The functional or requirement specifications help define what QA engineers consider acceptable while running functional tests. These specifications are a document that tells the QA engineers what actions they must take to determine the conformance of the software system. This document can also ask them to run tests on specific business side scenarios for an overall system picture. Hence, we understand that QA engineers can carry out functional testing in two ways: - Requirements-based functional testing: This method contains instructions on validating the software system's functional aspects. - Business scenarios-based functional testing: This method contains instructions on validating the software system based on business scenarios. Functional testing is software testing that ensures a software system works according to its given specifications. This test's primary goal is to test the functional aspects of the application's software by providing the input and verifying the output based on requirements. This test does not concern itself with the application's source code and mainly involves black box testing. It checks the APIs, security, client/server communication, database, UI, and other application functionalities. Testers can run functional tests either by using automation or manually. What do you test in Functional Testing? Testers primarily run functional testing to check the software system's functionalities. The areas this testing concentrates on are: - Accessibility: Runs accessibility checks on the system to see if it meets accessibility requirements. - Error Conditions: Whenever there is an error, the system usually provides a valuable error message. This test validates that your system works well and provides the appropriate error messages to debug. - Mainline functions: The system has no value if its main functions do not work well. This testing runs to ensure this does not happen.‍ - Basic Usability: The test runs a usability test to ensure that users navigating your system can do so seamlessly. The Different Functional Testing Types - Unit Testing - Smoke Tests - Sanity Tests - Regression Tests - Integration Tests - Usability Testing Functional testing generally follows the steps mentioned below: - Determine which aspect of the software system the testers need to test. These aspects or functionalities can vary from error conditions, product usability, messages, or central functions. - Create input data according to specific requirements for the functionalities that need testing. - Based on the outlined requirements, determine which output parameters are acceptable and which ones are not. - Execute test cases. - Finally, compare the expected output with the actual result you receive from the test. Tracking this will reveal if your software system works well.

1. A Complete Guide to Functional Testing
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

2. Introducing Functional Testing
Functional testing addresses particular aspect of the user experience,
accessibility, and performance, so when your users receive the app's
final version, they can be sure that it works seamlessly. Functional
Testing is an essential aspect of application development and helps
ensure the app that you are building is stable and works well
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

3. Requirements-based - This method contains instructions on
validating the software system's functional aspects
What is Functional Testing?
The functional or requirement specifications help define what QA engineers
consider acceptable while running functional tests. These specifications
are a document that tells the QA engineers what actions they must take to
determine the conformance of the software system
QA engineers can carry out functional testing in
two ways:
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved
Business scenarios-based - This method contains instructions
on validating the software system based on business scenarios.

4. What do you test in Functional Testing?
Testers primarily run functional testing to check the software system's
functionalities. The areas this testing concentrates on are:
Accessibility
Error Conditions
Mainline functions
Basic Usability
Runs accessibility checks on the system to see if it meets accessibility
requirements.
This test validates that your system works well and provides the
appropriate error messages to debug.
The system has no value if its main functions do not work well. This testing
runs to ensure this does not happen.
The test runs a usability test to ensure that users navigating your system
can do so seamlessly.
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

5. WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT
FUNCTIONAL TESTING
TYPES?
Unit Testing Regression Tests
Sanity Tests Usability Testing
Smoke Tests Integration Tests
1
2
3
4
5
6
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

6. Process Workflow for Functional Testing
Functional testing generally follows the steps mentioned below:
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved
➢Determine which aspect of the software system the testers need to test.
➢Create input data according to specific requirements for the functionalities
that need testing.
➢Based on the outlined requirements, determine which output parameters are
acceptable and which ones are not
➢Execute test cases
➢Compare the expected output with the actual result you receive from the test.

7. Functional Testing Techniques
1 System Tests
Equivalence test
Boundary Value Tests
Decision-based tests
Ad-hoc Tests
2
3
4
5
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

8. Advantages of Functional Testing
• This test reproduces the product in a live environment, and its focus is on the operating
system, browsers, system specifications, and more.
• It does not work on hypotheticals and deals directly with the system's structure.
• Organizations can deliver high-quality products through this testing methodology. It enables
them to meet customer requirements and ensure customer satisfaction.
• This test helps organizations deliver a bug-free product and one that meets all the
customer's requirements.
• Risk-based testing ensures a decrease in the chances of risk.
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

9. AUTOMATION AFFECTS THE TESTING
PROCESS
The HeadSpin platform provides actionable
insights that your developers can use to their
benefit.
AUTOMATION STICKS TO THE
TIMELINE:
With automation meeting its timelines,
developers can organize more tests
AUTOMATION LETS YOU ADD
SEVERAL TEST CASES:
Organizations can identify their needs
and accordingly increase the test cases.
AUTOMATION HELPS IMPROVE APP
QUALITY:
The more often you run tests, the better
the quality of your final product
Why Automate Functional Testing?
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

10. The HeadSpin Platform allows you to connect to real devices from around the world. You can run multiple tests
in tandem. It integrates seamlessly with your CI/CD workflows, enabling functional testing both pre and post-
release.
Our machine learning provides detailed insights, automatically highlighting issues and pointing out the
underlying root cause; this enables developers to get straight to the problem and fix it, thus significantly
improving time to market.
Conclusion
© 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved

11. © 2022 HeadSpin. All Rights Reserved
Check out our other Interesting PPT
Why is End-to-End Testing Crucial for Banking
Apps?
Thank you!
Reference blog :
https://www.he
adspin.io/blog/a
-complete-
guide-to-
functional-
testing