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PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS PN JUNCTION DIODES AND RESISTORS
OVERVIEW ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
SEMICONDUCTOR: AN INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
SEMICONDUCTORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CRYSTALLINE NATURE OF SILICON ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
INTRINSIC NATURE OF SILICON ,[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE OF SEMICONDUCTOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE OF SEMICONDUCTOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CONDUCTION IN CRYSTAL LATTICES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
ENERGY BANDS IN SEMICONDUCTORS ,[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS ,  AND METALS: COMPARISON ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND METALS (CONTINUED) Conduction Band Valence Band Conductor Semiconductor Insulator Overlap Band Gap More Band  Gap http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS ,[object Object],[object Object],pair elimination hole electron pair creation http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DOPING AND CONDUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DOPING AND CONDUCTION CONTINUED... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DOPING AND CONDUCTION CONTINUED… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DIFFUSION OF DOPANTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Top view Side view http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DIFFUSION OF DOPANTS (CONTINUED) Concentration of dopant in surrounding atmosphere kept constant per unit volume Dopant deposited on surface - constant amount per unit area http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
ION IMPLANTATION OF DOPANTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
HOLE AND ELECTRON CONCENTRATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DOPING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],There are two types of doping N-type and P-type. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
ENERGY-BAND DIAGRAM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
BAND GAP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
COUNTER DOPING ,[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
P-N JUNCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
P-N JUNCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
THE P-N JUNCTION Direction of Current http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
DEPLETION LAYER FORMATION  The “potential” or voltage across the silicon changes in the depletion region and goes from + in the n region to – in the p region http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
BIASING THE P-N DIODE Forward Bias Applies - voltage to the n region and + voltage to the p region CURRENT! Reverse Bias Applies + voltage to n region and – voltage to p region NO CURRENT DIODES CAN BE CONSIDERED AS SWITCH http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
P-N JUNCTION  – REVERSE BIAS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No current Flow Depletion layer width  Increses http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
P-N JUNCTION  – FORWARD BIAS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
P-N JUNCTION - V-I CHARACTERISTICS ,[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS THE IDEAL DIODE Positive voltage yields finite current Negative voltage yields zero current REAL DIODE http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
THE IDEAL DIODE EQUATION http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE - OPENED REGION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE - CUT-OFF REGION ,[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE - CLOSED REGION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
ZENER EFFECT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
LED ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com

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Semiconductor physics

  • 1. PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTORS PN JUNCTION DIODES AND RESISTORS
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  • 13. INSULATORS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND METALS (CONTINUED) Conduction Band Valence Band Conductor Semiconductor Insulator Overlap Band Gap More Band Gap http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
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  • 19. DIFFUSION OF DOPANTS (CONTINUED) Concentration of dopant in surrounding atmosphere kept constant per unit volume Dopant deposited on surface - constant amount per unit area http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
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  • 28. THE P-N JUNCTION Direction of Current http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
  • 29. DEPLETION LAYER FORMATION  The “potential” or voltage across the silicon changes in the depletion region and goes from + in the n region to – in the p region http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
  • 30. BIASING THE P-N DIODE Forward Bias Applies - voltage to the n region and + voltage to the p region CURRENT! Reverse Bias Applies + voltage to n region and – voltage to p region NO CURRENT DIODES CAN BE CONSIDERED AS SWITCH http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
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  • 34. CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS THE IDEAL DIODE Positive voltage yields finite current Negative voltage yields zero current REAL DIODE http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
  • 35. THE IDEAL DIODE EQUATION http://speakingtechnology.blogspot.com
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