Test Driven Development in ABAP

1. Deutschsprachige SAP® Anwendergruppe
Test Driven Development in ABAP
Christian Drumm, FACTUR Billing Solutions GmbH
Thomas Fiedler, SAP SE

2. Agile Software Development
 Agile principles
 Agile processes
 Agile methods
Re-
factoring
Scrum
Continuous
Integration
XP…
Kanban
Pair pro-
gramming
Unit
Tests

3. Test Driven Development – Introduction
 Approach
1. Implement test
2. Implement application logic
3. Refactor
 Advantages
> Software architecture
> Quality
> Maintainability
> Tests as documentation
3
Red
GreenRefactor

4. Test Driven Development – Tools
 ABAP Unit
> xUnit implementation in ABAO
test_method1( )
test_method2( )
> setup( )  test_method3( )  teardown( )
test_method4( )
test_methodN( )
 Integrated into SE80 and ABAP in Eclipse
> Execute tests on class and package level
> Test coverage analysis
 Integrated into ABAP Test Cockpit
4

5. Test Driven Development – Examples
5
Data access and business logic
mixed within one method.

6. Test Driven Development – Examples
6
Simple unit test.

7. Test Driven Development – Examples
7
Data access using a data access
class and preparation for
dependency injection.
Mock implementation of data
access class.

8. Test Driven Development in practice
 Independent developments vs. extensions of the SAP standard
> Usage in independent developments is straightforward
> Usage to extend SAP standard sometimes very difficult (e.g. BAdIS)
 Legacy code vs. new code
> TDD only possible for new code
> TDD for legacy code may require fundamental changes to software architecture
 Possibility of TDD depends on the used frameworks / APIs
> BOL layer in CRM is very suitable for TDD
> TDD in the context of e.g. the business partner BAPIs is virtually impossible
8

9. The biggest issue when writing Unit Tests
9
Unit Test
Application
Code
Dependent
Components
Configuration
User Interface
Customizing
Database
access
Remote Call
Unknown
Functions

10. The biggest issue when writing Unit Tests
10
Unit Test
Application
Code
Dependent
Components
Configuration
User Interface
Customizing
Database
access
Remote Call
Unknown
Functions
Mocking

11. Example: Currency Conversion
11
Conversion-
rate
Application
Currency
Converter
Unit Test Mock

12. Code Example (Application Code)
12
„Dependency Injection“ to control
dependencies between
components
Decoupling via interfaces

13. Code Example (Test Code)
13

14. Code Example (Test Code with Mock)
14
SAP Test Double
Framework

15. What about Legacy
Code ?
15

16. Application Code Test Code
Code Example (Legacy Code)
16

17. Application Code Test Code
Code Replacement via Test-Seams
17

18. References
 Getting Started with ABAP Testing and Troubleshooting - http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-24152
 Introdcution to the SAP Test Double Framework - http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-61154
 ABAP in Eclipse SCN community - http://scn.sap.com/community/abap/eclipse
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