This document describes the Caesar cipher encryption and decryption techniques. The encryption works by shifting each letter of the plaintext by a set number of positions determined by the shift key, so that 'A' shifted by 3 would become 'D'. Decryption is the reverse of this process, shifting letters in the ciphertext back by the same shift key amount to recover the original plaintext. The document provides an example of a shift key of 3 for encryption and explains that decryption undoes this process by shifting in the opposite direction.