of learner
and new approaches.
 1. TRAINING PSYCHOLOGY
 2. CYBERNETICS PSYCHOLOGY
 3.SYSTEM ANALYSIS

3. TRAINING PYSCHOLOGY
 It emphasises the whole training task should be divided in
to three parts-
 1. Preparing outline of the task
 2. Task analysis
 3. Sequencing the elements of task
 Implications-Teaching and Programmed instructions

4. Cybernetics
Cybernetics is basically a branch of science concerned
with control systems and dynamic feedback in
electronic and mechanical devices.

5. Cybernetic Psychology
 Cybernetic psychology considered human being as a
machine.
 Feedback is important for changing and control the
behaviour of an individual.
 Assumption – every human being uses the process of
cybernetics through his sense of control for modifying
the behaviour. (self regulation)

6. Important elements
 Dynamic feedback
 Self Regulation
 Self Control
 Self motivation
 Self learning
 Implications : Individual teaching and learning,
Programmed Instruction

7. System Analysis
 A system analysis is a sum total of parts working
independently and working together to achieve the
required result or outcomes based needs.
I/P ......PROCESS..........O/P
ASSUMPTION: Each behaviour of human being acts as
a part of an organised system.
Implications: Management and Administration.

8. INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
Points Training
Psychology
Cybernetic
Psychology
System
Analysis
Focus TASK ANALYSIS DYNAMIC
FEEDBACK
SELF REGULATION
SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT
Function INPUT PROCESS O/P
Implications TEACHING,
P.I.
INSTRUCTION,
P.I.
Management
Administration