Capability-based planning with TOGAF & ArchiMate

Capability-based planning with TOGAF® and ArchiMate®
Papazoglou Anastasios
EXAMINATION COMMITTEE
Dr. Maria-Eugenia Iacob
Dr. Maya Daneva
Dr. Dick Quartel
Capability-based planning with 1
TOGAF® and ArchiMate®
04/07/2014

Agenda
 Basic concepts & standards
 Research Questions
 Research methodology
 Literature review & online survey
 A method for capability-based planning
 Modeling capability-based planning
 Application on the ArchiSurance case
 Validation
 Conclusions
 Implications
 Recommendations for BiZZdesign
 Discussion
Capability-based planning with TOGAF® and ArchiMate® 04/07/2014 2

BASIC CONCEPTS & STANDARDS
• Enterprise Architecture
• TOGAF
• ArchiMate
• Capability
• Capability-based Planning

Enterprise Architecture
 The process of translating business
vision and strategy into effective
enterprise change (Gartner 2008)
processes people
information
technology

TOGAF®
The Open Group Architecture Framework
→Architecture Development Method

ArchiMate®
 EA modeling language
 open and independent
 Open Group Standard
 Enables the description, analysis, and
visualization of the relationships among
business domains

Simplified ArchiMate metamodel
(Iacob, Quartel, et al. 2012)

Architecture viewpoints
Viewpoints define abstractions on the set
of models representing the enterprise
architecture.
Example: Organization Viewpoint

Capability
 A capability is an ability, capacity or
potential that an organization, person or
system possesses.
 Expressed in general and high-level terms
 Requires a combination different assets (e.g.
people, processes, and technology)
 Help in initiating discussion on business
outcomes
 Processes are too detailed, applications are
too technical and projects focus on short
term results
 Capabilities encapsulate and abstract

Capability-based Planning
Capability-based planning focuses on the
planning, engineering, and delivery of
strategic business capabilities to the
enterprise. (The Open Group, 2011)

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Research Questions
How can ArchiMate support organizations
that have adopted TOGAF to perform
capability-based planning?
 RQ1:What are the definitions found in scientific
literature and in the practice regarding
capability-based planning and other related
concepts?
 RQ2: What would constitute a good method for
capability-based planning in TOGAF?
 RQ3: How do the new, capability-based
planning concepts fit within the existing
ArchiMate metamodel?

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology
(Peffers et al. 2007)

LITERATURE REVIEW & ONLINE
SURVEY

Literature review
Adapted from (Kitchenham 2004)

Concepts in literature
 8 specializations and variations of
capability
 Relationship of capability with 5 other
concepts

Online survey
 Platforms:
 LinkedIn groups (e.g. TOGAF, ArchiMate,
The Enterprise Architecture Network)
 E-mails and mailing lists
 About:
 Difference between fundamental concepts
 Capabilities and capability-based planning
within organizations
 Measuring of capability performance

Capability ontology domain

A METHOD FOR CAPABILITY-BASED
PLANNING

Method overview

MODELING CAPABILITY-BASED
PLANNING
In ArchiMate

Abstract syntax (metamodel fragment)
Proposed concepts:
 Capability
 Capability increment
 Metric
 Resource
 Criteria:
 Alignment
 Parsimony
 Ease of use

Proposed Architecture viewpoints (1/4)
Capability Map Viewpoint

Capability Motivation Viewpoint

Capability Realization Viewpoint

Capability Increment Assessment Viewpoint

Proposed notation

APPLICATION ON THE
ARCHISURANCE CASE

Current situation in ArchiSurance
 Three independent insurance companies
merged
 Challenges:
 Where to focus new investments
 How to homogenize business vocabularies

Phase I: Strategy Validation
Step A: Start with the Business Strategy
 New mission statement
 New vision statement
 New core values

Phase I: Strategy Validation
Step B: Perform scenario planning
 Identification of major forces on key issues
 Selection of the two less predictable forces
 Selection of scenario based on risk and
criticality

Phase II: Capability Analysis
Step C: Define high-level target
capabilities
Ref.
number Name Description
1.0 Vision and Strategy Development
Involves the definition of the business concept and long-term vision, as
well as the development of the business strategy and the management
of strategic initiatives.
2.0
Products and Services
Development and Management
Includes the study, design, planning, promotion, and overall
management of product and service portfolio and the determination of
product prices and reserve levels.
3.0 Investment Management
Covers the ability to manage, construct, or acquire fixed assets that
represent economic value that is expected to provide long-term
benefits.
... ... ...
10.0
Document Processing
Management
Covers the supporting capability to create, input, edit, and produce
documents.

Step D: Create target capability/heat map
Level 1 capability
decomposition
Level 2 capabilities
decomposition
Level 3 capabilities
Capability Map View

Step D: Create target capability/heat map

Step E: Create present capability/heat
map

Step F: Identify capability gaps
Capability Present
Maturity
Target
Maturity
Maturity
Delta
2.1.1 Evaluation of
performance of existing
products/services against
market opportunities
0 1 -1
2.1.3 Discovery research 3 5 -2
2.1.4 Alignment of
product/service concepts
with business strategy
4 5 -1
2.2.1 Products and
services designing,
building, and evaluation
5 4 1
2.2.2 Market testing for
new or revised products
and services
3 2 1
2.2.3 Service delivery
preparation
5 4 1

Phase III: Capability Development and Delivery
Step G: Plan (evaluate, prioritize, and
select)
 Selection of capabilities based on
 Strategic importance
 Collective Balance of Investment
 Winning combination

Capability Present Maturity Target Maturity Maturity Delta
2.1.1 Evaluation of performance of existing products/services against market
opportunities
0 1 -1
2.1.3 Discovery research 3 5 -2
2.1.4 Alignment of product/service concepts with business strategy 4 5 -1
2.2.1 Products and services designing, building, and evaluation 5 4 1
2.2.2 Market testing for new or revised products and services 3 2 1
2.2.3 Service delivery preparation 5 4 1
4.1.2 Market opportunities evaluation & prioritization 1 4 3
4.2.3 Channel strategy definition & management 3 2 1
4.4.6 Sales partners & alliances management 0 1 -1
5.1.1 Customer service segmentation/prioritization (e.g., tiers) development 5 4 1
5.1.2 Customer service policies & procedures definition 3 2 1
5.2.1 Customer service work force planning & management 0 1 -1
5.3.3 Account member setup & maintenance 4 3 1
5.4.2 Member inquiry intake management 4 2 2

Capability Motivation View

Step G: Engineer (define increments,
dimensions, timeline)
 Dimensions of capability ‘4.1.2 Market
opportunities evaluation & prioritization’
Information
Management
5
4
3
2
1
0
Infrastructure
Business Processes
Research and
Development
Analytical
competency
Expertise
Capability increment 1

Capability Realization View

Capability Increment Assessment View

Step I: Deliver
 Monitoring
 Performance
 Risks
 Ensuring resource and skills availability

VALIDATION
The definitions
The method
The extensions to the abstract and the concrete syntaxes

Validation
 4 EA practitioners
 Definitions: “clearly defined”
 Method: “complete and appropriate”, but
structure could be improved
 Abstract syntax: different perceptions
 Viewpoints: “appropriately defined”
 Concrete syntax: not favorable for
‘Resource’

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions
 Many concepts, only few essential
regarding capabilities and capability-based
planning
 A method constructed, inspired by the
business world and the national defense
world, consisting of three phases and
nine steps
 Four concepts and four viewpoints to be
added to the ArchiMate metamodel

IMPLICATIONS

Implications
 For research:
 Offers consolidated vocabulary
 Justifies the need for research on qualitative
vs quantitative capability assessment
 Fuels validation research
 For practice:
 Common language and modeling
enablement
 A flexible method for capability-based
planning
 Business and IT alignment

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
BiZZdesign

Recommendations for BiZZdesign
 A solution for capability-based planning
 Handbook with:
 Simplified method
 Best practices in defining and mapping capabilities
 Tool that supports:
 The language additions
 Simplified capability definition, measurement,
visualization
 Quantitative capability assessment
 Different views using lenses
 Training for customers

DISCUSSION

Capability-based planning with TOGAF & ArchiMate

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