1. EVALUATION STUDY FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF LIGHTWEIGHT BUILDING SYSTEMS
BASED ON THE THEORIES OF VALUE ENGINEERING
القيمة هندسة لنظريات ًاإستناد الوزن خفيفة البناء أنظمة لألداء تقييمية دراسة
Supervision of
Prof.Dr. Hisham Sameh
Dr. Sherif Nasri Kamel
Ali Bassiouny Darwish 1
2. 2
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
Research Idea
During the last couple of years, the obstacles of the traditional methods of
construction have tremendously increased along with the development of the
construction demand. Eighty percent of the total buildings in the developed
countries have been produced in the construction factories, comparing with
twenty percent of buildings that constructed on-site. Weight, quality, speed and
construction cost become the major factors that affect in the architectural and civil
decisions.#Ref13
On the other hand, the construction industry becomes one of the main influencers
of the international economics, therefore the reduction of construction cost and
energy cost are considered as main targets that attacking the decision makers.
Hence, the idea of research has been created, in order to present a solution for
architects who target the maximum performance of the lightweight building
solutions with a reasonable level of cost. The practical studies of research
presented the benefits behind using the Value Engineering theories throughout the
construction phases.
3. Research Backbone
3
EVALUATION STUDY FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF LIGHTWEIGHT BUILDING SYSTEMS
BASED ON THE THEORIES OF VALUE ENGINEERING
MetalSheetSystems
Research Backbone
1-
Definitions &
Historical
Development
HistoricalDevelopment
GeneralDefinitions
Custom-madeWalls
DrywallSystems
Classifications
2.
Types and Classifications of Prefabricated
Lightweight Building Systems.ModularBuildings
PrecastWalls
LiteratureReviewof
ValueEngineering.
Theoretical Parts
Casestudy1:KidZania.
CairoFestivalCity,Cairo-
Egypt
Casestudy2:Private
Villa,Cairo-Egypt
Casestudy3:Seasonal
FlightsTerminal.Cairo-
Egypt
Casestudy4Elkhoms
Resort-Lybia
TargetofCaseStudies
PolystyreneBuildings
5-
Conclusion
and
Recommend
ations
Conclusion
Recommendation
Practical Parts
4.
Analysis and Evaluation of Case
Studies
3.
Methodology
of
Case Studies
IdentificationsofCase
Studie
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
4. Classification of Building Construction System based on Weight criteria.
4
Prefabricated Lightweight Systems
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
5. Drywall is a panel made of gypsum plaster pressed between two thick
sheets of paper. It is used to make interior walls and ceilings. Drywall
construction became prevalent as a speedier alternative to traditional lath
and plaster. A wallboard panel is made of a paper liner wrapped around an
inner core made primarily from gypsum board.
1-Drywall
Solutions
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 25 to 40 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 40% Off-site and 60% On-site preparation.
Using Types 10% Exterior Systems and 90% for internal.
Residential Using 20% in the residential buildings and 80% for non-residential
Walls Ceilings Cladding Shaft-walls
5
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
6. Custom-made Walls lies a system of lightweight building cold-
rolled light steel frames. Called Transformer, it is unique in design
and high in strength. Custom-made Walls offers a comprehensive end
to end consultancy, manufacture and supply , covering all aspects of
the design and construction process.
2- Custom-made
Walls
Solutions
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 30 to 50 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 80% Off-site and 20% On-site preparation.
Using Types 80% Exterior Systems and 20% for internal.
Residential Using 100% for non-residential.
Production Processes
6
Facad Module Final Facad
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
7. The Polystyrene Walls building system consists of two types of wall
panels. The first type is the single panel, which consists of a
polystyrene core with prefabricated Zinc coated steel wire mesh
reinforcement. The second type of panel is the double panel which is
Polystyrene permanent shutter for an inside poured structural
concrete core.
3- Polystyrene
Walls
Solutions
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 33 to 50 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 60% Off-site and 40% On-site preparation.
Using Types 80% Exterior Systems and 20% for internal.
Residential Using 80% in the residential buildings and 20% for non-
residential
Wall Elements Housing Open Space Areas
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
8. Metal Sheet Wall” is a broad term that encompasses several different
types of building. Technically, any home that has sections of the
structure built in a factory and then assembled on site can fall under
the “prefab” designation.
4-Metal Sheet
Walls
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 35 to 50 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 70% Off-site and 30% On-site preparation.
Using Types 70% Exterior Systems and 30% for internal.
Residential Using 20% in the residential buildings and 80% for non-residential
Admin BuildingsRetail BuildingsSingle Housing
8
Solutions
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
9. Modular construction is a process in which a building is constructed
off-site, under controlled plant conditions, using the same materials and
designing to the same codes and standards as conventionally built
facilities – but in about half the time. Buildings are produced in
“modules” that when put together on site, reflect the identical design
intent and specifications of the most sophisticated site-built facility –
without compromise.
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 45 to 60 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 100% Off-site.
Using Types 50% Exterior Systems and 50% for internal.
Residential Using 50% in the residential buildings and 50% for non-residential
Re-locatable Modular Building Permanent Modular Building
5- Modular
Buildings
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
10. Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting
concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a
controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted
into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific
forms and cured on site. Precast stone is distinguished from precast
concrete by using a fine aggregate in the mixture, so the final product
approaches the appearance of naturally occurring rock or stone.
6- Precast Walls
Technical Identification
Weight Per M2 From 70 to 110 KG/m2
Off-site Factor 60% Off-site and 40% On-site preparation.
Using Types 85% Exterior Systems and 15% for internal.
Residential Using 30% in the residential buildings and 70% for non-residential
Ceiling Element Wall Elements
10
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
11. Value Engineering technique involves an
intensive, systematic and creative study to reduce
cost while enhancing reliability and performance.
The technique is used to achieve the best
functional balance between cost, quality and
performance of a product, system or facility
Cost
Function
QualityPerformance
Function
Resources Operation Technology Image
QualityCost
• Community Value.
• Architecture Image.
• Design Analysis.
• Environment..
• Fire and Safety.
• Performance.
• Operation Time.
• Flexibility.
• User Comfort.
• Capital Cost.
• Maintenance Cost .
• Running Cost.
Value Engineering Philosophy
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
12. Quality Module Diagram
Since VE depends on relative
concepts, especially value and
worth, it is important to find a tool
that "assists in defining,
measuring and managing of
owner quality expectations"
Quality model is the entry point
during the planning phase for
establishing and developing the
owners' project criteria.
The quality model (QM )provides
a thorough definition of project
performance expectations required
by the owner. The approach of QM
is based on the total quality
management and consists of
managing quality expectations,
measuring quality conformance,
and managing project quality.
Determination of owner attributes for a certain project
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
13. KidZania - a land of the kids (by the kids, for the
kids). KidZania Cairo offers kids a variety of fun
and interesting role-playing activities in a realistic
city setting. Job activities such as doctor,
firefighter, chef, or flight attendant are associated
with real-world brands, allowing kids to create
and learn with realistic results.
Case Study 1 (KidZania). Cairo Festival City.
Project Activities Master Plan
Custom-made Wall Elements Structure Combination
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
14. Quality Module Steps for Case study A (KidZania).
Image
Engineering
Technology
Operation Resources
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
16. In this case study the owner was searching
for the best solution to build the extension
of his private villa. He decided to use the
solutions of the lightweight building in
order to avoid the obstacles of the
traditional way of construction.
Case Study 2 (Private Villa Extension)
Plans Structure Extension
Structure Combination Covering Solution Lightweight Solution
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
18. Egyptian citizens are regularly thinking to do
HiJ and Umrah, In 2010 the management office
in Cairo airport were studying how to treat the
increasing of visitors number for Sudia Arabia.
Hence, the decision makers took the first step to
build a lightweight terminal to absorb the
seasonal number of travelers.
Case Study 3 (Seasonal Flights Terminal)
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Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
20. Case study 4 (Elkhoms Resort).
This study has been designed and
built by a traditional way of
construction. Elkhoms resort is a
compound, which is located in
Lybia in the west side. Elkhoms is
resort is following the theories of
the Romanic architecture.
20
Villa of Silin Vaults Brick-works
Flat Slab
Pavilion Structure
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
23. Common Zone
Enhanced Zone
Lessening Zone
Enhanced ZoneLessening Zone
Enhanced Zone
Common Zone
23
Quality Module for the Suggested Lightweight Building Type
Comparison
Between the
Traditional
Solutions and
Lightweight
Solutions
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
24. 24
Conclusion
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
The own weight of building material is considered as a main criteria that
classifies the construction systems through heavy weight solutions or lightweight
solutions, either it is a load-bearing or non-load bearing element. Hence, six
lightweight building systems have been selected to be studied during the
research, the average weight of systems started from 25kg/m2 for Drywall
systems, 30kg/m2 for Custom-made walls, 33kg/m2 for Polystyrene walls,
35kg/m2 for Metal Sheet walls, 45kg/m2 for Modular buildings and finally
70kg/m2for the precast walls that have been developed by decreasing the own
weight per meter square from 110kg/m2 to 70kg/m2.
25. 25
Conclusion
Introduction Systems V Engineering Studies Conclusion
Value engineering consists of some theories that help the decision makers to
take the right decision that reflects in the technical performance as well as the
cost performance. The main target of value engineering is keeping the projects
in the best quality module that evaluates the architectural image, engineering
performance, operation time and resources.
There is a deep relation between the lightweight building solutions and the
industrial development. The off-site technique of construction increases the
ability of using the lightweight building solutions which need an industrial aiding
before starting the on-site construction.
Sound insulation, heat transfer, energy consumption, fire resistant and
durability are considered as main criteria of building performance that can be
accurately accounted in the lightweight building systems, comparing with the
performance of the traditional method of construction that are not giving
accurate performance according to the international codes and the local norms.
