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Modulation Techniques for Mobile Radio UNIT-3
What is modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Modulation Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Analog/Digital Modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Goal of Modulation Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Digital Modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Digital Modulation The modulating signal is respresented as a time-sequence of symbols or pulses.  Each symbol has  m  finite states: That means each symbol carries  n  bits of information where  n  = log 2 m   bits/symbol. ... 0  1  2  3  T One symbol (has  m  states – voltage levels ) ( represents  n  = log 2 m  bits of information ) Modulator
Factors that Influence Choice of Digital Modulation Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Power Efficiency of Modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],E b : signal energy per bit  N 0 : noise power spectral density PER : probability of error
Bandwidth Efficiency of Modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],R: the data rate (bps) B: bandwidth occupied by the modulated RF signal
Linear Modulation Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Binary Phase Shift Keying ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Q 0 State 1  State
BPSK Example Data Carrier Carrier+   BPSK waveform 1  1  0  1  0  1
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Q 11 State 00 State 10 State 01 State Phase of Carrier:   /4, 2  /4, 5  /4, 7  /4
4 different waveforms 11 01 00 10 cos+sin -cos+sin cos-sin -cos-sin
Constant Envelope Modulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) ,[object Object],Continues FSK Integral of m(x) is continues.
FSK Example 1  1  0  1 Data FSK  Signal
SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION TECHNIQUES

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Modulation Techniques for Mobile Radio

  • 1. Modulation Techniques for Mobile Radio UNIT-3
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Digital Modulation The modulating signal is respresented as a time-sequence of symbols or pulses. Each symbol has m finite states: That means each symbol carries n bits of information where n = log 2 m bits/symbol. ... 0 1 2 3 T One symbol (has m states – voltage levels ) ( represents n = log 2 m bits of information ) Modulator
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. BPSK Example Data Carrier Carrier+  BPSK waveform 1 1 0 1 0 1
  • 14.
  • 15. 4 different waveforms 11 01 00 10 cos+sin -cos+sin cos-sin -cos-sin
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. FSK Example 1 1 0 1 Data FSK Signal