1. DIPPING – descending but not at ischial spine
OB NURSING BULLETS IMPENDING DELIVERY – increase in bloody
show, rectal pressure, rupture of membranes, regular
and long contractions
RITGEN’S MANEUVER at crowning
FUNDAL HEIGHT AT UMBILICUS at 20 weeks
or 5 months gestation
Sexual intercourse OK anytime during pregnancy except for: HEMORRHAGE AND INFECTION – most
(+) PROM, pre-term labor, incompetent cervix and (+) important to check 24 postpartum
vaginal spotting COMPLETE CERVICAL DILATATION –
HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN termination of first stage of labor
(HCG) – responsible for a positive pregnancy test PLACENTAL DELIVERY – end of third stage of
FLUID RETENTION caused by elevated estrogen labor
and progesterone and also fatigue VITAMIN K – 1.0 mg for full terms, 0.5 mg for pre-
OXYTOCIN – produced by posterior pituitary gland terms
for uterine contractions CLINIC VISITS 12 TO 24 MONTHS – monthly
FUNDAL PRESSURE – aids in placental delivery if ROOMING IN – for maternal-infant bonding
mother is anesthetized
HCG PRIMARY FUNCTION – maintain corpus
GLOBULAR – uterus in 3rd stage of labor luteum during 1st trimester
CORD TRACTION AND FUNDAL PRESSURE DODERLEIN’S BACULLUS – maintains acidic
DANGER – inversion of uterus and avulsion of cord vaginal pH
AFTERCARE post PLACENTA DELIVERY – BTL – no lifting activities post surgery
comfort, dry clothing, perineal pads and linens
BSE SCHED – 5-7 days post menstruation
CHECK 4TH STAGE OF LABOR q15 – lochia,
MAMMOGRAPHY – dx of breast CA; yearly for 40s,
fundus, hematoma
biannual for 50y above
AVOID SEX if cervical mucus is clear and elastic (for
RADICAL MASTECTOMY – removal of breast/s,
contraception)
pectoral muscle, pectoral fascia, nodes
INTRAFALLOPIAN TRANSFER – for low sperm
VITAL SIGNS – most important 2 h postpartum
count
IUD INSERTION – done during menstrual days 1-4
IN-VITRO – for tubal occlusion
OVULATION PERIOD – 24-48 hours pre-ovulation
ANOVULATION – tx of Clomid or Parlodel
to 48 hours post ovulation
CERVICAL CAP – (-) spermicide pre-intercourse, can
OCPs – prevent ovulation
stay up to 24-48h, durable, contraindicated if with
abnormal pap smear CLOMID – stimulates oogenesis
IUD doesn’t protect against STDs LIGHTENING - decrease in fundal height due to a
change in shape of the abdomen a few weeks before
PROFUSE BLOOD LOSS – saturation of peripad
onset of labor
within 15 minutes and with pain sensation
HOME VISIT – for continuity of care
DISTENDED BLADDER inhibits uterine
contraction with increased risk of blood loss ABORTION – loss of fetus before viability (20 weeks)
FOR IMPENDING HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK INEVITABLE ABORTION – with dilated cervix
massage fundus if boggy, elevate legs from hips, IV line, THREATENED ABORTION – closed cervix,
oxygen at 8-10 l/min, stay with patient spotting and uterine cramping
PRE- LM – void HABITUAL ABORTION – consecutive abortions
FHR – priority post rupture of membranes THREATENED ABORTION – complete bed rest,
FHR FREQUENCY – beginning to beginning check vaginal bleeding and observe uterine contractions
ENDOMETRIOSIS – growth of endometrial tissue OVULATION – 14 days before menstruation (for a
outside the uterus; dx: lap and biopsy 28 day cycle); increased pH of cervical secretions, (+)
MITTLESCHMERZ; increase in BBT
DANOCRINE – menses stop, edema, weight gain,
anovulation PROLIFERATIVE – LH surge from anterior
pituitary gland
BBT – drop 0.2 F pre ovulation, increase 0.4 F post
ovulation AGE OF VIABILITY – at 5th month or 20-24 weeks
MOST ACCURATE BBT READING – OSSIFICATION OF BONES – at 10th lunar month
immediately after awakening and before arising FHT – Doppler at 3 weeks, fetoscope at 18-20 weeks
STRIAE GRAVIDARUM – abdominal stretches MC DONALD’S RULE – fundic ht in cm x 8/7 =
aog
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2. PRENATAL CHECKUPS – 1-7 mo once a month, TETANIC CONTRACTIONS – brought about by
8th mo 2/month, 9th q wk the overstimulation by oxytocin
PREGNANCY AS A MATURATIONAL CRISIS – DYSTOCIA – due to mechanical factors
due to hormonal and physiological changes occurring POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE – greater than
PROM – prone to infections 500 ml of blood loss
TAKING HOLD PHASE – focus is the infant CORTEX OF OVARIES – where developing
POST PARTUM BLUES – 4-5 days post partum follicles and the graafian follicles are found
ZYGOTE – cell that results from the fertilization of LABIA MINORA – forms the frenulum and prepuce
the ovum by a sperm of the clitoris
MITOSIS – cell division of the fertilized ovum FOURCHETTE – formed by the labia minora
OVULATION – rupture of the ovum from the tapering and extending posteriorly
graafian follicle RUGAE – thick folds of membranous stratified
MORULA – mulberry-like ball of cell that results from epithelium on the internal vaginal wall capable of
cleavage stretching during the birth process to accommodate
FUNDUS – where zygote normally implants delivery of fetus
IMPLANTATION – 7-10 days post fertilization EXTERNAL OS – location where squamocolumnar
junction is, pap smear location
EFFACEMENT – cervix becomes thinner
MYOMETRIUM – largest portion of uterus
GDM – carbohydrate intolerance induced by
pregnancy CORPUS – upper triangular portion of uterus
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF GDM – morbidity LH – testosterone production
common in newborn, infant may inherit a predisposing ESTROGEN – secreted by graafian follicle associated
to DM, higher perinatal death with spinnbarkeit and ferning
GDM NURSING INTERVENTIONS – liberal AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE – cystic fibrosis, tay-
exercise, acceptable diet at 30-35 kcal/kg of IDBW/day, sach’s disease, sickle-cell anemia
insulin as ordered, CBG monitoring CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING – detects trisomy
GLUCOSE – 18.02 mg/dl = 1 mmol 21, cystic fibrosis and tay sach’s
BREAST ENGORGEMENT – doesn’t last for MATERNAL AGE – indication for chorionic villi
greater than 24 hours sampling
MEFENAMIC ACID – anti-inflammatory RHOGAM – essential post-CVS or RH (-) mom;
PASSAGEWAY – structure of maternal pelvis refrain from sex 48h post-CVS
NITRAZINE PAPER TEST – urine vs. amniotic NEEDLE INSERTION SITE – most important
fluid; yellow vs blue factor affecting amniocentesis
PROM – check temperature MORNING AFTER PILL – prevent implantation of
the fertilized ovum; taken within 12h post-intercourse,
NONPREGNANT UTERUS – lined by
(+) slight nausea post-2d; not given to those with hx
endometrium
contraindications to OCPs
VULVA – externally visible structure of the female
COMBINED OCPs – inhibit FSH and LH
reproductive system extending from the symphysis
production
pubis to the perineum
ESTROGEN – causes sodium retention
AMPULLA – fertilization site
PARITY – indication for IUD use
ISTHMUS – site of sterilization
HX OF PRETERM LABOR – contraindication for
VAS DEFERENS – conduit for spermatozoa
IUD use
EJACULATORY DUCT – seminal fluid
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAM – done 2-6 days after
LEYDIG’S CELLS – synthesize testosterone menses
PROGESTERONE – increased activity of COVADE’S SYNDROME – way in which an
endometrial glands during luteal phase; increased basal expectant father can explore his feelings
metabolism, increased placental growth, development
RhOGAM – should be administered within 72h;
of acinar cells in the breast
destroys fetal RBCs to prevent antibody formation
ROUND LIGAMENT – (+) hypertrophy during
LEUPROLIDE – tx for endometriosis
pregnancy
AMPICILLIN – safest antibiotic for pyelonephritis
SPERM MOTILITY – best criterion for sperm
quality HYPOTONIC DYSTOCIA – monitor contractions
HYSTEROSAPINGOGRAPHY – introduction of MAGNESIUM TOXICITY – first sign is
radiopaque material into uterus and fallopian tubes to disappearance of knee-jerk reflex
assess for tubal patency IUD SIDE EFFECT – excessive menstrual flow
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3. IUD COMMON PROBLEM – spontaneous TX FOR FLUID RETENTION - adequate fluids
expulsion of device and elevation of lower extremities
IUD – provides contraception by setting up a non- FULL BLADDER – pre UTZ
specific inflammatory cell reaction in the endometrium NORMAL AMNIOTIC FLUID – clear, almost
OVULATION – occurs when LH is high colorless, containing little white specks
OCPs – causes breakthrough bleeding RESTRICT MOVEMENT – when an external fetal
POST COITAL TEST – best timed within 1-2 days monitor is being used
of presumed ovulation EARLY DECELERATION – FHT decreases just
TUBAL DEFECTS – are most often related to past before acme due to head compression
infections LATE DECELERATION – FHT decreases just
INFERTILITY – inability to become pregnant after a after acme caused by uteroplacental insufficiency; may
year of trying lead to distress
SIMS HUHNER (POST COITAL TEST) – VARIABLE DECELARATION – due to cord
determine the number, motility and activity of sperm compression
HYATIDIFORM MOLE – be alert for unusual LOCATION OF FUNDUS AFTER
uterine enlargement PLACENTAL DELIVERY – halfway between the
ECTOPIC PREGNANCIES – sudden lower right or symphysis pubis and the umbilicus
left abdominal pain radiating to the shoulders SLOW DEEP BREATHING – alleviates discomfort
TUBAL RUPTURE – sudden knifelike, lower during contractions
quadrant pain PANTING – during crowning
GERM PLASMA DEFECTS – causes most OCCIPUT POSTERIOR – causes low back pain
spontaneous abortions APPLICATION OF BACK PRESSURE – during
INCOMPLETE ABORTION – fetus is expelled but contractions to increase comfort
part of the placenta and membranes are not NPO – during second stage of labor because
FUNIS – umbilical cord undigested food and fluid may cause nausea and
AMNION – inner membrane that encloses the fluid vomiting, limiting the choice of anesthesia
medium for the embryo TRANSITIONAL PHASE – help client
FETUS – 8th week to birth retain/remain in control
12th WEEK – uterus becomes an abdominal organ POSITIONING DURING DELIVERY – legs
QUICKENING – first fetal movement felt by the elevated simultaneously to prevent trauma to the
mother uterine ligaments
GREATEST WEIGHT GAIN – in third trimester; UTERINE TETANY – observe carefully for this
2nd trimester: height and length during the induction of labor
PLACENTA – chief source of estrogen and PUSH WITH GLOTTIS OPEN – when fully
progesterone after the first 3 months dilated but (-) crowning
DUCTUS VENOSUS – has the highest oxygen EPISIOTOMY is done to prevent lacerations
content PUERPERAL INFECTIONS – 2 most important
DIAGONAL CONJUGATE – A-P diameter of predisposing factors to its development is hemorrhage
pelvic inlet and trauma during birth
BLOOD VOLUME INCREASE – 30-50% is PROLACTIN - stimulates secretion of milk from the
normal mammary glands
CHADWICK’S SX – purplish discoloration of vaginal SITZ BATH – promotes vasodilation, relieves
mucosa hemorrhoids
PHYSIOLOGIC ANEMIA – result of increased INFANT FEEDING – on demand; baby will soon
plasma volume of the mother develop a feeding schedule
CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN – causes nausea CLOSURE OF FORAMEN OVALE – after birth is
and vomiting caused by an increase in the pulmonary blood flow
PITUITARY GLAND – increase in melanotropin DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS – becomes the ligamentum
hormone causing dark nipples and linea nigra arteriosum
RH DETERMINATION - routinely performed on HEART RATE – primary critical observation in apgar
expectant mothers to predict whether the fetus is at scoring
risk for acute hemolytic anemia MECONIUM CHECK Q SHIFT – to keep limit
LEUKORRHEA – caused by elevated estrogen development of hyperbilirubinemia
ASSYMETRICAL MORO REFLEX – associated
with brachial plexus, cervical or humerus injuries
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4. STERILE INFANT INTESTINES – lack bacteria NEONATAL MORBIDITY - with low apgar score
necessary for the synthesis of prothrombin at 5 minutes post delivery
PKU SCREENING – measures protein metabolism HIV/AIDS INFANT – microcephalic, craniofacial
NORMAL REGURGITATION – in infants is features, persistent diarrhea
caused by an underdeveloped cardiac sphincter CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS – purulent
AMNIOCENTESIS – done to detect presence of conjunctivitis and pneumonia in infant
neural tube defects RETROLENTAL FIBROPLASIA – caused by high
PREMATURITY – contraindication for oxytocin oxygen concentration administered in premature
challenge test infants
UTEROPLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY – (+) SYPHILIS – asymptomatic newborn, VDRL test
CST HIP DYSPLASIA – asymmetric gluteal folds
PREGNANT ADOLESCENT – emphasize ERB’S PALSY – complication of breech delivery;
importance of consistent care flaccid arm with elbows extended; ROM exercises
PERINATAL MORTALITY – is 2-3 times greater in PRECIPITATE DELIVERY – increased risk for
multiple gestation than in single gestation intracranial hemorrhage and elevated ICP
HYPOTONIC UTERINE DYSTOCIA – is PATHOLOGIC JAUNDICE – appearance of
oftentimes caused by multiple gestation jaundice during the first 24 hours
PYELONEPHRITIS – observe for signs of PTL; DECREASED INFANT GFR – inability of the
antibiotic tx should be administered until urine is infant to concentrate urine and conserve water
sterile—2 (-) C/S RESPIRATORY DISTRESS – most common
CONCEALED HEMORRHAGE – causes preterm complication
abdominal pain associated with abruption placenta INFANT HYPOGLYCEMIA SX - tremors, periods
DIC/HYPOFIBRINOGENEMIA – causes of apnea, cyanosis and poor sucking
bleeding following sever abruptio placenta LARGER DM NEWBORNS – due to increased
ABRUPTIO PLACENTA – is most likely to occur in somatotropin and increased glucose utilization
women with pregnancy induced hypertension UTERINE AND OVARIAN ARTERIES – main
PLACENTA PREVIA – painless vaginal bleeding blood supply of the uterus
PAIN MEDS – are kept at minimum during PTL to ENDOMETRIOSIS – is characterized by painful
prevent respiratory depression menstruation and backache
ATONY OF THE UTERUS – due to overstretching RETROCOELE – is brought about by overstretching
is commonly caused by multiple gestation of perineal supporting tissues as a result of childbirth
OVERDISTENED BLADDER/HYDRAMNIOS COLUMNOSQUAMOUS JUNCTION OF THE
– may cause uterine atony INTERNALAND EXTERNAL OS – common site
POSTPARTAL HEMORRHAGE – rarely occurs as of cervical CA growth
a complication of uncomplicated gestational DIETHYLSTILBESTROL – management for
hypertension infertility
PIH – BP elevation of 30/15 mmHg from baseline on RADIUM REACTION – pain and elevated
2 occasions 6 hours apart temperature
EPIGASTRIC PAIN – subjective symptom of an DOXORUBICIN – inhibits RNA synthesis by
impending seizure binding DNA
ROLLING OF EYES TO ONE SIDE WITH A ESTROGEN RECEPTOR PROTEIN (ERP) –
FIXED STATE – objective sign of an impending evaluates potential response to hormone therapy
seizure BILATERAL OOPHORECTOMY – surgical
DANGER OF SEIZURE – ends in 48h postpartum menopause
in a woman with eclampsia CESSATION OF MENSES – is due to the inability
CORD COMPRESSION - birth hazard associated of the ovary to respond to gonadotropic hormone
with breech delivery BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE – via location of
GRAVIDOCARDIAC PT - cardiac acceleration in fundus
the last half of pregnancy; most compromised during HAASE’S RUELE – first 5 months: month2 = aog;
the first 48 hours after delivery; forceps delivery second half: month x 5 = aog
GDM DIET – balanced, to meet the increased dietary NAGELE’S RULE – LMP minus 3m +7d + 1y =
needs with insulin adjusted as necessary EDC
RENAL AGENESIS - funis with only two vessels DECIDUA BASALIS – placenta
DRUG WITHDRAWAL IN INFANT - irritability
and nasal congestion
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