A presentation from Dan Boddice and Laura Pring presented to the DART consortium on the 110111

1. Monitoring the Soil and Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation Dan Boddice and Laura Pring

2. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOverview Structure of this Presentation What are we hoping to do? Desk study Initial site investigation On going monitoring of the site Laboratory work Output data

4. Many of these use EM radiation

5. Ground penetrating radar (GPR)

6. Airborne multi and hyper-spectral sensors

7. Low frequency EM slingrams (e.g. EM38)

8. Other techniques use magnetic or electrical properties

9. Electrical resistance surveying

12. Geological mapping from the University of Cranfield Website

13. Geological/geophysical/geochemical information from the British Geological Survey (BGS)

14. Previous site investigation reports from the BGS

15. Anecdotal Information from Royal Agricultural College (RAC)/landowner

16. Other SourcesMonitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOverview

17. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationCirencester – Possible Monitoring Locations Reproduced from BGS Website. Geologic Materials Copyright NERC, OS Map reproduced under licence by BGS.

18. Reproduced from BGS Website. Geologic Materials Copyright NERC, OS Map reproduced under licence by BGS. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationHarnhill – Borehole Locations

19. Reproduced from BGS Website. Geologic Materials Copyright NERC, OS Map reproduced under licence by BGS. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationHarnhill – Possible Well Sites

20. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationHarnhill – Geophysical Surveys Gravity Survey Points Airborne Magnetic Survey Flight Lines Reproduced from BGS Website. Geologic Materials Copyright NERC, OS Map reproduced under licence by BGS.

21. On Site Geological mapping of the monitoring sites and the wider area Geological logging of all open trenches Removal of undisturbed and bulk disturbed samples for laboratory testing In situ shear vane testing (if applicable) Logging of hand augered boreholes Possible standard penetration testing (SPT) and installation of water monitoring boreholes Installation of time domain reflectometer (TDR) Installation of weather station Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOverview

22. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOverview Ongoing Monitoring TDR Local weather GPR Standing water (boreholes)

23. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationHow Does TDR work?

24. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationExample Data – Dielectric Permittivity

25. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationExample Data – Conductivity (Dielectric Losses)

26. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationTDR System Design

27. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation Changes to Giulio’s Design

28. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation TDR Installation

29. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation TDR Installation – Clay “Difficult” Soils

30. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation TDR Installation – “Simple” Soils

31. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation Factors which affect EM Propagation Soil Temperature Soil Moisture Geotechnical Properties Density Particle Size Distribution (PSD) Atterberg Limits Geochemistry Frequency of EM Magnetic components in the soil

32. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationWeather Variability over 400m

33. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationWeather Variability over 400m

34. Laboratory Work Particle Size Distribution Natural Moisture Content Atterberg Limits (where applicable) Density (only possible for undisturbed samples) Various geochemical tests Testing of created soil types using a TDR probe Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOverview

35. Monitoring the Soil and EM RadiationOutput Data Bulk Dielectric Bulk pseudo-conductivity (electrical and magnetic losses) Temperature and Moisture Profile of the soil and air above GPR survey data at different frequencies and conditions Geotechnical properties of the soils on site Local weather Signal propagation in varying soil conditions in the laboratory

36. Monitoring the Soil and EM Radiation Acknowledgments GiulioCurioni and Andrew Foo (Mapping the Underworld) Simon Price, Russell Lawley and Helen Reeves (BGS) Nicole Metje and David Chapman (Birmingham University)