INTRODUCTION, PROPERTIES AND TYPES OF GLASS

1. INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES OF GLASS
TYPES OF GLASS

2. INTRODUCTION
 Glass is a mixture of
metallic silicates like
pure sand, soda chalk
and an alkali metal.
 It is made with the
mixture of sand and
silicates in a very hot fire
stove called a kiln.
 It is a hard brittle,
transparent, translucent
material.

3. PROPRTIES OF GLASS
 Extremely brittle , transparent, translucent and
available in different colors.
 Has amorphous structure and no definite melting
point.
 Not easily affected by air or water and any chemicals.
 Absorbs and refracts light.
 Can be polished, welded by fusion ,cast into any
desired shape and modify its properties like hardness,
refractive power.

4. SODA-LIME GLASS
 Also known as Soda glass or
soft glass.
 A mixture of sodium silicate
and calcium silicate.
 Cheap and easily fusible at
comparatively low
temperature.
 Used in manufacture of glass
tube, bulbs, bottles and other
laboratory apparatus,
window glass etc.

5. POTASH- LIME GLASS
 Also known as hard glass
or Bahamian glass.
 A mixture of potassium
silicate and calcium
silicate.
 Does not melt easily
that’s why fuses at high
temperatures.
 Used in the manufacture
of combustion tube etc.

6. POTASH –LEAD GLASS
 Also termed as flint glass
 A mixture of lead silicate
and potassium silicate.
 Fuses easily and turns
black and opaque.
 Used in the manufacture
of lenses , prisms,
electric bulbs, artificial
gems etc.

7. COMMON GLASS
 COMMON GLASS-
 A colored glass that may
be yellow, green or
brown.
 A mixture of sodium
silicate, iron silicate and
calcium silicate.
 Does not fuses easily but
attacked by acids easily
 Uses in the manufacture
of medicine bottles.

8. COLOURED GLASS
 To produce colored glass,
coloring pigment is added
which is obtained from
metallic oxides, finely
divided metals, carbon,
salts of metal, sulphur ,
etc.
 Different colored glass
needs different quantities
of same substance.
 Used for window panels,
fancy articles, decorative
tiles , etc.

9. CROWN GLASS
 Slightly convex
 Free from color and has
finer surface
 Made by the process of
blow pipe
 Used for special articles

10. SHEET GLASS
 Made by blowing molten
glass in to a large hollow
cylinder which is split
longitudinally and then
flattened over a plane
disc.
 Used for all engineering
purposes.

11. PLATE GLASS
 Very strong and more
transparent
 Made by pouring hot
glass on casting table by
process of grinding ,
smoothing and
polishing.
 Used for looking glass,
large paned glass for
glazing of shop front ,
wind screen of vehicles.

12. PERFORATED GLASS
 Made with the help of
projections attached to
rollers.
 Used for panels in
ventilators

13. FLUTED OR RIBBED GLASS
 Corrugations on both
sides
 Variety of obscure glass
 Used for securing
privacy without
obstructing the light of
the sun

14. WIRED GLASS
 Wired mesh is put in the
glass while rolling during
manufacture of glass
which keeps the pieces
of glass held together.
 Do not shatter into
pieces.
 Used for fire resisting
doors and windows.

15. SHIEIDING GLASS
 Variety of polish lead
glass
 Contain lead oxide as
one of the elements
 Used for windows
through which high
radiations are to be
observed.

16. SAFETY GLASS
 A celluloid sheet is put
between two sheets of
plate glass and formed in
to one unit . Celluloid
sheet prevents
shattering of splinters
when glass breaks.

17. BULLET PROOF GLASS
 Do not allow bullet to
pierce through it.
 Made by sand witching
vinyl-resin plastic between
several layers of plate glass.
 Thickness of glass vary
from 15mm to 75mm or
even more.
 Used for glazing bank
tellers booths and cash
booths, jewellery stores,
display cases

18. CALOREX
 Also known as excluding
glass
 Heat exclusion property
 Opaque to ultra – violet
light
 Used in factories,
hospitals, kitchen etc.

19. INSULATING GLASS
 Very high resistance to
heat flow
 Provide insulating effect
 It is made of two or more
plates of glass separated
by 6mm to13mm of
dehydrated captive air.
 Edges are sealed of the
glass.

20. ULTRA – VIOLET RAY GLASS
 Made of raw mixture of
iron titanium and
chrome.
 Can transmit 75% of
ultra – violet radiation
more than common
glass.
 Widely used in window
pane.

21. LAMINATED GLASS
 When breaks , does not
fly off in splinters.
 Two or more sheets of
glass are attached with
plastic resin between
them.
 Ensures safety at places
where glass is liable to
shatter.

22. FIBRE GLASS
 Soft to touch and flexible
in nature.
 Made of minute glass rod
.
 Developed in in the form
of continuous strands or
in staple form.
 Used for chairs, roofs.

23. GROUND GLASS OR OBSURED
GLASS
 Made by grinding one
side of the glass or
melting powdered glass
upon it.
 Used where light is
required without
transparency therefore
useful for public toilet,
office doors, partition
etc.

24. TEMPERED PLATE GLASS
 Much stronger than
ordinary glass
 Made by glass plate
which is heated then
cooled to temper it
immediately.
 Used for glazed entrance
doors, making table
tops, shelves, counters
etc.

25. SOLUBLE GLASS
 Soluble in water
 Made by melting quartz
sand, grinding and
mixing it with soda ash,
sodium sulphate or
potassium carbonate.
 Used for making acid –
resistant cement.

26. FOAM GLASS
 Can be cut like wood
 Floats in water
 Fire proof, ,rigid and
excellent heat insulator.
 Glass and carbon are
finely ground and
mixture of both melted
in a furnace then takes
the form of a block foam.

27. GLASS WOOL
 It is available in loose
fibers, quilts, mats, rigid ir
semi rigid slabs.
 Thin fibers of glass which
are flexible and have high
tensile strength are spun
out of molten glass.
 Used as filter in air
conditioners for electric
insulation , for filtration of
corrosive liquids.

28. GLASS BLOCKS
 Hollow transparent units,
made by fusing together
two pressed semi – blocks.
 Sizes – 10cm thick and
15cm, 20cm, 30cm square
 Sealed edges with grit
bearing plastic so that a
good bond is provided
with mortar.
 Used in the construction of
non- load bearing external
panel walls and partition
walls, skylights, insulation.

29. MANISHA AGARWAL