Oracle Database 19c Upgrade Virtual Classroom Series By Mike and Roy: Webinar 1

1. Upgrade to Oracle Database 19c
Release and Patching Strategy
Virtual Classroom Series
Mike Dietrich
Master Product Manager
Database Upgrade and Migrations
Roy Swonger
Vice President
Database Upgrade, Utilities and Patching

2. Vice President
Database Upgrade,
Utilities & Patching
Roy F. Swonger
@RoyFSwonger

3. Master Product Manager
Database Upgrade
and Migrations
Mike Dietrich
https://MikeDietrichDE.com
@MikeDietrichDE

4. Slides | https://MikeDietrichDE.com

5. Content Overview
Migration to
Multitenant
4
Ensure
Performance Stability
3
Upgrade to Oracle
Database 19c
2Release and
Patching Strategy
1

6. Database Upgrade
What you shouldn't do
PhotobyKaiPilgeronUnsplash

7. Don't do this | Outdated Versions
Monday, January 14, 2019 7:08 AM
I’m working into a deal in LAD Customer, migrating about aprox 70 db oracle database version 7 (supporting
OLD application developed on Oracle Forms) distributed around all country, my customer is want to
modernized their application to 3 layer architecture (using an J2EE app) and move all data to an oracle DB
central repository.
We are intend to recommend best architecture and sizing but we do not know Oracle 7 database.

8. Don't do this | Outdated Versions
GA: 29-NOV-2006

9. PhotobySpaceXonUnsplash
Database Upgrade
Why you "want" to upgrade

10. Lifetime Support Policy
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Oracle 18
(12.2.0.2)
EXTENDEDOracle 12.1
EXTENDEDOracle 19
(12.2.0.3)
EXTENDEDWaived EXTENDEDOracle 11.2 MARKET
DRIVEN
Oracle 12.2.0.1 LIMITED
Premier Support Waived Extended Support Paid Extended Support Market Driven Support Limited Error Correction

11. Oracle 12.2 Release Family
Includes:
• Oracle 12.2.0.1, Oracle 18c (12.2.0.2), Oracle 19c (12.2.0.3)
• MOS Note:742060.1 - The Single Source of Truth
• MOS Note:161818.1 - Releases Support Status Summary
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Oracle 18
(12.2.0.2)
EXTENDED
Oracle 12.2.0.1
Oracle 19
(12.2.0.3)
LIMITED

12. Lifetime Support Policy Brochure
http://www.oracle.com/us/support/library/lifetime-support-technology-069183.pdf

13. Innovation
EXTENDEDLong Term Support
Innovation
Premier Support Paid Extended Support
Release Types | Long Term Support vs Innovation Releases
Long Term Support Release
• 5 years of Premier Support followed by 3 years of Extended Support
Innovation Release
• 2 years of Premier Support, but there is no Extended Support
• MOS Note: 742060.1 - Release Schedule of Current Database Releases

14. Old Format
12.2.0.1.0 Year. Update. Revision
New Format
19.7.0
Yearly Releases | 3 Number Format

15. Patch:
opatch
Oracle 19.3.0 Oracle 19.7.0
Upgrade:
autoupgrade.jar or
dbupgrade
Oracle 18.6.0 Oracle 19.7.0
Basic Facts | Patch versus Upgrade

16. Patching before Oracle Database 12.2
Patch Set Updates and Bundle Patches

17. Patching | Before Oracle Database 12.2
Bundle Patch 2
Patch Set Update 2
Bundle Patch 1
Patch Set Update 1
Base Release
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off
Functional Fixes
Optimizer / off
Functional Fixes
Patch Set Update 1
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Patch Set Update 2
Security Fixes Regression Fixes

18. Patching since Oracle Database 12.2
Updates (RU) and Revisions (RUR)

19. Patching | Release Update 1 (RU)
Base Release
Update 1
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes

20. Patching | Release Update 2 (RU)
Base Release
Update 1
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes
Update 2
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes

21. Patching | Release Update Revision 1 (RUR)
Base Release
Update 1
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes
Update 2
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes
Update 1
Functional Fixes
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off
Revision 1
At the
same date

22. Patching | Release Update Revision 2 (RUR)
Base Release
Update 1
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes
Update 2
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off Functional Fixes
Update 1
Functional Fixes
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off
Revision 1
Update 2
Functional Fixes
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off
Revision 1
Update 1
Functional Fixes
Security Fixes Regression Fixes
Optimizer / off
Revision 2
At the
same date
Update 3

23. Timeline Example
Yearly Releases, Updates and Revisions

24. Timeline | April 2018
Release April July October January April
18c 18.2.0 Beta - Update 1

25. Timeline | July 2018
Release April July October January April
18c 18.2.0 18.3.0
18.2.1
Update - On-Prem GA
1. Revision

26. Timeline | October 2018
Release April July October January April
18c 18.2.0 18.3.0 18.4.0
18.2.1 18.3.1
18.2.2
19c 19.1.0New Release
Update
1. Revision
2. Revision

27. Timeline Example | January 2019
Release April July October January April
18c 18.2.0 18.3.0 18.4.0 18.5.0
18.2.1 18.3.1 18.4.1
18.2.2 18.3.2
19c 19.1.0 19.2.0

28. Timeline Example | April 2019
Release April July October January April
18c 18.2.0 18.3.0 18.4.0 18.5.0 18.6.0
18.2.1 18.3.1 18.4.1 18.5.1
18.2.2 18.3.2 18.4.2
19c 19.1.0 19.2.0 19.3.0

29. Timeline Example | Future Projection 2022
April July October January April July October January April July October January April July October
18c 18.6.0 18.7.0 18.8.0 18.9.0 18.10.0 18.11.0 18.12.0 18.13.0 18.14.0 18.15.0
18.5.1 18.6.1 18.7.1 18.8.1 18.9.1 18.10.1 18.11.1 18.12.1 18.13.1 18.14.1
18.4.2 18.5.2 18.6.2 18.7.2 18.8.2 18.9.2 18.10.2 18.11.2 18.12.2 18.13.2
19c 19.3.0 19.4.0 19.5.0 19.6.0 19.7.0 19.8.0 19.9.0 19.10.0 19.11.0 19.12.0 19.13.0 19.14.0 19.15.0 19.16.0 19.17.0
19.3.1 19.4.1 19.5.1 19.6.1 19.7.1 19.8.1 19.9.1 19.10.1 19.11.1 19.12.1 19.13.1 19.14.1 19.15.1 19.16.1
19.3.2 19.4.2 19.5.2 19.6.2 19.7.2 19.8.2 19.9.1 19.10.2 19.11.2 19.12.2 19.13.3 19.14.2 19.15.2
2019
Patching
End 18c
2020 2021 2022

30. Timeline Example | Possibilities
April July October January April July October January April July October January April July October
19c 19.3.0 19.7.0 19.11.0 19.15.0 19.16.0 19.17.0
19.12.1
19.7.2 19.8.2 19.12.2 19.14.2
2019 2020 2021 2022

31. Timeline Example | Much simpler: RUs only
April July October January April July October January April July October January April July October
18c 18.6.0 18.7.0 18.8.0 18.9.0 18.10.0 18.11.0 18.12.0 18.13.0 18.14.0 18.15.0
19c 19.3.0 19.4.0 19.5.0 19.6.0 19.7.0 19.8.0 19.9.0 19.10.0 19.11.0 19.12.0 19.13.0 19.14.0 19.15.0 19.16.0 19.17.0
2019 2020 2021 2022

32. Attention | The RUR trap!
• You will consume RUs "secretly”
• Stay with RUs!
July October January April July October
RU 18.3.0
RUR-1 18.3.1
RUR-2 18.3.2 18.4.2 18.5.2 18.6.2
July October January April July October
RU 18.3.0
RUR-1 18.3.1
RUR-2 18.3.2 18.4.2 18.5.2 18.6.2
18.4.0 18.4.1

33. Attention | The RUR trap with example numbers
• Assume an RU has 100 new fixes - 25 security only, 75 other fixes
• Then an RUR1 adds 25 fixes on top, RUR2 adds another 25 on top
July October January April July October
RU 100
RUR-1 125
RUR-2 150 250 350 450
July October January April July October
RU 100 200 300 400 500 600
RUR-1 125
RUR-2 150 ? ?? ???
200 225
+100

34. Further Information
The most important Links and MOS Notes

35. Testing Recommendations
Oracle Database - Overview of Database Patch Delivery Methods for 12.2.0.1 and greater
(Doc ID 2337415.1)

36. Most Important Notes
MOS Note: 742060.1
Release Schedule of Current Database Releases
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=742060.1
MOS Note: 2285040.1
Release Update Introduction and FAQ
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=2285040.1
MOS Note: 756671.1
Master Note for Database Proactive Patch Program
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=756671.1
MOS Note: 1962125.1
Oracle Database - Overview of Database Patch Delivery Methods for 12.1.0.2 and lower
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=1962125.1
MOS Note 2337415.1
Oracle Database - Overview of Database Patch Delivery Methods for 12.2.0.1 and greater
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=2337415.1
MOS Note: 2118136.2
Assistant: Download Reference for Oracle Database/GI PSU, SPU(CPU), Bundle Patches, Patchsets and Base Releases
https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?id=2118136.2

37. Break Time
We'll be back in 5 minutes

38. 987654321000543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432100 4:
SECONDSMINUTES
Break Time
We'll be back in 5 minutes

39. 987654321000543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432100 3:
SECONDSMINUTES
Break Time
We'll be back in 5 minutes

40. 987654321000543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432100 2:
SECONDSMINUTES
Break Time
We'll be back in 5 minutes

41. 987654321000543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432100 1:
SECONDSMINUTES
Break Time
We'll be back in 5 minutes

42. 987654321000543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321098765432100 0:
SECONDSMINUTES
Break Time
… almost over … ☺

43. Welcome to the Jungle
Patching and the jungle?
PhotobyAndreasDressonUnsplash

44. Patching Strategies
Patching Basics
The Database Patching Process
Tips for Patching Success

46. Security
The most important
reason to upgrade
and patch
PhotobyJoseFontanoonUnsplash

47. Do We Really Need To Say This?
Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/22/business/equifax-settlement.html?module=inline

48. Security | What happens if you don't upgrade

49. "My database is not facing the internet"
PhotobyBenWhiteonUnsplash

50. of malware is
delivered via email
92%

51. Basic Facts | opatch and datapatch
opatch
• Applies binary files to a home
• Instance will be down
• opatchauto for RAC environments
datapatch
• Applies SQL changes to a database
• Database must be up

52. Basic Facts | Patch types
One-Off patch - Interim patch
• Single bug fix
Merge patch
• Two or many one-off fixes combined
Bundle patch
• A collection of many fixes on top of a release or another bundle patch
• Examples:
• PSU - Patch Set Update
• BP - Bundle Patch
• RU - Release Update
Oracle Database - Overview
of Database Patch Delivery
Methods for 12.2.0.1 and later
MOS Note: 2337415.1

53. Basic Facts | Patch Inventory
$ opatch lsinventory
• Tells you what is installed in your software home
DBMS_QOPATCH package provides access to
• Patches installed in the Oracle Home
• FAQ on Queryable Patch Inventory (MOS Note: 1530108.1)
DBA_REGISTRY_SQLPATCH
• View detailing information about SQL patches installed in the database

54. Recommendation | Out-of-Place Patching
Apply Patches
Original
Database
Home
Cloned
Database
Home
Patched
Database
Home
Restart database
using new home

55. Recommendation | Standby-First Apply Patching
1. Patch the Standby
2. Test Changes!!!!
3. Switchover
Application Tier
Data Guard
• Production up after Switchover
• Run any patch SQL
• Patch original Primary home
Post Switchover

56. Recommendation | RAC Rolling Patching
Datapatch
OPatch OPatch
Application Tier

57. Patching Strategies
Patching Basics
The Database Patching Process
Tips for Patching Success

58. The Database Patching Process
1 Find the right patches
2 Download & install patches
3 Apply changes to the database
4 Verify the result
5 Special Feature: Install and Patch

59. Finding the Right Patches | Quarterly
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/

60. Critical Patch Alert April 2020 | Risk Matrix

61. Critical Patch Alert July 2019 | Risk Matrix

62. Quarterly Release Update Patch Reference
Oracle Database 19c Proactive Patch Information MOS Note: 2521164.1
• Database 18 Proactive Patch Information MOS Note: 2369376.1
• Database 12.2.0.1 Proactive Patch Information MOS Note: 2285557.1
• Database 12.1.0.2 Proactive Patch Information MOS Note: 2285558.1
• Database 11.2.0.4 Proactive Patch Information MOS Note: 2285559.1

63. Oracle Java Virtual Machine | OJVM
OJVM Security Fixes in Quarterly Patches: ⌀ 7.9
6,5
9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,1 9,0
5,3
9,9
8,2 8,3
8,5
5,3
9,8
3,5
7,5
6,8 6,8
7,5
8,0
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
jan-15 apr-15 jul-15 okt-15 jan-16 apr-16 jul-16 okt-16 jan-17 apr-17 jul-17 okt-17 jan-18 apr-18 jul-18 okt-18 jan-19 apr-19 jul-19 okt-19 jan-20 apr-20

64. Check | OJVM
Is OJVM installed?
Select comp_id, comp_name, version from DBA_REGISTRY order by 1;
COMP_ID COMP_NAME VERSION
CATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
CATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
CATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
JAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
OLS Oracle Label Security 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
ORDIM Oracle Multimedia 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
OWM Oracle Workspace Manager 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
XDB Oracle XML Database 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0
XML Oracle XDK 1 9 . 7 . 0 . 0 . 0

65. Recommendation | OJVM
If OJVM is installed, you have 3 options:
• Patch it quarterly
• Disable it with the mitigation patch
• Remove it from the database

66. Recommendation | OJVM
If OJVM is installed, you have 3 options:
• Patch it quarterly
• Separate from RUs and BPs
• Require downtime or blackout time for Java subsystem
• See MOS Note: 2217053.1
RAC Rolling Install Process for the "Oracle JavaVM Component Database PSU/RU"
• Disable it with the mitigation patch
• Remove it from the database

67. Recommendation | OJVM
If OJVM is installed, you have 3 options:
• Patch it quarterly
• Disable it with the mitigation patch
• For cases where patching the OJVM is not immediately possible
• Not RAC Rolling installable
• Must be disabled for database upgrade
• Explanation and download in MOS Note: 1929745.1
• Important:
https://mikedietrichde.com/2020/03/31/ojvm-and-the-mitigation-patch-things-to-know-in-2020/
• Remove it from the database

68. Recommendation | OJVM
If OJVM is installed, you have 3 options:
• Patch it quarterly
• Disable it with the mitigation patch
• Remove it from the database
• https://mikedietrichde.com/2017/08/07/javavm-xml -clean-oracle-database-11-2-12-2/
• Safe repair/reinstall of the JVM Component in 11.2 and up MOS Note: 2314363.1
• Repairing/Reinstalling JVM To A Multitenant Database (CDB and all PDBs) MOS Note: 2262919.1

69. New since Jan 2020 | JDK Update in RUs
JDK patches included in RUs
• Always stable JDK from the previous quarter
• April 2020 Release Update
• $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin
• $ ./java -version
java version "1.8.0_241"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_241-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.241-b07, mixed mode)
• https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/8u241-relnotes-5813177.html

70. Recommendation | Find out more on the Upgrade Blog
Quarterly Patch Cycles JDK Information

71. The Database Patching Process
1 Find the right patches
2 Download & install patches
3 Apply changes to the database
4 Verify the result
5 Special Feature: Install and Patch

72. Download & Install Patches
Check for newest opatch version
Download and unzip patch (bundle)
Check for patch conflicts
Shutdown instance using this home
Apply binary with opatch or opatchauto

73. opatch
Always use the newest opatch
• Why should you use the most recent version of opatch:
https://mikedietrichde.com/2018/05/14/why-should-you-use-the-most-recent-version-of-opatch/
• MOS Note: 274526.1 – How To Download And Install The Latest OPatch(6880880) Version
1. Remove the existing $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
2. Copy patch 6880880 into $ORACLE_HOME
3. Unzip it

74. Patch Download Assistant
Always use the Patch Download Assistant note MOS Note: 2118136.2

75. Patch Demo using MOS Note: 2118136.2

76. Recommendation | OPatch
Download always the newest OPatch
• Opatch download via patch 6880880
Be aware of "opatch util cleanup"
• https://mikedietrichde.com/2020/04/17/opatch-alert-be-
aware-of-cleanup-issues-and-the-jdk-version/

77. The Database Patching Process
1 Find the right patches
2 Download & install patches
3 Apply changes to the database
4 Verify the result
5 Special Feature: Install and Patch

78. Apply changes to the Database
Startup the database in the new or patched home
• Start all pluggable databases
Patch the database using datapatch
• Since RU April 2019 increased parallelism for PDBs
Proactive recompilation of invalid objects
• Controlled by -recomp_threshold parameter
- Oracle 12.2.0.1 and higher since RU July 2019
- Bug 30485255 - Datapatch: Increase Automatic Revalidation Threshold To 300

79. datapatch Demo

80. Patching a Container Database
• datapatch simply "does the right thing"
• Only open PDBs will be patched
• Sequence
1. Patch the CDB$ROOT
2. Patch PDB$SEED and PDBs in parallel
• Since 12.2: Parallelism determined based on system and database characteristics

81. The Database Patching Process
1 Find the right patches
2 Download & install patches
3 Apply changes to the database
4 Verify the result
5 Special Feature: Install and Patch

82. Verify the Result
1 Check the logfiles
2 Test appropriately
3 Rollback or reapply if necessary
Automatically keeps zip of necessary files in database
(e.g. for unplug-plug into a CDB) since Oracle 18c
BLOB column: PATCH_DIRECTORY in CDB_REGISTRY_SQLPATCH

83. Demo | Rolling back a patch

84. The Database Patching Process
1 Find the right patches
2 Download & install patches
3 Apply changes to the database
4 Verify the result
5 Special Feature: Install and Patch

85. Install and Patch
Since Oracle 18c, you can install and patch at the same time
• For GI and DB homes
• Grid Infrastructure example:
- mkdir /u01/app/grid/1970
- cd /u01/app/grid/1970
- unzip LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
- unzip p30899722_19000_Linux_x86-64.zip
- ./gridSetup -applyRU 30899722
• Database example:
- mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/1970
- cd /u01/app/oracle/product/1970
- unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
- unzip -d p30869156_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip /u01/app/oracle/product/1970/patch
- ./runInstaller -applyRU patch/30899722
• Can include one-off patches as well
- ./runInstaller -applyRU patch/30899722 -applyOneOffs patch/30805684,patch/30524762

87. Patching Strategies
Patching Basics
The Database Patching Process
Tips for Patching Success

88. Summary | Tips for Patching Success
• Use out-of-place patching to reduce downtime and risk
• Standardize your environment and use gold images
• Automate where possible
• Stay current on quarterly Release Updates
• Run utlrp.sql before you invoke datapatch to clean up invalid objects
• Where applicable, use RAC Rolling patching and Standby-First Apply to further reduce downtime

89. Further Information
Finally …

90. Slides | https://MikeDietrichDE.com

91. Upcoming Webinars
Webinar 2:
Thursday, June 25 at 11:00h CET
AutoUpgrade to Oracle Database 19c
Webinar 3:
Tuesday, June 30 at 11:00h CET
Performance Stability, Tips and Tricks and Underscores
Webinar 4:
Thursday, July 2 at 11:00h CET
Migration to Oracle Multitenant