Conducting a Site Assessment and PV System Field Survey for designing PV engineers

1. 1.Training Course:
Standalone Solar PV System
Design, Installation for engineers
BY
Eng.Eyad Adnan
https://www.linkedin.com/groups/12107513

5. • Goals of Course
• Project Profile
• PV sample Projects
• Site Surveying
- GPS coordination
- Metro Geographical Data and analysis
• Shading
- Consideration
- effects and treatments
• PV system Field surveying

6. • To be familiar with Designing standalone PV grid
• To prepare PV bidding, specification and BOQ
• To get knowledge with off-grid solar power
system
• To specify the best brands for off grid solar
components
• To recognize the AUS/NZS and IEC standards
• To simulate PV Grid by Pvsys software

7. • Profile Project or Size Project
• client details:
• Address project
• Project Name
• Contract, consulting and Owner companies
• TOTAL POWER CAPACITY AND AREA

13. • DATA COLLECTION:
1. Solar Irradiation :
to specify the total required PV to macth demand customer power
2. Location GPS : to orient PV panels and elevation angle for
shading concern
3. PV panels mounting type
4.Any obstacles to avoid shading problems
4.Amobient condition for the sit location to check power grid
losses /degrading temperature factor
5. Searching place and room for DC batteries , inverters and other
equipment
6. Total available area and free spaces “m^2”

14.  What is Solar irradiation

15.  On-site Visit

16.  Roof types and site evaluation

17.  Site Assessment

18. • 1. Go to:https://www.gps-coordinates.net/

20. 2. Go to :
https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-
bin/sse/grid.cgi?email=luke.s@wildmail.com
Daily, Monthly, annual averaged insolation incident on
horizontal surface in kWh/m2/day
Multi-year average of the temperature of the Earth's
surface
Average Air Temperature at Ten Meters Above the Surface
of the Earth.
Maximum Air Temperature at Ten Meters Above the
Surface of the Earth.
Minimum Air Temperature at Ten Meters Above the
Surface of the Earth.
Meteorological Data Assessment

21. Meteorological Data Assessment

22. Meteorological Data Assessment

23. Meteorological Data Assessment

24. Site & Meteo Details
Location coordinates 31.527N, 34.3E
Avg. Ambient Temperature (0C) Max Average Min
33.4 25.1 14.3
Relative humidity 76.1%
Avg. Daily Solar irradiation-
Horizontal
5.25 Kw-hrs/m2/day
Atmospheric Pressure 98.2 kPA
Wind Speed 2.2 m/s
Avg. Earth temperature
(0C)
Max Average Min
36.8 26.1 14.1
Height from sea level 21m
Project Details
Type of installation Ground-mounted
Estimated array peak power 850kWp
Shading consideration Shade-free
LT voltage 415-480V AC
Phase connection 3-phase
Grid frequency 50Hz
Required area 5600 sqm
Expected Project Cost
Meteorological Data Assessment

25. 1. Average, Max, Min Air Temperature
Meteorological Data Analysis

26. 1. Average Insolation Incident Kwh/m2/day
Meteorological Data Analysis

27. 1. Why shading is problem ??
Overheating
Low performance solar collector
2. Shade-free-No Risk Shading
Open area :inter-row shading by designing -
raw space between PV rows
3. Uniform shading
4. Un-uniform shading IS VERY IMPORTANT

39. • Hnaweh HSL72S

40. 1. the way in which the inverter performs
the maximum power point tracking
(MPPT), mean that modular
configurations are not always the least
susceptible to shade effects.
2. central-, string- and module-inverter
configurations,```
3.3 Inverter MPP track
3. Shading Treatment

42. 1. Elevation or Latitude Angle for preventive
shading:/
• An important parameter in the design of
photovoltaic systems is the maximum elevation
angle, that is, the maximum height of the sun in
the sky at a particular time of year.
• This maximum elevation angle occurs at solar
noon and depends on the latitude and
declination angle as shown in the figure below

44. See my article:
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/cost-optimize-azimuth-angle-tilt-over-
photovoltaic-solar-eyad-adnan/

45.  No cost optimizing can be achieved at hemisphere area by setting the azimuth angle
to 180 "PV oriented to south orientation" and the hemisphere south the azimuth
angle is 0.

49. • How much area we need to our project ??
-The required area for all PV nodules = total KWp/160 W
I.e. each 160 wattage = 1 m2 @nominal cond
- The required area for shading phenomena = 70 % of
total area
- The free area and equipment area = 30 %
- Safety factor upon your economic issue
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑘𝑤𝑝
160
∗ 1.7 ∗ 1.3
-if the project is only one raw such as building roofs
The shading and free area factors will be small

50. • Site Surveying is the first step for designing and installing
PV grid
• Average solar radiation, site latitude, sun elevation angle
and shading effects should be investigated during site visit
and assessment
• Shading can be eliminated by free space between PV rows,
PV bypass panels , tilt angle and MPP track in string
inverters
• Tilt angle of PV panel can determine by site latitude angle
• Azimuth angle or PV orientation to south sun at northern
hemisphere
• Shading can be either uniform or non uniform shading

51. • No cost optimizing can be achieved at
hemisphere area by setting the azimuth angle
to 180 "PV oriented to south orientation" and
the hemisphere south the azimuth angle is 0.
• Tilt angle is fixed to your latitude building +15
in winter and -15 in summer;
• the fixed tilt angle over year is the average
angle between tilt angle in summer and
winter

52. • AS/NZS 4509.2
• AS/NZS 5033:2014
• PVTRIN Handbook