Egypt's Major Corporations Overview

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An Overview of Major Corporations in Egypt
Source CBE Jun 2015 Statistical Bulletin / CAPMAS / Egypt Stock Exchange
• Introduction to Egypt REAL Sector
[1]GDP1960-2014
The Gross Domestic Product [GDP] in Egypt was worth 258 billion US dollars in 2014. The GDP value of Egypt
represents 0.41 percent of the world economy. GDP in Egypt averaged 52.684 USD Billion from 1960 until 2014,
reachinganall-timehighof286.54USDBillionin201andarecordlowof4USDBillionin1962.GDPisreportedby
theWorldBank.
GDPCompositionAgriculture13.2%,Industry35.4%,Services51.4%
Y/Y Q1 Q2
[2]
EgyptGDPGrowthRatesbySector% 2013/2014 2014/2015 2014/2015
Agriculture 1.3% 3% 2.9%
Extractions -9.3% -8.2% -6.4%
Manufacturing Industries 21.9% 17.1% 17.2%
Construction & Building 3% 9.9% 9.5%
Wholesale and Retail Trade 2% 3.2% 3.4%
Finance 2.3% 2.9% 2.8%
Tourism -18% 59.1% 52.7%
Transportation 2.3% 4.5% 4.6%
Communications 4.6% 4.5% 4.8%
SourceCBE
• Egypt’s Top Companies - The Power 34 Market Value
Source:ForbesMiddleEast (MarketCAP)
1. Telecom Egypt [Region rank 45] $3.6bn
2. Commercial International Bank – CIB [Region rank 50] $2.8bn
3. Qatar National Bank – QNB [Region rank 70] $2.3bn
4. TMG Holding [Region rank 85] $1.3bn
5. Eastern Tobacco [Region rank 109] $724.9m
6. Suez Cement [Region rank 122] $585.3m
7. ElSewedy Electric [Region rank 123] $754.8m
8. GB Auto [Region rank 132] $525.6m
9. Sidi Kerir Petrochemicals [Region rank 137] $1bn
10. EFG Hermes Holding [Region rank 142] $786.4m
11. Credit Agricole Egypt [Region rank 150] $501.8m
12. Oriental Weavers [Region rank 166] $316.4m
13. Faisal Islamic Bank [Region rank 194] $91m
14. Alexandria Cement [Region rank 195] $548.2m
15. Six of October Development and Investment [Region rank 201] $289.2m
16. Amer Group Holding [Region rank 229] $295.3m
17. Delta Sugar [Region rank 253] $263.1m
18. Cairo Poultry [Region rank 261] $179.1m
19. Sinai Cement [Region rank 271] $230.4m
20. Lecico Egypt [Region rank 303] $91.6m
21. Egyptian Chemical Industries – Kima [Region rank 308] $420.7m
22. Torah Cement [Region rank 309] $326.7m

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23. Union National Bank Egypt [Region rank 323] $95.5m
24. Glaxo Smith Kline [Region rank 331] $124.1m
25. Zahraa Maadi Investment and Development [Region rank 376] $92.1m
26. Bisco Misr [Region rank 408] $61.7m
27. ElNasr Transformers – El Maco [Region rank 412] $62.4m
28. ElEzz Porcelain – Gemma [Region rank 430] $20.7m
29. Misr Chemical Industries [Region rank 446] $45.5m
30. Mohandes Insurance [Region rank 453] $15.1m
31. Delta Construction and Rebuilding [Region rank 462] 22.5m
32. Egyptians for Investment and Urban Dev. [Region rank 463] $63.4m
33. Arab Aluminum [Region rank 470] $11.1m
34. Belton Financial Holding [Region rank 491] $18m
• Number of companies based in Egypt, classified by industry and sub classified by activity
Source: QIZ Egypt – Ministry of Trade and Industry
A U T O M O T I V E N O . O F C O M P A N I E S
 Car Manufacturer [36]
 Components Spare Parts [145]
 Components Trader [26]
 Dealers [87]
 Fleet Management [5]
 Maintenance [44]
T O U R I S M
 Agencies [203]
 Airlines [47]
 Car Rentals Buses [59]
 Embassies [65]
 Hotel Equip Supplements [5]
 Hotels Resorts [199]
 Restaurants [80]
S E R V I C E
 Consulting [385]
 Education [303]
 Finance Insurance [163]
 Health Care [194]
 Human Resources Recruitment [92]
 Legal Services [137]
 Public Organizations [143]
 Shipping Logistics [197]
M A R K E T I N G
 Advertising Agencies [306]
 Events Conferences [109]
 Market Research [87]
 Media [88]
 Online [142]
 Outdoor Advertising [47]

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I T A N D T E L E C O M
 Call Centers [30]
 Computers [132]
 E Commerce [19]
 Internet Software [348]
 Mobile Phones [6]
 Telecommunication [113]
I N D U S T R Y
 Electrical [719]
 Environment [120]
 Furniture Decoration [301]
 Paper Packaging [216]
 Petrochemicals [50]
 Petroleum [179]
 Printing Photographic Equip [74]
 Textiles [263]
F O O D A N D B E V E R A G E S
 Agriculture [237]
 Bakery Confectionary [66]
 Dairy Processed Food [90]
 Farm Agricultural Equipment [24]
 Fertilizers [36]
 Food Beverages [92]
 Food Stores [28]
 Herbs Oils [39]
 Organic Food [18]
C O N S T R U C T I O N
 Aluminum [9]
 Building Materials [260]
 Cement [13]
 Contractors [209]
 Foundry Glass [78]
 Iron [2]
 Metal works [100]
 Real Estate [310]
 Steel [143]
C H E M I C A L S
 Chemical Equipment [91]
 Cosmetics [111]
 Medicine Pharmaceuticals [164]
 Paints Ink [76]
 Plastics Rubber [177]
T R A D E
 General Trading [232]
 Gifts [26]
 Jewelry [4]
 Multinational companies [17]
 Toys & Music Instruments [12]

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• List of notable companies based in Egypt, grouped by their Industry Classification Benchmark sector
B A S I C M A T E R I A L S
 ABU QIR Fertilizers and Chemicals Industries Company
 Egyptalum, aluminum
 Ezz Steel, steel
 Shotmed Paper Industries, paper
 Suez Steel, steel
C O N G L O M E R A T E
 Bahgat Group
 Dar Al-Handasah
 Orascom Group
 Talaat Moustafa Group, agriculture, construction, manufacturing, real estate
 Youssef Allam Group, paper, printing, medical
C O N S U M E R G O O D S
 Al-Mansour Automotive
 Arab American Vehicles
 Bavarian Auto Group
 BiscoMisr
 Corona
 Egy-Tech Engineering
 Egyptian International Beverage Company
 General Motors Egypt
 Ghabbour Group
 Herrawi Group
 Juhayna
 Nasr, state-owned
 Olympic Group
 Starworld
M E D I A
 Daily News Egypt
 Modern Arab Association
 The Egyptian Gazette
T R A V E L & L E I S U R E
 Air Arabia Egypt
 Air Cairo
 Air Memphis
 Air Sinai
 Alexandria Airlines
 AlMasria Universal Airlines
 Al-Mokawloon Al-Arab
 AMC Airlines
 Cairo Aviation
 EgyptAir
 EgyptAir Express
 Orascom Hotels and Development
 Midwest Airlines
 Nesma Airlines
 Nile Air
 Superjet Lines
 Travco Group

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F I N A N C I A L S
 123
 Al Watany Bank of Egypt, bank
 Arab International Bank
 Bank of Alexandria
 Banque du Caire
 Banque Misr
 Central Bank of Egypt
 Coldwell Banker New Homes
 Commercial International Bank
 HSBC Bank Egypt
 National Bank of Egypt
H E A L T H C A R E
 Novartis
I N D U S T R I A L S
 ABU QIR Fertilizers and Chemicals Industries Company, agriculture
 Arab Contractors, construction
 Cairo Electric Railways and Heliopolis Oases Company, transportation
 EEC Group, engineering
 EgyptAir Cargo, cargo
 Egyptian Engineering Agencies, engineering, automotive
 Egyptian National Railways, railway
 Egyptian Steel, manufacturer of steel and steel products
 Egypt Post, post, shipping
 EUC Construction – El Hazek, construction
 Hassan Allam Sons, construction
 Ibrachy Law Firm, legal
 Orascom Construction Industries, construction
 Manufacturing Commercial Vehicles, commercial vehicles
 Petroleum Air Services, oil industry support
 Smart Aviation Company, corporate travel
 Suez Canal Container Terminal, transportation terminal
 Tristar Air, cargo airline
O I L & G A S
 Challenger LTD, drilling
 Dana Petroleum, exploration
 EGAS, state-owned oil and gas holdings
 Egyptian Natural Gas Company, natural gas
 Enppi
 Petrosalam, exploration
 SEGAS LNG, gas complex
 Vegas Oil and Gas, exploration
T E C H N O L O G Y
 ITWorx, Technology and Consulting
 eSpace , Technology and Consulting
 Microsoft Egypt
 Timeline Interactive, game developer
 VertiKa

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T E L E C O M M U N I C A T I O N S
 Etisalat Egypt
 Mobinil
 Nilesat
 Orascom Telecom Holding
 TE Data
 Telecom Egypt
 Vodafone Egypt
• A brief on some major companies based in Egypt, grouped by their Industry
P E T R O L E U M
I . Challenger LTD
Challenger is based in the Middle East and North Africa [MENA] region, and is currently led by Chairman
Hassan Tatanaki. The company was founded in 1991 and operated first in Africa later expanding into the
MiddleEast.
ChallengerLimitedisaproviderofcontractoilandgaslandwelldrillingandworkoverservices.Thecompany
owns and operates 25 drilling rigs in Libya providing drilling and work-over services for oil, gas, and water
wells, with offices in Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Workover refers to any kind of oil
wellinterventioninvolvinginvasivetechniques,suchaswireline,coiledtubingorsnubbing.Morespecifically
though,itwillrefertotheexpensiveprocessofpullingandreplacingaCompletion[oilwell].
Ithasanextensiveclientbase,includingseveralnationaloilcompaniesaswellasinternationalcorporations
such as Agip/Eni, Total, Marathon Oil, Veba and Verenex Energy. Challenger works as a regular
subcontractor to thestate-owned National OilCorporation of Libya. Challenger is oneof the oldestdrilling
companiesinAfrica,andparticularlyinLibya.Sinceinception,thecompanyhasgrowneveryyearproducing
impressive financial results. Challenger is a private company limited by shares registered in the General
Registry of the Isle of Man, G.B. It operates as a commercial entity through a network of branches in
Liechtenstein, the Middle East and Africa. Financial Consultants and audit firms include KPMG and Price
WaterhouseCoopers.
II. Dana Petroleum
Dana Petroleum plc is an oil and gas exploration and production company based in Aberdeen, United
Kingdom.ItsactivitiesarefocusedontheNorthSea,AfricaandTheMiddleEast.ItisasubsidiaryoftheKorea
National Oil Corporation. The company was formed in 1994 by Tom Cross to exploit North Sea oil
opportunities. In 2007 the company acquired Ener Petroleum for £24 million as well as Devon Energy
Corporation's oil and gas operations in Egypt for US$375 million. In June 2010, Dana Petroleum agreed to
acquire Petro Canada Netherlands from Suncor Energy for around $393 million, then later in September
2010 the company announced a further $372 million acquisition of certain Petro Canada UK assets. On 2
July 2010 Dana Petroleum confirmed it had received a £1.5 billion takeover bid. Korea National Oil
Corporationconfirmedpreliminarydiscussionsregarding apossiblecash offerfor theentireissuedand to-
be-issued share capital of Dana Petroleum. On August 20, 2010, KNOC went hostile in their bid for Dana
Petroleum, the first time an Asian state owned company had made a direct bid for a UK company. By 24
September2010, KNOChadreceived 64.26% acceptanceoftheshareofferfromshareholdersresulting in
the Dana Petroleum Board advising shareholders to accept the offer as the board intended to do with
regard to their own beneficial holding. In January 2014, Dana Petroleum began seismic operations in
Cameroon in Bakassi West after signing a Production Sharing Contract [PSC] for the block with the
GovernmentofCameroon.
III. Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company
The Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company [EGAS] is an Egyptian state-owned holding company, which
ownsandmanagesstatestakesindifferentgasproject.ThecompanywasestablishedinAugust2001.EGAS
isalsoresponsibleforissuingofnaturalgasexplorationlicensesinEgypt.

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IV. Egyptian Natural Gas Company [GASCO]
TheEgyptianNaturalGasCompany[GASCO]isasubsidiaryoftheEgyptianGeneralPetroleumCorporation
operatinginthefieldofnaturalgastransmission,distributionandprocessing.Thecompanywasestablished
inMarch1997.GASCOoperatesthegasgridwithtotallengthof17,600kilometers[10,900mi].Thenational
gasgridhasextendedtoneighboringcountriesthroughtheArabGasPipeline.Themainshareholderisthe
Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation with 70% of shares. Petrojet and Egypt Gas own 15% of shares
both.
V. Enppi
Enppi [ENgineering for the Petroleum and Process Industries] is one of the largest engineering companies
in Egypt, Middle East & North Africa. Its main domain of business covers petroleum, gas, petrochemicals,
powerandotherrelatedindustries.
Enppiis an internationalEPCmain contractor andmanagementcontractor, with arecord in thefield of oil
& gas for both onshore and offshore projects. To date, over 850 major projects and over 25 million man
hoursofprofessionalserviceswerecompletedforoilandgas,refining,petrochemicalandgeneralindustry
Projects.
Enppi was established in January 15, 1978, the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation [EGPC] is the
principalshareholderowning97%ofthetotalsharesofEnppi.
VI. Petrosalam
Petrosalam is a joint venture company between the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt, the
Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation [EGPC] and the Arabian Oil Company [AOC] for exploration,
developmentandproductionofoilinsidetheNorthwestOctoberDevelopmentLease.
VII. SEGAS LNG
SEGASLNGisaliquefiednaturalgascomplex inDamietta,Egypt. Itislocated60kilometers[37mi]westof
PortSaid.ThenameSEGAScomesfromtheSpanishEgyptianGasCompany.
The LNG plant was ordered in 2000 and the construction works started in September 2001. The complex
came on-stream in December 2004 and the first cargo was load on 20 January 2005. When SEGAS LNG
becameoperational,itwasthelargestsingletrainLNGplantintheworld.
On 28 March 2005. Eni, BP, and EGAS signed a memorandum of understanding of construction of the
secondtrain.On19June2006,partnerssignedtheframeworkagreementfortheexpansionofthecapacity
of the LNG plant to 10 million tons per year. It was planned to be supplied from the Satis gas discovery in
theoffshoreNileDelta.However,theplanwaspostponedduelimitedgasreservesandincreaseddomestic
demandinEgypt.Theoutputcapacityoftheplantis5milliontonsofLNGperyear.Theinitialcapacitywas
designed to be 5.5 million tons of LNG per year. The complex includes theLNG liquefaction train, inlet gas
reception area [metering and analysis], natural gas liquids removal and fractionation area, a docking jetty
for tanker loading and transportation, LNG refrigerated storage and export facilities [tanks and booms],
utilitiesandsupportinginfrastructure[power, water androads],gasmeteringandtreatmentfacilities[acid
gas removal and dehydration], refrigerant condensate and LNG storage [two 150,000 m³ PC LNG storage
tanks].ThetotalinvestmentcostsoftheLNGcomplexwerearoundUS$1.3billion.
TheDamiettaLNGcomplexwasdesignedby KBRandconstructedby KBR,JGCCorporation,M.W.Kellogg
Limited and Técnicas Reunidas. Saipem constructed storage tanks while Dodsal Pte Ltd was the
subcontractor responsiblefor the construction of themechanical works ofLNG train. Theplant is supplied
by natural gas from the West Delta Deep Marine [WDDM] Concession Area about 140 kilometres [90 mi]
fromtheLNGcomplex. ItissuppliedbytheEgyptianNaturalGasCompanyHolding[EGAS].ProducedLNG
is exported mainly to the Spanish market via a new receiving terminal at Sagunto. 3.2 million tons of LNG
peryearistakenbyUniónFenosaGas.RestoftheLNGissoldbyEgyptianNaturalGasHoldingCompany.
In mid-2013 theLNG complex was temporarily shut due the lack of natural gas. The gas that had acted as
feedstockfortheplanthasbeendivertedtomaintaingassupplytoCairo.Itiscurrentlyunknownastowhen
[or whether] the plant may be restarted. The LNG complex is operated by SEGAS, which is controlled by

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UniónFenosaGas,ajointventureof UniónFenosaandEni.UniónFenosaGasowns80%ofSEGASshares.
MinorshareholdersaretheEgyptianNaturalGasHoldingCompany[EGAS-10%]andtheEgyptianGeneral
PetroleumCorporation[EGPC–10%].
VIII. Vegas Oil and Gas
VegasOilandGasS.A.isacompanybasedinEgyptfocusingonpetroleumexplorationandgasexploration.
Headquartered in Athens, but mainly operating from the Cairo suburb of Maadi. Vegas is owned by the
Vardinogiannisfamily.VegasisalsoalargeE&PgroupofcompanieswithassetsinUSA,EgyptandYemen.
It is 50% shareholder and operator of the NW Gemsa concession, Circle Oil have a 40% interest and Sea
DragonEnergyhavetheremaining10%.[3]OilproductionfromtheNWGemsaconcessionpeakedat9,000
bbl/d[1,400m3/d].[4]Allgascurrentlyproducedfromthefieldisflared,duetosub-economic,lowvolumes.
Vegasisa35%shareholderintheAlamElShawishWestconcession,withShellEgypt[operator,40%],GDF
Suez 25%. It is operator and 50% shareholder of the East Ghazalat concession [Western Desert], with
TransGlobeEnergyCorporationholdingtheremaining50%.
F O O D A N D B E V E R A G E S
I. The Coca-Cola Bottling Co. of Egypt S.A.E.
TheCoca-ColaBottlingCompanyofEgyptproducesbottlesanddistributesCoca-ColabrandproductsinEgypt
and surrounding regions. The company also produces Egypt juice products such as Cappy juice. It was
formerly known as El Nasr Bottling Company and changed its name to The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of
Egyptin1994.ThecompanyisbasedinCairo,Egypt.TheCoca-ColaBottlingCompanyofEgyptoperatesasa
subsidiaryofTheCoca-ColaCompany.
II. Juhayna Food Industries
Founded by Safwan Thabet in 1983, Juhayna Food Industries is a leading Egypt-based manufacturer
specializedintheproduction,processingandpackagingofmilk,yoghurt,juiceandjuiceconcentrate.
III. Enjoy - Nile Co. For Food Industries
Enjoy is recognized in Egypt and 19 othermarkets worldwideas oneof the leadingbrands of UHTmilk,fruit
juiceandyogurt.EstablishedinCairoin1982toproducearangeofqualitydairyandjuiceproductsunderthe
popular brand name. The company’s resources include factories for the production of Tetra Pak packaged
juices and dairy goods, glass bottled juices and yogurt, as well as three fully integrated departments for
financialmanagement,marketingandexporting.ThelineofproductsincludesNectars,NoSugarAddedJuice,
DoubleFlavorJuices,UHTMilk,FlavoredMilk,Yoghurt,ChocolatePudding,CreamCaramel,andAsepticPulp.
IV. Edita Food Industries S.A.E.
Edita Food Industries was established in 1996, and now is one of theleading FMCG companies in Egyptand
the Middle East. The company is well known for its strong brands like Molto, TODO, Bake Rolz, Bake Stix,
Mimix, HoHo's, Twinkies and Tiger Tail. Edita acts also as the sole regional distributor of several brands of
imported sweeteners, olive oils, & pasta. Edita is the market leader in the Croissant, Cakes & Bread snacks
categoriesinEgypt.EditabrandsarenowoperatinginEgyptandmorethan15othermarketsinMiddleEast
&Africa.
V. BiscoMisr
BiscoMisr is an Egyptian company specializing in baked goods. It was established in 1957 during Egypt’s
nationalization program as the Egyptian Company for Foods which has been the country’s main provider of
bakedgoodsandconfectionaryatthattime.Thecompanywasestablishedwiththepurposeofsupplyingthe
army and the national schools at the time, providing a quick energy snack for the soldiers in the barracks as
well as the school children on the playground. At the same time, BiscoMisr was the main confectionery
supplier for the local market. BiscoMisr was handed over from the public sector to the private sector at the
height of the revived privatization program in 2005. Since then, the company has seen a total makeover of
BiscoMisr’sname.

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The company was put up for partial sale in 1999 when the privatization process was on a roll. The private
investor bought a stake in the company but did not take an active management at the time. Just six years
later,onJanuary16, 2005,BiscoMisrwasfullyprivatized. Thenewshareholders took overthemanagement
inMay2005.
T E L E C O M M U N I C A T I O N
I. Etisalat Egypt
Etisalat Egypt is a subsidiary of Etisalat U.A.E., the sole telecommunications services provider in the United
ArabEmiratesfrom1976untilthearrivalofDu(telco)inFebruary2007,andthefirst3.5Gnetworkoperator
in Egypt. EtisalatEgypt is oneof 15serviceproviders managed by Etisalat in theMiddleEast, Asiaand Africa.
Etisalatgroupcurrentlyhas access to apotentialmarketofjustbelow1 billionsubscribers and todayEtisalat
services over 130 million subscribers including the totalnumber of fixed-line, Internet, mobile and television
from each of its subsidiaries. In November 2007, Etisalat Egypt upgraded to 3.75G which is the marketing
term for HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet access). Etisalat Egypt was the first mobile operator in Egypt to
offerDownlinkspeedsupto7.2Mbit/swhichistwotimesfaster than3.5Gdownlinkspeeds.EtisalatEgypt’s
2G and 3G network covers and serves 99% of the population in Egypt, with download speed reaching up to
84Mbit/s.
ThelicensewasboughtbasedonaconsortiumledbyEtisalatU.A.E.inJuly2006.Theownershipstructureof
thecompanyis:
 EtisalatU.A.E. 66%share
 TheEgyptianNationalPostAuthority 20%share
 DASHoldings 5%share
 DIFCLLC 5%share
 AlNabodahInvestmentCompany 1.5%share
 TechnicalInvestmentCompany 1.5%share
 andMawaridFinance 1%share
Thebiddingwentup to an all-timehigh reachingfinallyE£16.7 billion(US$3.1billion) and acquiring the3.5G
license as well. On September 12, 2006, it was announced that the network will be built by Ericsson of
Sweden,andHuaweiofChina,atacostofapproximately1.2billionUSdollars.Etisalatisoneofthreemobile
operators in Egypt and since it was acquired, it provided more than 3,000 job opportunities and is still
increasing in size. Despite entering the market late into the game, Etisalat was able to hit the 1 million
subscribersmarkonly50daysafterlaunchingonApril30,2007.
II. Mobinil
Mobinil(TheEgyptianCompanyforMobileServices)isoneofEgypt'sthreemobilephoneoperators.Founded
in 1998. The company is majority-owned and fully consolidated by Orange S.A., which owns 98.92% of the
sharesand1.08%freefloat. MobinilwasthefirsttelecomcompanytoreceiveISO14001 certificatein Egypt
and theMiddle East. Ithas also obtained official renewal of the ISO 14001 for thefifth consecutive year and
alsoobtainedthecertificationofOHSAS18001.
III. Vodafone Egypt
VodafoneEgyptisthelargestmobilephonecompanyinEgyptintermsofactivesubscribers.Itwaslaunched
in 1998 under its former name Click GSM. It covers various voice and data exchange services, as well as 3G,
ADSLandbroadbandInternetservices.VodafoneEgyptwasinitiallyheadquarteredinMaadi,Cairosince1998
and until 2003; when Vodafone moved its headquarters to the Sixth of October City. Currently, all of
Vodafone'scoreoperationsarerunfromVodafone'scampusattheSmartVillageTechnologyPark.InMarch
1998, the Egyptian Ministry of Telecommunications announced that MisrFone Group (of which Vodafone
owneda30%share)wasawardedthesecondlicenseforGSMoperationsinEgypt(underthebrandnameof
ClickGSM).ThisdecisionwaspartofthemovetoprivatizeandliberalizetheEgyptianmarketatthetime.The
first license had been given to the national incumbent which had launched the first mobile service in 1996
(the company is now Mobinil). In 2007, the telecommunications market in Egypt grew further and became

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morecompetitivewhenthethirdentranttothemarket,EtisalatMisr,wasawardedthethirdlicenseforGSM
operations.
InJanuary2007,Egypt’sNationalTelecomRegulatoryAgency(NTRA)awardedVodafoneEgypta15-year3G
license. In 2011, Vodafone became the market leader in terms of revenue share and with the largest
customerbase.VodafoneEgyptprovidesitsservicesforbothindividualsandenterprisesinEgyptfocusingon
telecommunicationservicesfromVoicetoDataandInternetservices.Aspartofthatstrategy,VodafoneEgypt
initially acquired 51% of Raya Telecom in September 2006 which offered a variety of resources that would
help Vodafoneexpand. Ithada geographically dispersed network within Egyptand asolid experiencein the
fixed-line data communication field. As Raya Telecom’s resources provided an ideal match for Vodafone’s
growth strategy, the remaining portion of Raya Telecom was acquired and, in June 2007 Vodafone Egypt
assumedfullownership.
IV. Telecom Egypt
TelecomEgyptorTelecomEgyptSAE(TE)isEgypt’smaintelephonecompany.Itstartedin1854withthefirst
telegraph line in Egypt. In 1998, it replaced the former Arab Republic of Egypt National Telecommunication
Organization (ARENTO). The company has a fixed-line subscriber base in excess of 12 million subscribers,
which makes it the largest fixed-line provider in the Middle East and Africa. Telecom Egypt acquired TEData
(formerlyGegaNet)inlate2001toactasitsdatacommunications andISParm.ThecompanyhasanotherIT
arm,Xceedcontactcenter-locatedinEgypt'sSmartVillage.TelecomEgypt’ssharesandGDRsaretradedon
the Egyptian Exchange and the London Stock Exchange. Telecom Egypt also owns 44% of Vodafone Egypt.
TelecomEgypthasadoptedthecontemporaryqualityintegrationtrendsandestablishedthequalitysectorin
2001,whichisnowpreparingthewholecompanytotaketheISO9001-2000certificate.
The government initiative that later became Telecom Egypt started as a telegraph line between the
Governorate of Cairo and the Governorate of Alexandria in 1854 built by the British Eastern Telegraph
Company. Egypt's first telephone line was installed between Cairo and Alexandria in 1881. In 1881, the
EgyptiangovernmentpurchasedtheEasternTelephoneCompanyandcreatedtheTelephoneandTelegraph
Authority. Under Law No. 107 of 1957, all assets of the Eastern Company and other telecommunications
providersweretransferredtotheMinistryofTelecommunications.Inthesameyear,PresidentialDecreeNo.
709 placed all wire and wireless communications under the jurisdiction of the Wire and Wireless
CommunicationsAuthoritywhichreportedtotheMinistryofTransport.TheArabRepublicofEgyptNational
Telecommunications Organization (ARENTO) was established in 1980 as an autonomous public utility
reporting to the Ministry of Transport. Via Law No. 19 of 1998, ARENTO was renamed Telecom Egypt and
turnedintoajointstockcompanyoverwhichthegovernmentmaintainedfullownership.
Telecom Egyptreplaced ARENTO in 1998 and theMinistry of Communications and Information Technology
wasfoundedinordertodevelopEgypt'sinformationandcommunicationstechnologyinfrastructure.In2001,
TelecomEgyptestablishedTEData,adataandcommunicationssubsidiary.Inthesameyear,TelecomEgypt
wasawardedalicensetobeginmobileoperationsinEgyptbutdeclined.Instead,TEpurchasedan8.6%share
inVodafoneEgyptin2003.TelecomEgyptgraduallyincreasedtheirholdingsinVodafoneEgyptuntiltheend
of2008,whentheirsharewas44.95%.Today,VodafoneEgyptrepresentsasignificantsourceofrevenuefor
Telecom Egypt. In November 2005, the Egyptian government launched an IPO of 20% of Telecom Egypt's
existing share capital. In 2006, the National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA) deregulated Telecom
Egypt's monopoly over domestic and international telephone service, and announced the potential for
another fixed-line operator. This initiative was put on hold due to economic pressure, and Telecom Egypt is
stillEgypt'sonlyfixedlineoperator.
Due to the government's 80% share in the company, Telecom Egypt is beholden to the Ministry of
Communications and Information Technology (MCIT) for allmajor decisions concerning finances, tariffs and
employment. The MCIT is seen by some to exert control over the National Telecom Regulatory Authority,
leading to potential conflicts of interest. In an interview published in May–June 2014, Telecom Egypt's CEO
saidthatthecompanywasawardedaunifiedtelecomslicenseinApril2014,buthesaidthatthiswouldlead
to a change in the relationship with VodafoneEgypt, in which Telecom Egypthas astake of justunder 45%.
Telecom Egypt will be able to offer mobile services under the terms of the new license, he said, and will be
usingnew4Gspectrumfrom2015, and thatwould leadto abreak-upoftherelationshipwith Vodafone,by
TelecomEgypteitherbuyingtherestoftheVodafoneEgyptstakeorsellingitsstaketotheVodafonegroup.

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TelecomEgyptisEgypt'sonlyfixed-lineoperator,andoneofthelargestintheMENAregionwithover9million
subscribersasof2009.Thecompanyoffersservicesintwocategories,retailandwholesale.Ontheretailside,
TelecomEgyptoffersaccessandvoiceservicesforhomeandenterprisesanddataservicesthroughTEData.
TE Data had a 61% market share in Egypt in 2009 and also operates in Jordan. TE Data offers additional
services through a collaboration with the Microsoft Live platform. Telecom Egypt is Egypt's only supplier of
wholesale services. The company leases broadband capacity as well as national and international
interconnection services in both data and voice. Telecom Egypt also provides infrastructure and transport
services, voice and data services, and hosting. Whole services accounted for 42% of revenues in 2009.
Telecom Egyptalso offers mobile services through itsstakeinVodafoneEgypt. Overall, Telecom Egypthas a
public monopoly over fixed landlines, provides 70% of internet service in Egypt, is the only provider of
international phone service, and provides connectivity to all mobile operators. Though Telecom Egypt has
recently applied to be a virtual network operator of mobile services in Egypt, perceived market domination
mightpreventadirectentryintothemobilephonemarket.
Telecom Egypt offers fixed-line voice services and mobile through their partnership with Vodafone Egypt.
They offer broadband internet and IPTV services as well as "enterprise-managed internet access, managed
networkservices,andoutsourcingofinformationandcommunicationtechnologiesservices".
Telecom Egypt offers wholesale services to domestic and international customers. Mobile operators inside
EgyptrelyonTelecomEgypt'snetworkandinfrastructurecapabilitiesforinternationalandwholesalecalling.
Internationally, Telecom Egypt is becoming a telecommunications and data hub between Asia, Africa, and
Western Europe. The TE North cable, built in collaboration with Alcatel-Lucent, is a40G underseacablethat
connects Abu Talat, Egypt, to Marseille, France, with branches to Jordan, Cyprus and branching units to be
usedforfurtherexpansion.Itbeganoperationinmid-2011.
BoardofDirectors
MohamedAbdelKaderSalem-Chairman
OsamaFouadYassin-CEO&ManagingDirector
SayedDesouky-Boardmember
TarekAboualam-Boardmember
KhaledSherif-Boardmember
AhmedAbdelHameedQamhawy-Boardmember
El-SayedMohamedElsayedEldessouky-Boardmember
EskandarTooma-Boardmember
TahaMahmoudKhaled-Boardmember
AhmedAbuAli-Boardmember
WaleedHassanGad-Boardmember
MohamedAttia-Boardmember
ExecutiveManagement
OsamaFouadYassin–CEO&ManagingDirector
SayedElghrabawi-SVPforInternational&Wholesale
TahaMashhour-VPforFinancialAffairs,Administration&HumanResources
MohamedAlfouly-VPChiefTechnicalOfficer
AhmedOssama-VP&ChiefCommercialOfficer,Home&PersonalCommunications
RefaatGeneidy-VPChiefRegionalOfficer
TamerGadalla-VP&EnterpriseChiefCommercialOfficer
V. Nilesat
Nilesat is an Egyptian company, and the name of a series of Egyptian communications satellites. It was
established in 1998 with the purpose of operating Egyptian satellites and their associated ground control
station and up linking facilities. The company is owned by the Egyptian Radio & Television Union with a 40
percentshare,theArabOrganizationforIndustrializationwitha10percentshare,theEgyptianCompanyfor
Investment Projects with a 9 percent share and the rest is owned by the general public, Egyptian financial
institutions andother investors. Thecompany has two ground stations, aprimary onein6th of October City

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and a secondary ground station in Alexandria. The two ground stations were built by EADS Astrium. Nilesat
operates multiple geosynchronous communications satellites all of which are stationed at 7 degrees west.
Nilesatincludesasof18January2008415videochannels,300ofwhicharefree-to-air.
VI. Orascom Telecom Holding
Global Telecom Holding S.A.E. (formerly Orascom Telecom Holding S.A.E.) is an international
telecommunicationscompanyoperatingGSMnetworksintheMiddleEast,Africa,Canada,andAsia.Itstarted
its operations in Egypt by launching the first Egyptian mobile operator Mobinil in 1998. On April 15, 2011,
VimpelCom Ltd. announced the closing of the combination of VimpelCom and Global Telecom/WIND
TelecomSpA.ThereforeVimpelComwillown,throughWINDTelecomSpA,51.7%ofGlobalTelecomHolding
SAE and 100% of WIND Telecomunicazioni SpA (WIND Italy) and will be the sixth largest mobile telecom
providerintheworld.
From 200,000subscribers in 1998 tomorethan 101 million subscribers, through its parentcompany “Wind
Telecom”, GlobalTelecom(GTH) established itself as aglobalbrand. Operating in eleven emergingmarkets,
thecompanyhasapopulationunderlicenseofapproximately517millionwithanaveragemobiletelephony
penetrationof approximately48% asofDecember2010.GlobalTelecomoperatesGSMnetworksinAlgeria
("OTA"),Pakistan("Mobilink"),Egypt("Mobinil"),Bangladesh("Banglalink"),Burundi(LeoBurundi),DRCongo
(SAIT) owned via Telecel International, Namibia(Leo Namibia), CentralAfrican Republic(Telecel CAR), North
Korea(“Koryolink”)anditsindirectequityownershipinTelecelZimbabwe(Zimbabwe).In2009,thecompany
was also awarded the management contract of one of the two Lebanese mobile telecommunications
operators("Alfa")fromthegovernmentoftheRepublicofLebanon.
• Industrial Zones in Egypt Source:IndustrialDevelopmentAuthority
Sr Industrial
Zone
Main
Industries
1 6OctoberCity
• Metal Industry • Machinery Industry
• Agricultural Machines • Hotels Equipment
• Security & Fire Alarm
• Lighting & Electronics
• Household Appliances
• Ref. & Air Conditioning • Cars & Nutritious
• Foodstuff Industry • Chemicals Industry
• Detergents, Disinfect • Paints and Pigments
• Insulating Materials • Fertilizers & Fodders
• Water Treatment • Glass Industry
• Indus. , Medical Gases
• Pharma & Cosmetics • Plastic Industry
• Paper Industry • Press Equipment
• Leather Industry • Tanneries Industry
• Wooden & Furniture • Textile Industry
• Construction Industry • Marble & Granite
• Packing & Packaging • Petroleum Industry
2 10th
ofRamadanCity
• Ref. & Air Conditioning
• Cars & Nutritious • Foodstuff Industry
• Chemicals Industry • Detergents, Disinfect
• Paints and Pigments • Insulating Materials
• Fertilizers & Fodders • Water Treatment
• Glass Industry • Indus. , Medical Gases
• Leather Industry • Wooden & Furniture
• Textile Industry • Construction Industry

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• Marble & Granite • Packing & Packaging
• Petroleum Industry
3 SadatCity
• Agricultural Machines
• Paper Industry • Wooden & Furniture
• Marble & Granite • Packing & Packaging
4 BorgElArabCity
• Hotels Equipment • Security & Fire Alarm
• Chemicals Industry • Detergents, Disinfect.
5 BadrCity
• Hotels Equipment • Security & Fire Alarm
• Water Treatment • Indus. , Medical Gases
• Paper Industry • Leather Industry
6 AlMahalaCity
• Metal Industry • Foodstuff Industry
• Glass Industry • Pharma & Cosmetics
7 ElObourCity
• Glass Industry • Pharma & Cosmetics

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• Plastic Industry • Paper Industry
• Press Equipment • Leather Industry
• Construction Industry
• Packing & Packaging
8 ElNobariaCity
• Foodstuff Industry • Fertilizers & Fodders
• Plastic Industry
9 15MayCity
• Cars & Nutritious • Chemicals Industry
• Water Treatment • Plastic Industry
• Paper Industry • Wooden & Furniture
• Textile Industry • Marble & Granite
10 AbouRawashCity
• Chemicals Industry • Paints and Pigments
• Fertilizers & Fodders • Glass Industry
11 ShobraElKhiemaCity
• Hotels Equipment • Plastic Industry
• Paper Industry • Textile Industry
12 ElAmeriaCity
• Metal Industry • Cars & Nutritious
• Paints and Pigments • Pharma & Cosmetics
• Plastic Industry • Wooden & Furniture
• Marble & Granite • Petroleum Industry
13 KaliobiaZone
• Household Appliances • Cars & Nutritious
• Insulating Materials • Fertilizers & Fodders
• Water Treatment • Glass Industry
• Pharma & Cosmetics
• Plastic Industry • Paper Industry
• Press Equipment • Leather Industry
• Construction Industry
• Packing & Packaging
• Petroleum Industry
14 DamiettaCity
• Machinery Industry • Agricultural Machines
• Lighting & Electronics • Foodstuff Industry
• Paints and Pigments • Fertilizers & Fodders
• Glass Industry • Plastic Industry
• Paper Industry • Leather Industry

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• Total Investments, workforce and number of projects by industry
Source:QIZ Egypt – Ministry of Trade and Industry
Sr Industry TotalInvestments
(EGP000s)
Total
Workforce
TotalNumberof
Projects
1 Food,DrinksandTobacco 96,196,270 329,393 7,212
2 Engineering,ElectronicsandElectricalIndustries 94,440,147 331,985 6,657
3 BasicChemicalsandProducts 120,269,780 251,065 4,406
4 TextileIndustries 46,229,102 503,725 7,413
5 ProductionandDistributionofElectricity 39,232,590 20,726 34
6 WoodIndustries 4,071,637 39,324 2,848
7 TransformativeIndustries 6,203,975 9,023 594
8 MineralIndustries 58,692,127 82,986 701
9 PaperProducts,PrintingandPublishing 18,026,791 79,995 1,943
10 PetroleumRefiningandGas 46,184,620 19,417 14
11 BuildingandCeramicandRefractoryMaterials 69,473,113 162,401 2,408
12 ExploitationofMinesandQuarries 476,694 6,421 53
13 ServiceandMaintenanceCenters 521,779 3,061 75
14 AnimalandVegetableProduction 194,617 1,783 22
15 CoalMiningandProcessingProjects 626,211 1,244 3
Sources
− CBEJun2015StatisticalBulletin
− CAPMAS
− EgyptStockExchange
− IndustrialDevelopmentAuthority
− QIZ Egypt – Ministry of Trade and Industry
− Forbes Middle East

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