Diabetes and Diabetic Care

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†gvevBj- +91-94341 69750/ +91-97330 96459
Diabetes er Mokabilay
(A Bengali Book on Diabetes and Diabetic care)
-by Dr.Partha pratim.
www.drparthapratim.com
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY t gvP© 2016
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Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †gvKvwejvq
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BwZnvm-6
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi iKg‡di-6
Wvqv‡ewUm cÖeYZv/ cÖ”Qbœ Wvqv‡ewUm/ Dc`ªenxb Wvqv‡ewUm/ Avbylw½K Wvqv‡ewUm/
cÖKU Wvqv‡ewUm
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi RwUjZv-7
†Pv‡Li mgm¨v/ wKWwbi mgm¨v/ Wvqv‡ewUm/ †ivMxi ü`‡ivM/ Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi mœvqyi
mgm¨v/ Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †c‡Ui mgm¨v/ Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v/ ey‡Ki mgm¨v/ ‡hŠb mgm¨v/
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi gvbwmK mgm¨v
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cixÿv wbixÿv-16
mxivg MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb-17
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi AviI me cixÿv-wbixÿv-18
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cixÿv wbixÿvi LiPcÎ-19
Bbmywjb-23
Bbmywjb ivLvi wbqg Kvbyb/ Bbmywjb KLb †b‡eb/ †`‡ni †Kv_vq Bbmywjb
Bb‡RKkb †b‡eb
nvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqv-26
KLb Wv³vi WvK‡eb-27
Lv`¨ Lvevi I Wvqv‡ewUm-27
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU/ mij I RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU/ ‡cÖvwUb/ wfUvwgb/ LvIqvi †Zj/ Zš‘
RvZxq Lv`¨
A¨vw›U Aw·W¨v›Um I Wvqv‡ewUm-33
fvZ, AvUv KZUv-34

fvZ bv iæwU Lv‡eb-35
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †hme Lvevi Gwo‡q Pj‡eb- 35
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †hme Lvevi ‡L‡Z cv‡ib- 35
Wvqv‡ewUm †gvKvwejvq e¨vqvg-36
nuvUv/ mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv/ muvZvi KvUv/ A¨v‡ivweK e¨vqvg/ gvwëwR‡g e¨vqvg/
†hvMe¨vqvg/ Lvwj nv‡Z e¨vqvg
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi A¨v‡jvc¨vw_K Ilya-43
Wvqv‡ewU‡m †nvwgIc¨vw_K Ilya -46
Wvqv‡ewU‡m ev‡qv‡KwgK Ilya-47
Wvqv‡ewU‡m Avqy‡e©w`K Ilya-49
†gè„w× I Wvqv‡ewUm-51
Wvqv‡ewUm I eøvW‡cÖmvi-54
Mf©eZxi Wvqv‡ewUm-56
†QvU‡ì Wvqv‡ewUm-57
Wvqv‡ewUm I eskMwZ-60
wek¦Ry‡o Wvqv‡ewUm-61
Wvqv‡ewUm I a~gcvb-62
Wvqv‡ewUm I g`¨cvb-62
ÔWvqv‡ewUmÕ-Kvi K_v ïb‡eb-63
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv wK Ki‡eb-64
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv wK Ki‡eb bv-64
Nyi‡Z ev †eov‡Z †M‡j-64
†ivMx‡ì Rvbv DwPZ Ggb wKQz Wv³vix cwifvlv-64
‡kl K_v-71
cvV‡Ki AwfgZ-72
†jLK cwiwPwZ-73

Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †gvKvwejvq
Wvqv‡ewUm GLb GK mycwiwPZ †ivM| Wvqv‡ewU‡m i‡³ kK©iv ev Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †e‡o
hvq| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì †`‡ni †Kvl¸wj GB AwZwi³ kK©iv †_‡K kw³ wb‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgv‡ì
†`‡ni AMœ¨vkq ev c¨vbwµqvm †_‡K †ewi‡q Avmv Bbmywjb bv‡gi GK ni‡gv‡bi KvRKvievi
wVK g‡Zv bv nIqvi Rb¨ GB AmyLwU n‡q _v‡K|
‡ivM jÿY
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î †iv‡Mi jÿY Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î wKfv‡e †`Lv †`‡e †mUv GK GK
†ivMxi †ÿ‡Î GK GK iKg| cÖv_wgK fv‡e wZbwU jÿY †ewki fvM †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î †`Lv
hvq| cÖvPxbKv‡ji ê`ïv‡Riv GB¸wj †_‡K gay‡gn kbv³ Ki‡Zb| Wv³vix fvlvq GB
wZbwU‡K gRv K‡i ejv nq 3p ejv nq| Polyuria (cwjBDwiqv-†ekxcÖmªve), Polydipsia
(cwjwWcwmqv-‡ekxZ…òv), Polyphagia (cwj‡dwRqv- †ekx ¶zav)| GQvovI Av‡iv wKQz jÿY
wewfbœ †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœfv‡e †`Lv †`q| †hgbÑ †`‡ni IRb K‡g Avmv, †ivMxi `ye©jZv
†eva, Aembœ Abyfe, Nv ev ÿZ ï‡Kv‡Z †ìx nIqv, †Pv‡Li `„wó K‡g hvIqv Av‡iv wewfbœ
ai‡bi jÿY †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
Wvqv‡ewUm Kx I †Kb nq Zv †evSvi Av‡M Avgv‡ì ‡`‡ni Lv`¨ cwicvK I nR‡gi
e¨vcviwU GKUz fv‡jvfv‡e ey‡S †bIqv ìKvi| Avgiv †hme Lvevi LvB Zv gyL †_‡K MÖvmbvjx
n‡q cvK¯’jx‡Z †cŠuQvq| gy‡L hLb Avgiv Lvevi¸wj
wPevB ZLb gy‡Li jvjvMÖwš’ †_‡K jvjvim †ewi‡q
G‡m Lv`¨‡K mij Kivi †Póv K‡i| cvK¯’jx‡Z
Lvevi †cŠuQv‡bvi ci Zv‡Z wewfbœ cvwicvKim wg‡k
Zv wKQzUv nRg nq| hK…Z †_‡K Avmv wcËim ev
evBj Lv`¨ cwicv‡K we‡kl f~wgKv †bq| †k‡l
Lv‡`ï nRg nIqv mij Aby ÿy`ªv‡š¿i †fZi w`‡q
i‡³ †g‡k| †cŠwóKZ‡š¿i †fZ‡i Lv‡`ï RwUj Ask
mij nIqv‡K e‡j cwicvK ev BsivwR‡Z WvB‡Rkb|
i³ Zvi msenb Z‡š¿i gva¨‡g †mB mij Lv`¨ Aby
†`‡ni †Kv‡l †Kv‡l ‡cŠu‡Q †`q| Gici nq wecvK A_©vr mij Lv`¨KYvi †fZ‡i _vKv
w¯’wZkw³‡K Aw·‡R‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv †f‡O kixi Zvc I MwZkw³ jvf K‡i| ‡`n
†Kvl GBme mij Lv`Äby †_‡K kw³ I cywó †c‡q _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm n‡j Avgv‡ì
†`n Møy‡KvR ev kK©iv †_‡K wVKg‡Zv Zvc ev MwZkw³ cvq bv| ZvB GB †iv‡M i‡³ Møy‡KvR ev
kK©ivi cwigvY †e‡o hvq| †`Lv †`q wewfbœ iK‡gi DcmM©| wPwKrmv weÁv‡bi †Pv‡L
Wvqv‡ewUm‡K ejv nq AšÍtÿiv I wecvKxq ÎæwURwbZ †ivM(Endocrin and Metabolic
Disorder)| G †iv‡Mi Wv³vix bvg Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm (Diabetes Mellitus) | evOjvq
gay‡gn| A‡b‡K G‡K fzj K‡i eûg~Î e‡jb| gay‡gn I eûg~Î GK †ivM bq| `yÕwU †iv‡Mi
jÿ‡Yi g‡a¨ A‡bKUv wgj i‡q‡Q| `yÕwU †iv‡MB evi evi ev †ewk cwigv‡Y cÖmªve nq| `yÕwU
†ivMB ni‡gv‡bi M‡Ûv‡Mv‡j nq| Z‡e gay‡gn‡Z g~‡Î kK©iv ev myMvi _v‡K| Avi eûg~‡Î

myMv‡ii cwie‡Z© A¨vjeywgb, BD‡iUm, AKR¨v‡jU, dm‡dU _v‡K| Wv³vix fvlvq eûg~Î‡K
e‡j Wvqv‡ewUm BbwmwcWvm (Diabetes Insipidus)| GB †ivM Lye Aí †jv‡Ki g‡a¨B †`Lv
hvq| GB eB‡Z Avgiv Wvqv‡ewUm ej‡Z Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm A_©vr gay‡gn‡KB †evSve|
BwZnvm
whïLx‡ôi R‡b¥i cÖvq †ò nvRvi eQi Av‡M cÖvPxb wgkixq cÎ wjwc‡Z Wvqv‡ewU‡mi
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi D‡jøL cvIqv hvq| †mLv‡b ejv n‡qwQj ‘To Great Emptying of the Urine’
HwZnvwmK‡ì g‡Z GUv Wvqv‡ewUm Gi cÖ_g weeiY| fviZxq wPwKrmKiv Wvqv‡ewUm‡K
wPwýZ K‡ib gay‡gn wn‡m‡e| †ivM wbY©‡qi Rb¨ Zuviv jÿ¨ ivL‡Zb †ivMxi cÖmªv‡e wcuc‡o
AvK…ó n‡”Q wKbv| Wvqv‡ewUm Ôev †ewi‡q hvIqv kãwUÕ cÖ_g D‡jøL cvIqv hvq Lxóc~e© 220-
†Z MÖxK wPwKrmK A¨v‡cv‡jvwbqvm †ggwdm- Gi eY©bvq| †ivgvb wPwKrmK M¨v‡jb Zvi eY©bvq
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e wZwb wj‡L‡QbÑ Zuvi wPwKrmvRxe‡b wZwb gvÎ `yBwU †ivMxi
mÜvb †c‡q‡Qb| 1400-1500 Lxóv‡ã fviZxq Avqy‡e©` kv‡¯¿i Ab¨Zg cÖ‡YZv PiK I
mykÖæZ G †iv‡Mi wel‡q D‡jøL K‡ib| †gwjUvm (gay †_‡K) kãwUi cÖ_g D‡jøL K‡ib weªUb
Rb (Briton Jhon)| wZwb Wvqv‡ewUm BbwmwcUvm †_‡K Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm‡K Avjv`vfv‡e
kbv³ K‡ib| 1921-1922 mv‡ji g‡a¨ KvbvWvi †d«‡WwiK evbwUs (Frederick Banting) I
Pvj©m †e÷ (Charles Best) Bbmywjb Avwe®‹v‡ii ci Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUv‡mi AvaywbK wPwKrmv
ïiæ nq|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi iKg‡di
Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e `yÕfv‡M fvM Kiv nq| GKwU n‡jv UvBc Iqvb ev
Bbmywjb wbf©i Wvqv‡ewUm Avi GKwU UvBc Uz ev Bbmywjb wbi‡cÿ Wvqv‡ewUm| UvBc Iqvb ev
Bbmywjb wbf©i Wvqv‡ewU‡m AMœ¨vk‡qi †h †Kvl¸wj Bbmywjb Drcv`b K‡i Zv cy‡ivcywi
A‡K‡Rv n‡q c‡o| UvBc Iqvb Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †eu‡P _vK‡Z †M‡j Zv‡K wbqwgZ Bbmywjb
wb‡Z nq| A_©vr Zvi †eu‡P _vKvUv evB‡i †_‡K Bbmywjb mieiv‡ni Ici wbf©i K‡i|
GKvi‡YB UvBc Iqvb Wvqv‡ewUm‡K e‡j Bbmywjb wW‡cÛ‡W›U Wvqv‡ewUm †gwjUvm(Insulin
dependent Diabetes mellitus IDDM)| Gai‡bi e¨vwa 15 †_‡K 20 eQi eq‡mi Av‡MB
†`Lv †`q|
UvBc Uz Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î AMœ¨vkq †_‡K Bbmywjb †ei nq Z‡e Zvi
cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq Kg| GB ai‡bi †ivMxiv evB‡i †_‡K Bbmywjb bv wb‡qI wbqwgZ e¨vqvg,
Lvevi`vevi wbqš¿Y I mvgvb¨ wKQz Ilya †L‡q w`we¨ my¯’ mejfv‡e †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡ib|
†mKvi‡Y UvBc Uz Wvqv‡ewUm‡K e‡j bb Bbmywjb wW‡cÛ‡W›U Wvqv‡ewUm(Non Insulin
dependent Diabetes mellitus IDDM)| GB e¨vwa †gvUvgywUfv‡e 35 eQi eq‡mi ci †`Lv
w`‡q _v‡K|
Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡Mi jÿY, ZxeªZv, cÖeYZv, fwel¨r m¤¢vebv Gme wKQzi Ici wePvi K‡i
wPwKrmv weÁvbxiv Wvqv‡ewUm‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i‡QbÑ

1) Wvqv‡ewUm cÖeYZv (Pre- Diabetic State)- GLb †bB wKš‘ A`~i fwel¨‡Z n‡Z cv‡i
Zv‡K wcÖ-Wvqv‡ewUK Ae¯’v e‡j| †`Lv †M‡Q hgR fvB ev †ev‡bi GKR‡bi Wvqv‡ewUm _vK‡j
Aci R‡bi †mB cÖeYZv _v‡K| gv-evev `yÕR‡bi GB †ivM _vK‡j A_ev evev- gv †h †Kv‡bv
GKR‡bi Ges Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv wbKU AvZ¥x‡qi G †ivM _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î gay‡g‡n AvµvšÍ nIqvi
m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
2) cÖ”Qbœ Wvqv‡ewUm (Latent Diabetes)- A‡b‡Ki †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq ¯^vfvweKfv‡e my¯’
_vK‡jI we‡kl we‡kl kvixwiK Amyweavi mgq Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †e‡o hvq| G‡K e‡j cÖ”Qbœ
Wvqv‡ewUm| wKQzw`b a‡i AZ¨šÍ gvbwmK Pvc, Awb`ªv, †`‡n RxevYyi msµgY, e‡ov ai‡bi
mvwR©K¨vj Acv‡ik‡bi ci, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gwnjvi Mf©eZ©x Ae¯’vq gay‡gn †`Lv †`q| GB
ai‡bi Wvqv‡ewUm kvixwiK I gvbwmK Ae¯’v š^vfvweK n‡q †M‡j ax‡i ax‡i K‡g Av‡m|
3) Dc`ªenxb Wvqv‡ewUm (Chemical Diabetes)- Kv‡iv Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq i‡³
Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †_‡K †ewk, wKš‘ Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †Kvb iKg DcmM© †hgbÑ iv‡Z evi
evi cÖmªve, wccvmv, `ye©jZv Gme wKQz _v‡K bv| G †ivM‡K Wv³vieveyiv e‡jb †KwgK¨vj
Wvqv‡ewUm|
4) Avbylw½K Wvqv‡ewUm (Secondary Diabetes)- Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Amy‡Li DcmM© wnmv‡e
KL‡bv KL‡bv Wvqv‡ewUm †`Lv †`q| AMœ¨vk‡qi †ivM, `xN©w`b †Kv‡bv Ilya e¨env‡ii Kzdj,
wjfv‡ii †Mvj‡hvM Gme Kvi‡Y †m‡KÛvwi Wvqv‡ewUm n‡Z cv‡i|
5) cÖKU Wvqv‡ewUm (Clinical Diabetes)- G ai‡bi Wvqv‡ewU‡m †ivMjÿY c~Y©fv‡e
cÖKvk cvq| evi evi wccvmv, ZvovZvwo wL‡` cvIqv, w`‡b iv‡Z Nb Nb cÖmªve, IRb K‡g
hvIqv, `ye©jZv, `„wókw³ K‡g hvIqv, †Pv‡L Qvwb cov, Kve©v¼j I KvUv `vM mn‡R ï‡Kvq
bvÑ G iKg Av‡iv eû Amyweav †`Lv †`q| mvaviYfv‡e Wvqv‡ewUm ej‡Z g~jZ wK¬wbK¨vj
Wvqv‡ewUm‡KB ‡evSvq| G †iv‡Mi wPwKrmv cÖ_g †_‡KB mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi RwUjZv
†QvU †ejvq Vv¤§vi Kv‡Q ï‡bwQjvg Ôev‡N Quy‡j AvVv‡iv Nv; cywj‡ki QwÎkÕ|
cieZ©xKv‡j Wv³vix Ki‡Z G‡m †`Ljvg Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cvjøvq co‡j G‡Kev‡i evnvËi
DcmM©| `xN©w`b nvBeøvW myMv‡i fzM‡j eû iKg RwUjZv G‡m kix‡i evmv euv‡a| Avm‡j
Wvqv‡ewU‡m †KD gviv hvb bv; hviv gviv hvb Zuviv Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †W‡K Avbv wewfbœ RwUjZvq|
Wvqv‡ewUm n‡j Kx bv nq| †hgb- ü`‡ivM (Cardiovascular Disease), gM‡Ri †ivM
(Cerebrovascular Disease), cv‡qi †ivM (Peripheral Vascular Disease), †Pv‡Li
mgm¨v (Cataract / Retinopathy/ Glucoma), mœvqyi mgm¨v (Diabetic Neuropathy),
wKWwbi mgm¨v (Diabetic Nephropathy, Micro/Macro Albuminia), †c‡Ui
mgm¨v(Atonic Constipation), ey‡Ki mgm¨v(Respiratory Tract Infection), Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v
cÖmªv‡ei mgm¨v(Urinary Tract Infection), †hŠb mgm¨v (Erectile Dysfunction /
Candidiasis ), gy‡Li mgm¨v, gvbwmK mgm¨v (Pleasure Principle) , M‡f©i ev”Pvi mgm¨v
(Macrosomic Baby) Av‡iv KZ Kx...|

‡`‡n Møy‡KvR ˆZix n‡”Q I Zvi †ewkifvM i‡³B †_‡K hv‡”Q| †`n †Kv‡li †Zgbfv‡e
Kv‡R jvM‡Q bv| i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv †e‡o †M‡j i‡³i NbZ¡ ev‡o| g~‡Îi mv‡_ cÖPzi cwigvY
myMvi †ei K‡i w`‡qI wb¯Ívi cvIqv hvq bv| i³ Zvi NbZ¡ eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ †Kvl †_‡K Rj
†U‡b †bq| d‡j †Zóv cvq| Rj †ewk K‡i ‡L‡j †Zóv Kg‡e; wKš‘ cÖmªv‡e †mB Rj Avevi
†ewi‡q hv‡e| cÖmªv‡e ïay †h myMvi †ewi‡q hvq Zv bq, †ek wKQz jeY cÖmªv‡ei g‡a¨ w`‡q
†`‡ni evB‡i †ewi‡q hvq| i‡³i NbZ¡ †ewk n‡j i³bvjxi †Ìqv‡ji Mv‡q †Kv‡j‡÷ij
Rgvi m¤¢vebv ev‡o| i‡³i NbZ¡ I †Kv‡li NbZ¡ `yÕiKg nIqvi d‡j †Kvl¸wj wVK g‡Zv KvR
Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †hLv‡b i³bvjx¸wj m~² ch©v‡q _v‡K †mLv‡b wewfbœ iKg Amyweav †`Lv †`q|
Gi cÖfve c‡o gw¯Í®‹ ev †eªb, †PvL, wKWwb, ü`hš¿ I Ab¨vb¨ me A½- h‡š¿| i‡³ I †Kv‡li
evB‡i kK©iv †ewk _vKvi d‡j RxevYyiv evowZ Lv`¨ †c‡q mwµq n‡q I‡V| d‡j †h †Kvb
ai‡bi RxevYyi Bb‡dKkb ev msµgY `ªæZ Qwo‡q c‡o|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi `xN©w`b _vK‡j i‡³ kK©ivi cwigvY †ewk gvÎvq _vK‡j †`‡ni wewfbœ A½
cÖZ¨‡½ i³bvjx¸wji wKQz cwieZ©b N‡U _v‡K Avgiv Wv³vwi fvlvq hv‡K ewj f¨v¯‹zjvi †PÄ
(vascular change)| †Qv‡Uv-‡Qv‡Uv i³bvjx‡Z GB iKg cwieZ©b n‡j Zv‡K ewj ÔgvB‡µv
f¨v¯‹zjvi †PÄÕ| Gi d‡j †Pv‡Li †iwUbv, wKWwb wewfbœ bvf© ev mœvqy ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| eo eo
i³bvjx‡Z `xN©‡gqv`x cwieZ©b n‡j Zv‡K ejv nq Ôg¨v‡µv fv¯‹zjvi †PÄÕ| Gi d‡j n„`hš¿ ,
gw¯Í¯‹ ev †eªb cv‡qi eo eo wkiv agbx‡Z Amyweav †`Lv hvq| i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j
i³ - bvjxi †fZ‡ii †Ìqv‡j wKQz cwieZ©b †`Lv hvq| †fZ‡ii w`‡Ki †Ìqvj LmL‡m ev
Agm„Y n‡q c‡o Gi d‡j †fZ‡ii †Ìqv‡j Lvivc †K¬v‡j‡÷ij, UªvBwMømviBW Giv bvjxi
†fZ‡i mn‡RB Rg‡Z _v‡K Ges i³ PjvP‡ji c_‡K miæ K‡i †`q | A‡bK mgq i³
PjvPj eÜ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| i³ PjvP‡ji iv¯Ív miæ K‡i †Ìqvi NUbv‡K Wv³vwi fvlvq ewj
ÔA¨v‡_‡ivm&†K¬‡ivwmm&Õ| hv‡ì Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q Zv‡ì A¨v‡_‡ivm&‡K¬‡ivwm‡mi m¤¢vebv A‡bK
†ewk| Gevi Wvqv‡ewU‡mi RwUjZv wb‡q GKUz Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvKÑ
†Pv‡Li mgm¨v
i‡³i kK©ivi gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j Kg eq‡mB †Pv‡L Qvwb c‡o| †Pv‡Li mn‡RB msµgb
nq †PvL jvj n‡q hvIqv †PvL w`‡q Rj cov †Pv‡L cuyR nIqv mKvj‡ejv Nyg †_‡K IVvi mgq
`y‡Uv †Pv‡Li cvZv AvU‡K hvIqv GiKg DcmM© †`Lv hvq| †Pv‡Li cvIqvq A_©vr Pkgvi
cvIqvi NbNb evo‡Z ev Kg‡Z _v‡K ‡Pv‡Li ‡iwUbv ev Awÿc‡Ui mgm¨v †`Lv hvq| †Pv‡Li
gvivZ¥K e¨vwa Møy‡Kvgv‡Z AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †ivMx‡ì †ekx _v‡K| Gm‡ei
g‡a¨ me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K †ivM nj †iwUbvi †Mvjgvj hv‡K e‡j Wvqv‡ewUm †iwU‡bvc¨vw_| hw`
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì nvBeøvWmyMv‡ii mv‡_ nvBeøvW‡cÖmvi _v‡K Zvn‡j †Pv‡Li †iwUbvi _vKv
m~²- m~² i³bvjx ev i³RvjK ¸wj ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq | A‡bK mgq G¸wj wQu‡o hvq ev Gu‡K †eu‡K
hvq i‡³iGKUv Ask ev i³im i³bvjx †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m †iwUbv‡Z Rgv n‡Z _v‡K| hv‡K
cÖPwjZ K_vq ewj †iwUbvi Rj Rgv | Gi d‡j nVvr K‡i †Pv‡Li `„wókw³ GK`g bó n‡q

†h‡Z cv‡i| A‡bK mgq †Pv‡Li Awÿ †Mvj‡Ki †fZ‡ii cÖ‡Kvô ev wåwUªqvm †P¤^v‡i i³ R‡g
`„wókw³ nVvr K‡i †jvc †c‡Z cv‡i|
‡Pv‡Li mgm¨v †_‡K euvPevi Dcvq :-
1). huv‡ì Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q Zviv cÖwZ Q gvm ci-ci GK
evi K‡i †Pv‡Li Wv³vi †`Lv‡eb|
2). ‡Pv‡Li cvIqvi gvcvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Ac_¨vj‡gv‡¯‹vc hš¿
w`‡q ‡iwUbvi nvj nwKKr cixÿv Kiv Riæwi|
3). hv‡ì nvBeøvWmyMv‡ii mv‡_ nvBeøvW‡cÖmvi I Av‡Q
Zviv Av‡M †_‡KB †Pv‡Li e¨vcv‡i mveavb n‡eb| cyiv‡bv
Pkgv w`‡q covïbv Ki‡Z ev `~‡ii wRwbm †`L‡Z Amyweav
n‡j Zv‡K D‡cÿv Ki‡eb bv| Ah_v mgq bó bv K‡i †Pv‡Li Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q hv‡eb|
wKWwbi mgm¨v
Wvqv‡ewUm †_‡K wKWwbi mgm¨v Kxfv‡e ‰Zix nq Zv †evSvi Av‡M Avgv‡ì †`‡ni
wKWwb wK KvR K‡i †mUv GKUz †R‡b †bIqv fv‡jv| Avgv‡ì †`‡ni †fZ‡i ey‡Ki LuvPvi bx‡P
†gvUvgywU wc‡Vi w`K †Nu‡l Wvb I evg cv‡k `ywU wKWwb _v‡K evsjvq hv‡K e‡j Ôe„°Õ|
cwicvK nIqv Lv`¨ KYv i‡³i gva¨‡g hLb †Kv‡l †Kv‡l †cuŠQvq, Zvici †Kvl¸wji †fZi
†mB Lv‡`ï mv‡_ Aw·‡Rb wg‡k kw³ Drcbœ nq| GB kw³ Drcbœ nIqvi e¨vcviUv‡K e‡j
wecvK| GB wecvK wµqvq Ggb wKQz c`v_© Drcbœ nq
†h¸wj †`‡ni g‡a¨ _vK‡j wewfbœ welwµqv n‡Z cv‡i|
wKWwb cÖmªv‡ei g‡a¨ w`‡q ‡mB welv³c`v_©†K †`‡ni
evB‡i †ei K‡i †`q| G‡ÿ‡Î wKWwb A‡bKUv i³
cwi¯‹v‡ii QuvKwbi g‡Zv KvR K‡i | wKWwbi g‡a¨ Lye
m~² m~² i³bvjx _v‡K| i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ewk
_vK‡j GB i³bvjx¸wj ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| i³‡K QuvKwb
Kivi †h cÖwµqv Zv evav cÖvß nq| wKWwb mwVK fv‡e
KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| GB Amyweav‡K e‡j Wvqv‡ewUK
†b‡d«vc¨vw_| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì wKWwbi m~² m~² Kjv
I †Kvl¸wj‡Z Bbmywjb Lye Kg cwigv‡Y Av‡m Gi d‡j †Kv‡l kK©ivi gvÎv evo‡Z _v‡K|
Bbmywj‡bi Afv‡e GB kK©iv‡K e„‡°i †Kvl¸wj mwVK fv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡ibv|
†hme m~² gvB‡µvA¨vjeywgb g~‡Îi mv‡_ †e‡iv‡Z _v‡K cieZ©xKv‡j eo gv‡ci
A¨vjeywgb ev g¨v‡µvA¨vjeywgb g~‡Îi mv‡_ †`‡ni evB‡i †ei n‡q hvq| A¨vjeywgb n‡jv
GKai‡bi ‡cÖvwUb; GB †cÖvwUb cÖmªv‡ei Øviv †ewk gvÎvq †ei n‡q †M‡j †ivMxi nvZ cv ‡dv‡j
kixiUv †dvjv †dvjv jv‡M| cv‡qi cvZvq Av½yj w`‡q Pvc w`‡j wKQzÿ‡Yi Rb¨ M‡Z©i g‡Zv
n‡q hvq| wKWwbi i³ QuvKwb Kivi ÿgZv AviI †ewk K‡g †M‡j i‡³ BDwiqv wµ‡qwUwbb

gvÎv †e‡o hvq| †ivMx Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í wKWwb †djB‡qvi ev †ibvj†djB‡qvi w`‡K GwM‡q hvq|
Ae¯’v GiKg n‡j ZLb Wvqv‡jwmm Kiv Qvov Dcvq _v‡Kbv|
kix‡ii †iPb c`v_© †`‡ni evB‡i †ei K‡i †ÌqvB wKWwbi Ab¨Zg KvR GB KvR 15
†_‡K 20% evavcÖvß n‡j †Zgb †KvbI Amyweav †`Lv †`qbv| wKš‘ hw` 80% evavcÖvß nq
Z‡e Zv‡K †ibvj †djB‡qvi e‡j| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î †ibvj†djB‡qvi nIqvq †ivMxi wKWwb e`j
ev †ibvj UªvÝcø¨v›U Ki‡Z nq|
wKWwbi mgm¨v †_‡K euvPvi Dcvq:-
1). Wvqv‡ewUK †bª‡d«vc¨vw_ AvUKv‡Z †ivMx I Zvi cwievi‡K cÖ_g †_‡K mZK© n‡Z n‡e|
2). wbqwgZ i‡³ kK©ivi cixÿvi mv‡_ eQ‡i AšÍZ `yÕevi i‡³i BDwiqv I wµ‡qwUwbb cixÿv
Kiv ìKvi| Gi mv‡_ eQ‡i AšÍZ `y evi cÖmªv‡ei gvB‡µvA¨vjeywgb cixÿv K‡i †`L‡Z
n‡e|
3). Wvqv‡ewUK †ivMx ivbœvq jeY Kg _vKv ìKvi| †KvbI Ae¯’v‡ZB cv‡Z jeY Lv‡eb bv|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi ü`‡ivM
wewfbœ mgxÿv †_‡K Rvbv hvq hv‡ì Wvqv‡ewUm i‡q‡Q †mBme †ivMx†ì 65% gviv hvb
BmwKwgK ev K‡ivbvix nvU©wWwR‡m| Av‡MB e‡jwQ Wvqv‡ewUm AvµvšÍ †ivMx‡ì g‡a¨ i³bvjx
miæ nIqvi cÖeYZv ev A¨v_‡iv‡K¬‡ivwm‡m&i m¤¢vebv †ekx| i³bvjx miæ n‡q †M‡j n„rwcÛ
¯^vfvweK wbq‡gB ‡`‡ni i³ mieivn ¯^vfvweK ivL‡Z †Póv K‡i| †m Kvi‡Y i³bvjxi Dc‡i
Pvc ev‡o, ev‡o i³Pvc ev nvBeøvW†cÖmvi| G †_‡K †`Lv hvq wewfbœ iKg RwUjZv|
Avgv‡ì ürwcÛ mviv kix‡i i³ mieivn K‡i | Zvi wb‡Ri KvR Kvievi cwiPvjbvi
Rb¨ ZviI cywó I Aw·‡R‡bi ìKvi nq| †hgbÑ evwoi evev, evwoi mevi Rb¨ Avbymvw½K
Lvevi †RvMvo K‡ib| †mfv‡e evev‡KI Lvevi †L‡Z nq| ürwc‡Û cywó I Aw·‡Rb mieivn
K‡i K‡ivbvix agbx| A¨v_‡iv‡K¬‡ivwm‡mi d‡j
K‡ivbvix agbx miæ n‡q †M‡j ür†ckx‡Z mwVK fv‡e
cywó I Aw·‡Rb †cuŠQvq bv| †`Lv †`q wewfbœ iKg
RwUjZv; G‡KB e‡j BmwKwgK nvU© wWwRm&| ¯^vfvweK
gvby‡li ‡_‡K Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì BmwKwgK nvU©
wWwRm& nIqvi m¤¢vebv `yÕ †_‡K wZb Myb †ekx|
Wvqv‡ewUm _vK‡j ev i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv †ekx n‡j mœvqy
ev bv‡f©i KvRKg© evavcÖvß nq| A_©vr †`‡ni wewfbœ
A½ ev h‡š¿ †`Lv †`q AmvoZv| Gid‡j e¨_v, ¯úk©,
VvÛv-Mig cÖf…wZ wVKg‡Zv †evSv hvq bv| nvU©
A¨vUv‡Ki AvMvg jÿY n‡jv ey‡K I evu-nv‡Z e¨_v,
hv‡K Avgiv Wv³vix fvlvq ewj ÔA¨vbRvBbv †c‡±vwimÕ(Angina pectoris)| G e¨_v Rvwb‡q
†`q nvU© A¨vUvK n‡Z hv‡”Q| Zv‡Z †ivMx Wv³vieveyi civgk© g‡Zv Av‡M †_‡KB mveavb n‡Z

cv‡ib| G‡Z wKQzUv n‡jI wec` Gov‡bv hvq| †`Lv †M‡Q †hme †ivMxi gay‡gn Av‡Q, Zviv
†ekxifvM †ÿ‡Î nvU© A¨vUv‡K cÿvNvZ ev c¨vivwjwm‡mi wkKvi nb| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î BmwKwgK
nvU© wWwRm& _vK‡jI Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv ey‡Ki e¨_v ev ÔA¨vwÄbv†cÖ±vwimÕ Abyfe K‡ib bv|
d‡j †Kvb DcmM© QvovB nVvr K‡i nvU© A¨vUvK nq| †hb webv †g‡N eRªcvZ| Gi d‡j nVvr
K‡i †ivMx nvU© A¨vUv‡K gviv hvq| Avm‡j Avgv‡ì †`‡ni wewfbœ A½- cÖZ¨‡½i e¨_v †e`bv
mœvqyi g‡a¨ w`‡q gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠQ‡j Avgiv †mB e¨_v Abyfe Kwi| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì A‡bK
†ÿ‡Î GB mœvqyiv ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q c‡o d‡j ey‡Ki e¨_vi Lei mwVK mgq gw¯Í®‹‡K †cŠuQvq bv|
ü`h‡š¿i Wvb Awj‡›` Av‡Q GKwU †QvÆ AÂj| hvi bvg mvB‡bv AwiKzjvi †bvW (Sino-
Auricular Node; S.A.Node) | GLvb †_‡KB wbw`©ó Q‡›ì ê`y¨wZK Zi½ mg¯Í Awj›` I
wbj‡q Qwo‡q c‡o; hv ü`h‡š¿i ms‡KvPb cÖmviY NUvq| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi d‡j A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î
mvB‡bv AwiKzjvi †bvW †_‡K ê`y¨wZK ms‡KZ mgq g‡Zv ür‡cwki me As‡k †cuŠQ‡Z cv‡i
bv| ür¯ú›`b Lye `ªæZ, Lye axi ev AwbqwgZ n‡Z _v‡K| Gfv‡eB nvU© eøK n‡Z cv‡i|
ü`‡ivM cÖwZKv‡ii Dcvq:-
1). BmwKwgK nvU© wWwmR iæL‡Z Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì i‡³i ‡Kvj‡÷ij I UªvBwMømvivBWÕ
wbqwgZ cixÿv Kiv I Gme wbqš¿‡Y ivLv ìKvi|
2). ey‡Ki euv w`‡K e¨_v n‡j †mUv‡K KLbB AeÁv Kiv wVK bq| †ewk †ìx bv K‡i ü`&‡ivM
we‡klÁ ev KvwW©IjwR‡÷i Kv‡Q hvIqv ìKvi| cÖ‡qvRb co‡j BwmwR I Kvjvi Wcjvi
cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi mœvqyi mgm¨v
Wvqv‡ewUK †ivMx‡ì 25 †_‡K 30% †ÿ‡Î mœvqy ev bv‡f©i mgm¨v †`Lv hvq| i‡³
kK©ivi cwigvY `xN©w`b a‡i †ewk _vK‡j †`‡ni m~² mœvqy †Kvl¸wj wVKg‡Zv Aw·‡Rb I cywó
cvq bv| d‡j mœvqy †Kvl¸wj ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| me‡P‡q †ewk
ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq mœvqy‡Kv‡li Ic‡i _vKv AveiYx Kjv ev gvBwjb
AveiYx| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi d‡j mœvqyi ÿwZ n‡j †ek K‡qK
iK‡gi Amyweav †`Lv hvq| GB Amyweav‡K wPwKrmv weÁv‡b
wewfbœ iK‡g fvM Kiv nq| nvZ I cv‡qi cÖvwšÍK
mgm¨v¸wj ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡j, nvZ cv wSgwSg Kiv nvZ I cv‡q
R¡vjv, wKQzÿY e‡m _vK‡j nvZ cv Aek fve ÑGgb wKQz DcmM© †`Lv hvq | gw¯Í®‹ †_‡K †h
mœvqy¸wj `~‡i _v‡K, †hgb- nvZ-cv; GLvbKvi mœvqweK mgm¨v‡K e‡j
Ô†cwi‡divjwbD‡ivc¨vw_Õ| Gi d‡j nvZ I cv‡qi †Rvi K‡g Av‡m| nvZ w`‡q wKQz †jLv ev
aiv Gme KvR Ki‡Z Amyweav nq| A‡bK mgq cv‡q gvivZ¥K e¨_v Abyfe n‡Z cv‡i|
Avgv‡ì ürwc‡Ûi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY, gj-g~‡Îi †eM G¸wj ¯^qswµq mœvqyZš¿ Øviv
wbqwš¿Z nq| GB ¯^qswµq mœvqy Wvqv‡ewU‡mi c‡i ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡j †`‡n wewfbœ iKg Amyweav
†`Lv †`q| A‡bK †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq †m hLb ï‡q _v‡K ZLb Zuvi i³Pvc wVK _v‡K;

wKš‘ em‡j ev ùvov‡j i³Pvc nVvr K‡i K‡g hvq| d‡j ZLb Zvi gv_v†Nv‡i, †Pv‡L AÜKvi
jv‡M ÑGB mgm¨v‡K Avgiv Wv³vwi fvlvq ewj ÔcmPvivj-nvB‡cv‡UbkbÕ| g~Î_wji mœvqy¸wj
wbD‡ivc¨vw_‡Z AvµvšÍ n‡j †ivMxi cÖmªve a‡i ivLvi ÿgZv K‡g hvq| RvgvKvc‡o hLb ZLb
cÖmªve n‡q _v‡K|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi mœvqy Amyweavi cÖwZKvi:-
1). Wvqv‡ewUm wbD‡ivc¨vw_ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ Av‡M †_‡KB †ivMx‡K mZK© n‡Z n‡e| mvgvb¨
Amyweav †`Lv gvÎB wbD‡ivjwR‡÷&i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kiv ìKvi|
2). iv‡Zi Ny‡gi g‡a¨ hv‡ì nvZ-cv R¡vjv K‡i Wv³vieveyiv Zv‡ì Mfxi Ny‡gi Ilya †`b|
GQvov hw` cv‡qi wkiv ev Dcwkivq e¨_v _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î †ivMx‡K A‡bKmgq †cbwKjvi Ilya
†L‡Z nq|
3). wPwKrm‡Ki mv‡_ civgk© K‡i Wvqv‡ewUm wbD‡ivc¨vw_i †ivMxiv wbD‡ivwfUvwgb ev
wfUvwgb we Kg‡cø· U¨ve‡jU †L‡Z cv‡ib| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î Bb‡RKk&b wb‡Z nq|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †c‡Ui mgm¨v
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì g‡a¨ †ewki fvM ‡ÿ‡ÎB †c‡Ui †Kvb bv †Kvb †Mvjgvj †`Lv
†`q| cvK¯’jx, ¶z`ªvš¿, e„n`š¿, hK…r, Lv`¨bvjx wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨‡½ Wvqv‡ewUmRwbZ Amyweav
†`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Avm‡j GB Amyweav¸wj ‰Zix nq ¯^qswµq
mœvqyZ‡š¿i †Mvj‡hvM †_‡K| hv‡K e‡j Wvqv‡ewUK A‡Uv
wbD‡ivc¨vw_ ms‡ÿ‡c (DAN) RwbZ mgm¨v w`‡Z cv‡i| GB
ÔW¨vbÕÑGi d‡j †`‡ni †h mKj A½- cÖZ¨½ Avcbv
Avcwb P‡j ‡hgbÑ ürwc‡Ûi ms‡KvPb cÖmvib, Lv`¨bvjxi
ch©vq µwgK ms‡KvPb Ô†cwi÷vjwmmÕ (Peristalsis) AviI
wKQz evavcÖvß nq| Lv`¨bvjxi ms‡KvPb mwVK fv‡e bv n‡j
A‡bK mgq †ivMxi k³ Lvevi wMj‡Z Amyweav nq| Kv‡iv
†ÿ‡Î ewg Avmv, †XuKzi IVv, Mv †Mvjv‡bv, †cU dz‡j _vKv Ggb A‡bK Amyweav †`Lv hvq
Wv³vwi fvlvq hv‡K Avgiv ewj ÔMÖv‡÷v‡c‡ivwmm Wvqv‡ewUK †Kvig&Õ| nRg nIqv Lv`¨KYv
Avgv‡ì ¶z`ªvš¿ †_‡K i‡³ wg‡k hvq| A_©vr Avgiv gyL w`‡q ‡h Lvevi LvB Zv MÖvmbvjx-
cvK¯’jxi g‡a¨ w`‡q mij AYy‡Z cwiYZ nq| ‡mB mij Lv`¨ ¶z`ªv‡š¿ _vKv wfjvB AveiYxi
g‡a¨ w`‡q i‡³ wg‡k hvq| i³ †mB mij Lv`¨KYv ev cywó kix‡ii †Kv‡l-†Kv‡l †cuŠ‡Q †`q|
ÔW¨vbÕ -Gi d‡j ¶z`ªvš¿- e„n`‡š¿i ms‡KvPb cÖmviY mwVK fv‡e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Gi
d‡j A‡š¿i wfZi w`‡q gj wVKg‡Zv m‡i †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Gid‡j †KvbI †KvbI Wvqv‡ewUm
†ivMx RwUj †Kvôe×Zvq †fv‡Mb| Avevi Kv‡iv Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì cÖvqB cvZjv cvqLvbv
†j‡M _v‡K| ÔW¨vbÕ-Gi d‡j wcË_wji bovPov K‡g †M‡j, wcË_wj‡Z cv_i n‡Z †`Lv hvq|
A‡bK mgq wcË_wj‡Z ev MìeøvWv‡i e¨_v nq hv‡K e‡j Ô†Kv‡jwm÷vBwU©mÕ| `xN©w`b a‡i
eøvW- myMvi †ewk _vK‡j hK„r ev wjfv‡ii KvR Kvievi wVKg‡Zv n‡Z cv‡i bv| hviv g`¨cvb

K‡ib Zv‡ì RwÛ‡mi m¤¢vebv cÖej| hviv g`¨cvb K‡ib bv Zv‡ì †ÿ‡ÎI Ôbb-
A¨vj‡KvnwjK w÷qv‡Uv‡ncv‡UvwcmÕ †_‡K RwÛm n‡Z cv‡i|
†c‡Ui †Mvjgvj cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvq:-
1). Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †ivMx‡ì †c‡Ui †Mvjgvj mviv‡Z cÖ_g †_‡K hZœ †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb|
2). cvi‡j cvK¯’jx I Aš¿ we‡klÁ ev ÔM¨v‡÷Gb‡›UvjwR÷Õ Gi civgk© wb‡Z n‡e|
Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v ev w¯‹b cÖe‡jg LyeB ¯^vfvweK| i‡³ kK©ivi
gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j Pvgov †dvjv, PzjKwb, Nv Gme n‡Z _v‡K| †h †KvbI ÿZ ev Nv mn‡R
ï‡Kv‡Z Pvq bv| Z¡‡Ki Dci mn‡RB QÎvK msµgY ev dvsMvj- Bb&‡dKkb nq| A‡bK mgq
cyiæl I gwnjv‡ì †hŠbv‡½i Z¡‡K QÎvK msµgY ev dvsMvj- Bb‡dKkb †`Lv w`‡q _v‡K|
Qzwj, PzjKwb, †k¦Zx, wfwU‡jv‡Mv, †mvwiqvwmm Gme AmyL nIqvi m¤¢vebv Wvqv‡ewUK †ivMx‡ì
†ewk _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewUm †_‡K m„wó nIqvi Pg©‡ivM‡K Wv³vix fvlvq Avgiv ewj ÔWvqv‡ewUK
Wv‡g©vc¨vw_Õ|
Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvq:-
1). Wvqv‡ewUK Wv‡g©vc¨vw_ iæL‡Z †ivMx‡K Aek¨B cwi®‹vi
cwi”Qbœ _vK‡Z n‡e| wbqwgZ mœvb Ki‡Z n‡e| RvgvKvco
cwi¯‹vi ivLv ìKvi| we‡klZ AšÍ©evm; †hgb- †MwÄ,
Rvw½qv, eªv, c¨vw›U G¸wj ‡hb †KvbI Ae¯’v‡ZB gqjv bv
_v‡K|
2). huviv Wvqv‡ewUm Wv‡gv©c¨vw_‡Z AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Qb Zuviv
memgq mywZi RvgvKvco ci‡eb| cv‡qi ‡gvRvI †hb mywZi
nq| Lye Auv‡Uvmv‡Uv ev UvBUwdU RvgvKvco bv civq fv‡jv| Gai‡bi †ivMxi †cvkvK AvkvK
n‡e wX‡jXvjv|
3). MigKv‡j mœv‡bi Av‡M I kxZKv‡j mœv‡bi ci fv‡jv ewW A‡qj gvLv ìKvi| Z¡K ev
Pvgov hw` AZ¨waK Ng©v³ ev †Zj‡Z‡j nq, ‡m‡ÿ‡Î †Zj bv †g‡L †ivMx †Mvjvc Rj ev
A¨vj‡Kvnj w`‡q gvwjk Ki‡e|
ey‡Ki mgm¨v
Av‡MB evievi e‡jwQ i‡³ myMv‡ii gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j †`‡n †ivM
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai ÿgZv K‡g hvq| hviv Wvqv‡ewU‡m AvµvšÍ Zv‡ì ey‡Ki
†fZ‡i _vKv wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ mn‡RB weM‡o hvq| ey‡K g~jZ k¦vmh‡š¿
msµgY †ewk †`Lv hvq| hv‡ì eqm †ewk I Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q Zuv‡ì
†ÿ‡Î mn‡RB VvÛv jv‡M| eª¼vBwUm, wbD‡gvwbqv AviI A‡bK
nvRviI Sv‡gjv nvwRi n‡Z cv‡i| hÿv, wUwe, dzmdz‡m †duvov ev jv¼ A¨ve‡mm& AviI eû
Amyweav †`Lv †`q| hv‡ì Kg eq‡m eª¼vBwUm ev wbD‡gvwbqv n‡qwQj; Zv‡ì eqm Kv‡j

Wvqv‡ewUm n‡j Avevi †mB Amyweav¸wj wd‡i Av‡m| A‡bK mgq Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì ey‡K
Rj Rg‡Z ev nvB‡Wªv‡_viv· n‡Z cv‡i|
ey‡Ki mgm¨vi cÖwZKvi:-
1). Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì k¦vmh‡š¿ msµgY ev †P÷ Bb‡dK&k‡bi wel‡q mZK© _vKv DwPZ|
Mig †_‡K nVvr K‡i VvÛvq hv‡eb bv| kixi †N‡g _vK‡j mivmwi Gwm iæ‡g hv‡eb bv| kixi
hw` †N‡g _v‡K Avcbv‡K hw` Gwm iæ‡g XzK‡ZB nq Zvn‡j cÖ_‡g Xz‡K wKQz †m‡KÛ †_‡K
†ewi‡q Avmyb, Zvici Avevi XzKzb|
2). Mi‡gi w`‡b wd«‡Ri Rj Lv‡eb bv| kixi †N‡g _vK‡j cÖ_‡g nvIqv †L‡q VvÛv nb Zvici
Rj Lvb|
3). Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì nvjKv Mig R‡j mœvb KivB fv‡jv|
‡hŠb mgm¨v
i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv `xN©w`b a‡i †ewk _vK‡j Wvqv‡ewUm
†ivMx‡ì `v¤úZ¨ ev †hŠb Rxe‡b Zvi cÖfve c‡o| cyiæl‡ì
†hŠb wj½‡K †X‡K _vKv Pvgovq (Prepuce) wewfbœ iK‡gi
msµgY †`Lv hvq| GB Pvgov †d‡U †d‡U hvq, PzjKvq,
A‡bK mgq e¨_v K‡i| gwnjv‡ì †ÿ‡Î †hvwbi Z¡‡K QÎvK
ev dvsMv‡mi msµgY n‡Z †`Lv hvq, hv‡K Wv³vwi fvlvq
e‡j K¨vbwWwWqvwmm (Candidasis)| Gi d‡j gwnjv‡ì
†hŠbv‡½ PzjKwb I R¡vjv n‡Z †`Lv hvq|
cyiæl‡ì †hŠb wj‡½i g‡a¨ wZb mvwi we‡kl iK‡gi gvsm‡ckx _v‡K| GB †ckxi g‡a¨
AmsL¨ †QvU †QvU wkiv, Dcwkiv i‡q‡Q| †hŠb D‡ËRbvi mgq GBme wkiv, agbxi g‡a¨ w`‡q
i³ `ªæZ ‡e‡M cÖevwnZ nq| d‡j †hŠbwj½ †mvRv I k³ n‡q I‡V| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi d‡j GB me
agbx‡Z (†cbvBj AvU©vwi) i³ PjvPj mwVK fv‡e n‡Z cv‡ibv| †m Kvi‡Y A‡bK mgq
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì wj½ D‡ËRbvi mgq †mvRv I k³ nq bv| d‡j †hŠbwgj‡b AÿgZv
Av‡m| hv‡K cÖPwjZ fvlvq e‡j aŸRf½ ev (Impotant)| GB aŸRf½ †_‡K Wvqv‡ewUm
†ivMx‡ì gvbwmK Aemv`, g`¨cv‡b AvMÖn, AvZ¥wbf©iZvi Afve AviI eû DcmM© †`Lv w`‡Z
cv‡i|
‡hŠb mgm¨vi cÖwZKvi:-
1). Gme †ÿ‡Î Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †ivMxi Ô†g›Uvj KvDwÝwjsÕ -Gi
cÖ‡qvRb nq|
2). †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î †cwbmcv¤ú, f¨vKzg mvKkb wWfvBm GBme hvwš¿K wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb
n‡q _v‡K| B`vwbs †cbvBj cÖ‡¯’wmm& bv‡g GK ai‡bi Acv‡ikb Pvjy n‡q‡Q| GBme
Acv‡ik‡b cyiæl‡ì wj‡½i †fZi we‡kl ai‡bi bj ev wUDe ewm‡q †Ìqv nq|
†hŠbwgj‡bi mgq †mB b‡j B‡”Qg‡Zv nvIqv f‡i †hŠb Kvh© Kiv hvq|

Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi gvbwmK mgm¨v
Av‡MB e‡jwQ Wvqv‡ewUm †_‡K cy‡ivcywi †m‡i IVvi †Kvb wPwKrmv cØwZ GLbI †mfv‡e
Avwe®‹…Z nqwb| Z‡e mwVKfv‡e wbqg †g‡b Pj‡j Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv fv‡jv _vK‡Z cv‡ib|
Wvqv‡ewUm †h‡nZz `~iv‡ivM¨ e¨vwa †m Kvi‡Y Wvqv‡ewUm aiv co‡j A‡b‡KB gvbwmK fv‡e
†f‡O c‡ob| fve‡Z _v‡Kb Zvi RxebUv eywS †kl n‡q †Mj, Rxe‡b Avi wKQz Kivi †bBÑ
GQvovI Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì gvbwmK Pv‡ci †ek wKQz KviY i‡q‡Q| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi d‡j
Lvevi`vevi, Pjv‡div, Rxebhvc‡b †ek wKQz wewawb‡la †g‡b Pj‡Z nq| GB wewawb‡la
A‡b‡KB mn‡R gb †_‡K †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡ibv| d‡j g‡bi wecixZ ¯^Ëv¸wji mv‡_ jovB †e‡a
hvq| g‡bi my‡Li m~‡Î (Pleasure Principal) e¨vNvZ N‡U| Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g‡a¨ my¯’
fv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi GK A`g¨ B”Qv i‡q‡Q| i‡q‡Q
evavnxbfv‡e Avb›` Dc‡fvM Kivi evmbv| Wvqv‡ewUm
†ivMxi GB `yÕB evmbvi mv‡_ msNvZ ïiæ nq| d‡j gvbwmK
Pvc ev‡o| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi myMvi wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq
Ggb wKQz Ilya †L‡Z nq hv †_‡KI wW‡cÖkb ev gvbwmK
Aemv` Avm‡Z cv‡i|
Avgv‡ì gw¯Í‡®‹ `yBwU fvM Av‡Q| Zvi GKUv‡K e‡j
†mwieªvj K‡U©R| GB †mwieªvj K‡U©R †_‡KB Avgv‡ì wePvi, eyw×, hyw³ mewKQz wbqwš¿Z nq|
G Kvi‡Y G‡K A‡b‡K jwRK¨vj K‡U©· e‡jb| Av‡iKwU Ask‡K e‡j wjw¤^K †eªb (Limbic
Brian)| GB wjw¤^K †eªb †_‡K Avgv‡ì Av‡eM, D”Q¡vm, fv‡jvevmv, †cÖg ÑGBme Av‡m|
Avgiv †QvU‡ejvq hv wKQz wkwLÑ covïbv, RvgvKvco civ, K_vejv, nuvUvPjv GmeB †mwieªvj
K‡U©‡R fiv _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î hyw³-eyw×i mv‡_ Av‡eM D”Q¡v‡mi msNvZ ‡e‡a
hvq| d‡j †`Lv hvq wewfbœ iK‡gi Amyweav| wjw¤^K †eªb I †mwieªvj K‡U©‡Ri g‡a¨ MÛ‡Mv‡ji
d‡j Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv A‡bK †ÿ‡Î gw¯Í‡®‹i Zvj wgj nvwi‡q †d‡jb| †hgb Avgv‡ì
myexieveyi K_v aiv hvK&Ñ Zvi eøvWmyMvi (P.P) 350 mg/dl Gi Ic‡i| †m Kvi‡YB
Wv³vievey Zv‡K wewfbœ iK‡gi wewawb‡la w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi †mwieªvj K‡U©R Rv‡b GLb Zvi †Kvb
Ae¯’v‡ZB wgwó LvIqv hv‡ebv| Avevi Zvi wjw¤^K †Rvb ej‡QÑ hv bv‡i, GKUv †L‡j wK Avi
n‡e! †kl‡gl myexievey wd«R Ly‡j KvRy- eiwdwU †L‡qB †dj‡jb| djvdj hv nIqvi ZvB nj
Gfv‡e wKQz w`b Pjvi ci Ae¯’v Ggb RvqMvq †cuŠQ‡jv †h †ekwKQz w`b nvmcvZv‡jB ï‡q
_vK‡jb myexievey|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi gvbwmK Amyweav Kgv‡Z n‡j:Ñ
1). Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì gvbwmK Pvc Kgv‡Z wbqwgZ a¨vb ev †gwW‡Ukb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi
mv‡_ wbqwgZ †hvM e¨vqvg †Zv Pj‡eB| a¨v‡bi d‡j gw¯Í‡®‹i wjw¤^K†Rv‡bi KvR Kvievi
wKQzUv mwVK nq|

2). a¨v‡b A¨vWªwibvwjb (Addrinalin) I KvwU©Rj ni‡gv‡bi wbtmib K‡g| GB `yÕwU ni‡gvb
Kg wbtm„Z n‡j GKw`‡K †hgb gvbwmK Pvc K‡g Av‡m, Ab¨w`‡K i‡³i myMv‡ii gvÎv wbqš¿‡Y
_v‡K| hviv wbqwgZ a¨vb K‡ib Zviv A‡bK †ewk mvejxj I Pvcgy³ _v‡Kb|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cixÿv wbixÿv
Kv‡iv Wvqv‡ewUm n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbvi mnR cØwZ nj Zvi i‡³i kK©iv ev Møy‡Kv‡Ri
gvÎv cixÿv Kiv| Avgv‡ì †`‡ki †QvU eo kni I MÖv‡gi wewfbœ c¨v_jwRKvj j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z
GB cixÿv n‡q _v‡K| GB cixÿvi LiPI †Zgb †ewk wKQz bq| mvaviY gvby‡li mxgv-mv‡aï
g‡a¨B Av‡Q|
i‡³i myMvi cixÿv Kiv †gvUvgywU wZbwU c×wZ cÖPwjZ Av‡QÑ
1. Lvwj †c‡U ev dvw÷s eøvW myMvi ms‡ÿ‡c hv‡K (F.B.S)
e‡j|
2. LvIqvi `y- N›Uv c‡i ev †cÖv÷c¨vwÛqvj eøvW- myMvi ev
(P.P.B.S.)
3. hLb ZLb ev i¨vbWvg eøvW- myMvi ev (R.B.S)
Avcbvi Wvqv‡ewUm n‡q‡Q wKbv †mUv Rvbvi me‡P‡q wbf©i †hvM¨
cixÿv nj Lvwj †c‡U ev dvw÷s eøvW myMvi gvcv| †ivMxi Wvqv‡ewU‡mi ZxeªZv ev gvÎv evo‡Q
bv Kg‡Q †mUv Rvbvi Rb¨ LvIqvi c‡i (P.P) cixÿvB me‡P‡q fv‡jv c×wZ| hviv e¨¯Í gvbyl,
i³cixÿvi Rb¨ wVKg‡Zv mgq my‡hvM K‡i DV‡Z cv‡ib bv; Zviv w`‡bi †h †Kvb mgq i³
†`b ev i¨vbWvg eøvW myMvi cixÿv K‡ib|
dvw÷s eøvW myMvi cixÿv Kivi Av‡M K‡qKwU welq g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| †hgbÑ i³
†Ìqvi Av‡M 8 †_‡K 10 N›Uvi g‡a¨ †KvbI Lvevi LvIqv Pj‡e bv| H mgq a~gcvbI eÜ
ivLv DwPZ| 8 N›Uvi g‡a¨ †KvbI e¨vqvg, nuvUvnvwU, †ewk cwikª‡gi KvR Ki‡eb bv| H
mg‡qi g‡a¨ †ewk cwigv‡Y Rj bv LvIqvB fv‡jv| dvw÷s eøvWmyMvi cixÿvi me‡P‡q fv‡jv
mgq mKvj‡ejvq Lvwj †c‡U i³ †Ìqv| G‡Z †ewk D‡cvm Kivi Kó _v‡K bv| mg‡qi wbqg
Kvbyb eRvq _v‡K| hviv mKvj †ejvq gwb©sIqvK K‡ib Zviv i³ cixÿvi w`b Zv bv Ki‡jB
fv‡jv|
Ô†cªv÷c¨vwÛqvjÕ i³ cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î `ycy‡i LvIqvi `yÕN›Uv †_‡K `yÕN›Uv c‡b‡iv wgwb‡Ui
g‡a¨ i³ w`‡Z n‡e| Avm‡j Avgv‡ì Lv‡`¨ _vKv Møy‡KvR ev kK©iv i‡³ cy‡ivcywi fv‡e wgk‡Z
`y N›Uvi g‡Zv mgq jv‡M| LvIqvi `yÕN›Uv c‡i i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv me‡P‡q †ewk _v‡K|
Zvici Zv ax‡i ax‡i Kg‡Z _v‡K| GLv‡b GKUv Amyweavi welq njÑ Avgiv fviZxqiv
cÖwZw`b GKB †gbyi LvIqvi LvB bv| G‡KK w`b-G‡KK iKg ivbœvevbœv nq| †m Kvi‡Y
cÖwZw`b Lvev‡i myMvi ev kK©ivi cwigvY GK _v‡K bv| GB Amywe‡a `~i Ki‡Z eZ©gv‡b cÖwZ
†KwR IR‡bi Rb¨ †ivMx‡K GKMÖvg K‡i Møy‡KvR †L‡Z †Ìqv nq| A_©vr Kv‡iv †`‡ni IRb
hw` 60 †KwR nq Z‡e Zv‡K 60 Mªvg Møy‡KvR `yÕMøvm ev 250 wgwjwjUvi R‡ji mv‡_ wgwk‡q
cvb Ki‡Z †Ìqv nq| Zvi wVK `yÕ N›Uv c‡i i³ †bIqv nq| `yÕ N›Uv †_‡K 5-10 wgwbU †ìx
n‡jI i³ †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| GLb A‡b‡KB evwo‡Z Møy‡KvwgUvi hš¿ w`‡q wb‡Ri i‡³i kK©iv

wb‡RB cixÿv K‡ib| G‡ÿ‡Î Av½y‡ji AvMvq m~P †dvUv‡bv nq| Av½y‡ji AvMv †_‡K †h
i³ †ei nq †mUv nj Ôwkiv K¨vwcjvwi i³Õ| Lvwj‡c‡U i³ cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î agbxi i³ I wkiv-
K¨vwcjvwii i‡³ kK©iv ev myMv‡ii gvb GKB _v‡K| wKš‘ fiv †c‡U K¨vwcjvwi ev RvwjKvi
i‡³i myMv‡ii cwigvY wkivi i‡³i †_‡K †ewk _v‡K|
mxivg MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb
wn‡gv‡Møvweb nj Avgv‡ì kix‡i i‡³i g‡a¨ _vKv GKwU RwUj †hŠM c`v_©| Avgiv hLb
bvK ev gyL w`‡q k¦vm wbB ZLb †m evZvm dzmdz‡m †cuŠQvq| dzmdz‡m evZv‡mi g‡a¨ _vKv
Aw·‡Rb i‡³i wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡b wg‡k hvq| Avi i‡³i wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡b _vKv Kve©b-WvB A·vBW
dzmdzm †_‡K bvK-gyL w`‡q †`‡ni evB‡i †ewi‡q Av‡m| A_©vr Avgv‡ì †`‡ni cÖwZwU †Kv‡l
†Kv‡l Aw·‡Rb †cŠu‡Q †Ìqvi Kv‡R wn‡gv‡Møvweb Kz¨wiqvi mvwf©‡mi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| GKB
fv‡e †Kvl †_‡K †ewi‡q Avmv Kve©b-WvB A·vBW e‡q wb‡q †`‡ni evB‡i †ei K‡i †`q|
Avgv‡ì kix‡i cÖvq cÖwZw`bB wn‡gv‡Møvweb ˆZix nq| GB wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi Avqy †gvUvgywU cÖvq
90 w`b; A_©vr AvR‡K ˆZix nIqv wn‡gv‡MøvwebwU AvMvgx wZb gvm ch©šÍ mwVKfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z
cv‡i| wn‡gv‡Møvweb †hw`b ˆZix nq, †mw`b hw` i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ewk _v‡K Z‡e
wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi mv‡_ ‡mB Møy‡KvR hy³ n‡q hvq| hv‡K e‡j ÔMøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW&
wn‡gv‡MøvwebÕ(Glycosylated Hemoglobin)|
i‡³ kK©iv ev Møy‡Kv‡Ri cwigvY hLb Lye †ewk _v‡K ZLb GB MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW&
wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi cwigvY I ‡e‡o hvq| i³im ev wmiv‡gi g‡a¨ _vKv MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW&
wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi cwigvY †_‡K weMZ 90 w`‡b ev wZb gv‡m †ivMxi i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †Kgb
wQj †m wel‡q wKQzUv †LuvRLei cvIqv hvq|
¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi gvÎv 4 †_‡K 6% g‡a¨ _v‡K| wKš‘
i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j GB wn‡gv‡Møvweb cÖwZw`b 0.1% K‡i evo‡Z _v‡K| wmivg
MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb cixÿvi djvdj †_‡K †ivMxi Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš¿‡Yi e¨vcvi
m¨vcv‡ii mwVK wb‡`©k cvIqv hvq|
‡hgb MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& cixÿvi djvdjÑ
¯^vfvweK (Normal ) 4 †_‡K 6%
†gvUvgywU wVK (Okay ) 6 †_‡K 7%
fv‡jvfv‡e wbqwš¿Z bq (Not good control) 7 †_‡K 8%
Awbqwš¿Z (Bad control) 8 †_‡K 10%
LyeB Awbqwš¿Z (Very Bad control) 10 %‡_‡K †ewk |
MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb‡K Wv³vix fvlvq ms‡ÿ‡c (Hba1c) e‡j|
MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi gvÎv 1% evo‡j i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv cÖvq 38
wgwjMÖvg/†WwmwjUvi †e‡o †M‡Q e‡j aiv nq| nVvr K‡i i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †e‡o ev K‡g
†M‡j `yÕ †_‡K wZb mßv‡ni g‡a¨ MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb ev‡o ev K‡g| †ivMxi hw`
i³víZv ev A¨vwbwgqv _v‡K ev gwnjv‡ì †ÿ‡Î Mf©ve¯’vq GB MøvB‡Kvwm‡j‡UW& wn‡gv‡Møvweb

cixÿvi djvdj mwVK nq bv| A_©vr †m mgq GB cixÿv †_‡K wZb gvm Av‡M i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri
gvÎv †evSv KwVb n‡q c‡o|
eZ©gv‡b kn‡ii eo eo j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z i³im cøvRgvi g‡a¨ _vKv †cªvwU‡bi mv‡_ wK
cwigvY Møy‡KvR wg‡k Av‡Q Zv cixÿv Kiv nq| †cÖvwU‡bi mv‡_ wg‡k _vKv ÔMøy‡KvR
d«z‡±vmvgvBbÕ †g‡c weMZ `yÕ- wZb mßv‡ni Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †evSv hvq|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi AviI me cixÿv-wbixÿv
Av‡MB e‡jwQ Wvqv‡ewUm †ivM GKevi hv‡K cvKovI K‡i Zvi kvixwiK RwUjZvi †kl
_v‡K bv| ZvB Wvqv‡ewU‡mi RwUjZv kbv³ Kivi Rb¨ I ‡iv‡Mi ZxeªZv †evSvi Rb¨ eøvWmyMvi
†U÷ Kiv Qvov AviI wKQz cixÿv Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgbÑ wKWwbi ‡ivM ev ÔWvqv‡ewUm
†b‡d«vc¨vw_Õ eyS‡Z †ivMxi cÖmªv‡e Avwm‡Uvb, A¨vjeywgb, gvB‡µvA¨vjeywgb cixÿv Kiv
ìKvi| ‡ivMxi nv‡U©i Amyweav _vK‡j GBP.wW.Gj †Kv‡j‡÷ij, Gj.wW.Gj †Kv‡j‡÷ij,
wf.Gj.wW.Gj †Kv‡j‡÷ij, UªvBwMømvivBW, wd«. d¨vwU A¨vwmW Gme cixÿv Kiv ìKvi| GLb
wjwcW †cÖvdvBj cixÿv †_‡K GKev‡iB Gme wKQz Rvbv hvq| i‡³i BDwiqv I wµ‡qwUwbb
cixÿv †_‡K wKWwbi Ae¯’v Rvbv m¤¢e|
A‡bK mgq c¨vswµqvm ev AMœ¨vk‡qi ÎæwU †_‡K †`‡ni Bbmywj‡bi Drcv`b e¨vnZ nq|
hv‡K c¨vswµqvUvBwUm e‡j| †ivMxi c¨vswµqvUvBwUm n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ i‡³i wmivg
A¨vgvB‡jR I cÖmªv‡ei Wvqv‡÷R cixÿv Kiv ìKvi nq| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì mn‡RB wewfbœ
ai‡bi msµgY †`Lv †`q| ey‡Ki G·-†i ev †Pó wc/G G·-†i †_‡K †ivMxi h²v,
eª¼vBwUm, ey‡K Rj Rgv, cøy‡ivwm Gme n‡q‡Q wKbv Rvbv hvq| wKWwb, MjeøvWvi,
c¨vswµqv‡mi Ae¯’v Rvb‡Z A‡bK mgq Wv³vieveyiv †ivMx‡ì †nvj A¨ve‡Wv‡gb
Avëªv†mv‡bvMÖvwd Kivi civgk© †`b| we‡klZ †hme †cvqvwZ gv‡qi Wvqv‡ewUm i‡q‡Q Zuv‡ì
å~‡Yi evoe„w× Rvbvi Rb¨ Avëªv†mv‡bvMÖvwdi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GQvovI †ivMxi Ae¯’v Abymv‡i
wmwU ¯‹¨vb, B.Avi.wm.wc., Gg. Avi. AvB. ¯‹¨vb Gme Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì i³ cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î cÖvqB GK Awf‡hvM †kvbv hvq| GKB †ivMx
GKB w`‡b `yÕwU j¨ve‡iUwi‡Z i³ cixÿv K‡i `yÕ-iKg djvdj cvb| G‡Z †ivMxiv weåvšÍ
n‡q c‡ob| A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î m‡›`n cÖKvk K‡ib; c¨v_jwRK¨vj j¨ve‡iUwii cixÿv c×wZi
Ici|
c¨v_jwRK¨vj j¨ve‡iUwii †UKwbwmqvb fvB‡qiv G wel‡q †bc‡_¨ hZUv Mvjg›` Lvb
†ZgbwU Avi Ab¨ †Kvb wel‡q nq bv| eøvWmyMv‡ii gvÎv m¤^‡Ü †ivMx I Zvi cwiev‡ii ¯^”Q
aviYv bv _vKvUvB Gi Ab¨Zg KviY| Avm‡j i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv w`‡bi memgq mgvb _v‡K
bv| Av‡MB e‡jwQ g~j Lvevi A_©vr jvÂ I wWbv‡ii `yÕN›Uv †_‡K `yÕN›Uv c‡b‡iv wgwbU ch©šÍ
i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv me‡P‡q †ewk _v‡K| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i Zv Kg‡Z ïiæ K‡i| GQvovI e¨vqvg
ev cwikªg Ki‡j myMv‡ii gvÎv K‡g hvq| AwZwi³ Nvg ev cÖmªv‡ei d‡j eøvWmyMvi †j‡ej K‡g
†h‡Z cv‡i| i‡³ kK©ivi cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î me j¨ve‡iUwi GKB c×wZ I hš¿cvwZ eënvi K‡i
bv| Zvi †_‡KI cixÿvi djvdi mvgvb¨ Gw`K-Iw`K n‡Z cv‡i|

i‡³i kK©ivi cixÿvi †ÿ‡Î †h wbw`©ó wbqg wb‡q Av‡M Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| †m wbqg
Kvbyb A‡bK †ivMx Rv‡bb bv ev †evSvi †Póv †bB| A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î e¨¯ÍZvi Kvi‡Y Wv³vieveyiv
†ivMx I cwievi‡K mewel‡q mwVKfv‡e eywS‡q e‡jb bv| †m Kvi‡YB GB wecwË I weåvwšÍ|
†h cixÿvB K‡ib bv †Kb; memgq fv‡jv bvgx I mymw¾Z j¨ve‡iUvwi‡Z wM‡qB cixÿv
Ki‡eb| Zv‡Z `y‡Uv cqmv †ewk jvM‡jI ÿwZ †bB| KviY cixÿvi djvd‡j hw` fzj ÎæwU
_v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvUvB D‡ëvcvëv n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvB Gwel‡q cÖ_g
†_‡KB mveavb n‡eb|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cixÿv wbixÿvi LiPcÎ
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì ‡ivM wbY©‡q I †`‡ni wewfbœ myweav-Amyweav eyS‡Z †ek wKQz cixÿv-
wbixÿv Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GBme cixÿv c¨v_jwRK¨vj j¨ve‡iUwi ev Wvqv‡MvwbwóK †m›Uv‡i
n‡q _v‡K| GB cixÿvi †iU ev LiP wewfbœ j¨ve Abymv‡i Kg-‡ewk n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e 2015
mv‡ji evRviì Abymv‡i †gvUvgywU GKwU ZvwjKv bx‡P †Ìqv njÑhv‡Z †ivMx ev Zvi cwievi
wKQzUv aviYv †c‡Z cv‡ib| Wv³vieveyiv †h fvlvq GB wb‡`©k¸wj †j‡Lb ev c¨v‡_vjwRK¨vj
j¨ve‡iUwii fvB‡qiv †h fvlvq †ev‡Sb, †mfv‡eB cixÿvi bvg I LiP¸wj †Ìqv n‡jvÑ
S.L Test Name Rate
1. Blood Sugar (F) 40/-
2. Blood Sugar (PP) 40/-
3. Blood Sugar (R) 40/-
4. Blood Billrubin 70/-
5. Blood Hb% 40/-
6. Blood Total Protein 80/-
7. Blood SGOT 80/-
8. Blood SGPT 80/-
9. Blood Alkaline Phosphatase 80/-
10. Blood L.F.T. 400/-
11. Blood Urea 70/-
12. Blood Creatinine 70/-
13. Blood Cholesterol 80/-
14. Blood Triglyceride 180/-
15. Blood HDL Cholesterol 100/-
16. Blood LDL Cholesterol 150/-
17. Blood VLDL Cholesterol 150/-
18. Lipid Profile 400/-
19. Uric Acid 70/-
20. Amylase 250/-
21. Calcium 150/-

22. Lypase 500/-
23. Na+ 150/-
24. K+ 150/-
25. Na+ & K+ 250/-
26. CPK 300/-
27. CPK(MB) 300/-
28. ADA-MTB 500/-
29. A.N.F. 400/-
30. Urine Routine Exam. 50/-
31. Urine B/S & B/P 30/-
32. Urine Sugar 20/-
33. Urine Culture 120/-
34. Urine Micro 350/-
35. Urine R/E & C/S 160/-
36. 24 hrs. Urinary Protein 200/-
37. Urine Ketone 50/-
38. Stool R/E 50/-
39. Stool OBT 30/-
40. Stool R/E, Ph & RS 70/-
41. Stool Culture 150/-
42. Sputum for Gram Stain 50/-
43. Mantoux test 70/-
44. Urine for H.C.G. 80-
45. T3, T4, TSH 500/-
46. C-Peptide 900/-
47. HPTH 700/-
48. Glycosylated Hb(HbA1C) 500/-
49. Semen analysis 100/-
50. TC, DC, ESR, Hb% 100/-
51. Blood R/E 120/-
52. Complete Haemogram 250/-
53. Plt Count 60/-
54. Reticulocyte Count 40/-
55. M.P. 50/-
56. BT, CT 40/-
57. P.Time 200/-
58. Direct Coomb’s Test 200/-
59. Indirect Coomb’s Test 200/-

60. Eossinophil Count 50/-
61. Abnormal Cell 100/-
62. Blood Group 50/-
63. P.F. & P.V. Antigen 300/-
64. Sputum A.F.B. 70/-
65. Sputam Culture 200/-
66. HbsAg 200/-
67. HIV 400/-
68. HCV 500/-
69. Entero cheek 500/-
70. Typhi IgG & IgM 500/-
71. VDRL 70/-
72. R.A. Factor 150/-
73. A.S.O. Titre 250/-
74. C.R.P. 250/-
75. Widal Test 120/-
76. TSH 250/-
77. FT3 350/-
78. FT4 350/-
79. FT3, FT4, TSH 950/-
80. Toxoplasma(Igh & Igm) 700/-
81. TB( Igh & Igm) 700/-
82. FSH 350/-
83. Troponil-I 550/-
84. Troponil-T 1250/-
85. Lithium 250/-
86. G6PD 250/-
87. Prolactin 350/-
88. Insulin 550/-
89. IgE 500/-
90. LH 350/-
92. ECG Normal 100/-
93. ECG- 3 Channel 200/-
94. Pulmonary Function Test 350/-
95. Cardiac Stress Test ‘TMT’ 600/-
96. Holter Monitoring 1000/-
97. Echo cardiography 2D & M.Mode 600/-
98. Colour Doppler Echocardiography 1000/-

99. CT Scan- Head & Brain 1500/-
100. Coronary Angiography 10,000/-
Wvqv‡ewUm‡K cy‡ivcywi `~i Kivi †Kvb wPwKrmv c×wZ GL‡bv Avwe®‹…Z nqwb| Z‡e
wPwKrm‡Ki wb‡`©k g‡Zv Pj‡j e¨vwa‡K wbqš¿‡Y ivLv m¤¢e| G‡ÿ‡Î K‡qKwU wel‡qi Ici
bRi w`‡Z n‡e| †hgb-
1). kw³ÿq I Lv‡`ï kw³g~‡jï g‡a¨ mgZv iÿv:- †`n‡K my¯’, mej I Kg©V ivLvi
cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ Avgiv Lv`¨ †_‡K cvB| †`‡ni IRb, eqm I Kx Kx ai‡bi KvR KZÿY a‡i
Ki‡Z nq Zvi Dci wbf©i K‡i ˆ`wbK cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³i cwigvY ev K¨v‡jvwi| cÖ‡qvR‡bi
AwZwi³ cwigvY K¨v‡jvwi MÖnY Ki‡j Zv cieZ©x mg‡q gay‡gn †iv‡Mi KviY n‡Z cv‡i|
†gvUvgywU fv‡e ejv hvqÑ hviv †ckvMZ fv‡e kvixwiK cwikªg K‡ib †hgbÑ K…lK,
gRyi, gy‡U, wi·vPvjK; Zv‡ì cÖwZ †KwR †`‡ni IR‡bi Rb¨ ˆ`wbK 20-22 K¨v‡jvwi Lv`¨
cÖ‡qvRb| A_©vr †Kvb wi·vIqvjvi wbR¯^ IRb hw` 55 †KwR nq Z‡e Zvi cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³i
cwigvY n‡e ˆ`wbK (55 x 22)= 1210 K¨v‡jvwi| †Kivwb ev H ai‡bi KvR hv‡ì Ki‡Z nq
Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î GwU n‡e cÖwZ †KwR †`n IR‡bi Rb¨ ˆ`wbK 10 †_‡K 13 K¨v‡jvwi| eyw×Rxwe
ev hv‡ì †Zgb kvixwiK cwikªg ‡Zgb Ki‡Z nq bv, Zv‡ì cÖwZ †KwR †`n IR‡bi Rb¨ 6
‡_‡K 7 K¨v‡jvwi| GQvovI †hŠe‡b-ˆK‡kv‡ii evošÍ eq‡m, gwnjv‡ì Mf©aviY I mšÍvb
cvj‡bi mgq AwZwi³ K¨v‡jvwii cÖ‡qvRb nq|
2). c‡_ï Drcv`‡bi mwVK AbycvZ:- Avgv‡ì Lv‡`ï g~j Dcv`vb njÑ Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU,
†cÖvwUb I d¨vU| Pvj, AvUv, mywR, gywo, gq`v, wPov, mvey, Avjy, ¸o, wPwb ÑGme nj
Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU RvZxq Lv`¨| ‡ewkifvM wPwKrm‡Ki g‡Z Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î †gvU
K¨v‡jvwii 35 †_‡K 40 kZvsk c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU w`‡q| evwK 65 †_‡K 60
kZvsk kw³ wb‡Z n‡e †cÖvwUb I d¨vU †_‡K| wKš‘ †ivMxi hw` Wvqv‡ewU‡mi mv‡_ nv‡U©i AmyL
_v‡K, Z‡e †ewk cwigvY †cÖvwUb I d¨vU †_‡K AbïKg wecwË †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î
Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU †_‡K msM„nxZ kw³i AbycvZ n‡e 60 †_‡K 65 kZvsk| evwK 30 †_‡K 35
kZvsk K¨v‡jvwii g‡a¨ †cÖvwUb n‡e †ewk Avi d¨vU n‡e Lye mvgvb¨|
gvQ, gvsm, wWg, Qvbv †cÖvwUb RvZxq Lv`¨| †`nMVb I Lv‡`ï iæwP evov‡bvi Rb¨
cÖvYxR †cÖvwUb cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e hv‡ì ü`‡ivM I Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q Zv‡ì cÖvYxR †cÖvwUb †ewk bv
LvIqvB fv‡jv| mqvweb, Pxbvev`vg, KvRyev`vg, wewfbœ iK‡gi Wvj Gme LvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Zv‡Z Møy‡Kv‡Ri mv‡_ †Kv‡j‡÷ijI ¯^vfvweK _vK‡e| gvsm †L‡Z †M‡j memgq ‡`wk gyiwM
ev †QvU cvwLi gvsm Lv‡eb| cuvVv, Lvwm, Miæ, k~K‡ii gvsm Lv‡eb bv| evM&`v ev Mj&`v wPswo,
†g‡U Gme †L‡j i‡³ †Kv‡j‡÷ij †e‡o hvq|
Pwe©, †Zj, wN cÖf…wZ Lv`¨B d¨v‡Ui Ab¨Zg fvÛvi| Wvqv‡ewUm I nv‡U©i †ivM GKm‡½
_vK‡j d¨vU hZUv m¤¢e Kg LvIqv DwPZ| we‡klZ hviv GKUz †gvUv‡mvUv| †h me †Z‡j
Amsc„³ d¨vwU A¨vwmW (Unsaturated fatty acid) ‡ewk Av‡Q, †hgbÑ m~h©gyLx †Zj, mqvweb
†Zj, fzÆvi †Z‡j †ivMxi Lvevi ivbœv Ki‡Z n‡e| eZ©gv‡b evRv‡i eû ai‡bi bb&w÷K

d«vBc¨vb cvIqv hvq; hv‡Z Kg †Z‡j ivbœv-evbœv nq| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì ivbœvi Kv‡R Gme
evmb eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
3). wewfbœ Avnv‡i K¨v‡jvix e›Ub:- mvaviYfv‡e ga¨weË I D”Pga¨weË ev½vjxiv w`‡b Pvievi
Lvevi Lvq| Gig‡a¨ `ycyi I iv‡Z `yÕevi †ewk K‡i LvIqv Ges mKvj I weKv‡j wUwdb|
GQvov gv‡Sg‡a¨ Pv-we¯‹zU ev ‡jŠwKKZvi LvwZ‡i Ab¨wKQz †L‡Z nq| ˆ`wbK hZ K¨v‡jvwi
Lv`¨ Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb Zvi 21 kZvsk Lv‡eb mKv‡ji †eªKdv‡÷ ev cÖvZtiv‡k, ga¨vý
†fvR‡b 36 kZvsk, weKv‡ji wUwd‡b 14 kZvsk, iv‡Zi Lvev‡i 25 kZvsk I Aewkó 4
kZvsk Ab¨fv‡e Lv‡eb| G wnmve Avcbvi e¨w³MZ iæwP, Kv‡Ri mgq I cvwievwiK Ae¯’v
Abymv‡i wKQzUv A`j e`j Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e Wvqv‡ewUm I ü`&‡ivMx‡ì iv‡Zi †ejvq ‡ewk
fvix wKQz LvIqv wVK bq|
4). wbqwgZ e¨vqvg:- nvU©& wWwRR& I Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš¿‡Y e¨vqv‡gi GK weivU f~wgKv i‡q‡Q|
wbqwgZ e¨vqvg Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU wecv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| we‡klZ hviv GKUz †gvUv‡mvUv-†MvjMvj
Zv‡ì Aek¨B e¨vqvg Ki‡Z n‡e| eqm, †iv‡Mi ZxeªZv, †ivMxi IRb, i³Pvc Abymv‡i
e¨vqvg wewfbœ iK‡gi n‡Z cv‡i| †hgbÑ nuvUv, RwMs, mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv, muvZvi, wd« n¨vÛ
G·vimvBR ev Av‡iv eû wKQz| cÖwZw`b AšÍZ 25 †_‡K 30 wgwbU e¨vqv‡gi Rb¨ eivÏ
Ki‡ZB n‡e|
5). i‡³ kK©iv wbqš¿‡Y ivLv:- mwVK Lv`¨ MÖnY, e¨vqvg Gm‡ei c‡iI hw` †`Lv hvq i‡³
kK©ivi gvÎv †ewk| Z‡e ‡m‡ÿ‡Î Ilya ‡L‡Z n‡e ev cÖ‡qvR‡b Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z
n‡e|
Bbmywjb
Bbmywjb GKUv ni‡gvb hv Avgv‡ì †`‡ni g‡a¨ _vKv kK©iv‡K kw³‡Z cwiYZ Ki‡Z
mvnvh¨ K‡i| Avgv‡ì cvK¯’jxi Kv‡Q _vKv AMœ¨vkq ev c¨vbwµqv‡mi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q we‡kl
ai‡bi wKQz †Kvl; hv‡K e‡j exUv‡mj (Beta Cell)| GB exUv‡mj †_‡K
ˆZwi nIqv Bbmywjb mivmwi i‡³ †g‡k| Zvici Zv kix‡ii wewfbœ †Kv‡l
†cŠu‡Q hvq|
hLb kK©iv AYy †Kv‡li AveiYx w`‡q †Kv‡li †fZ‡i XzK‡Z Pvq
†mmgq Bbmywjb GB kK©iv‡K cÖ‡e‡ki ‡ÿ‡Î mvnvh¨ K‡i| Bbmywj‡bi
KvR A‡bKUv Pvwe w`‡q Zvjv †Lvjvi g‡Zv| Bbmywj‡bi Pvwe _vK‡jB
†Kv‡li †fZ‡i kK©iv fv‡jvfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| Bbmywjb kK©iv ev myMvi‡K fvO‡Z I
eënvi Ki‡Z †`‡ni †Kvl¸wj‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| Rvg©vb weÁvbx cj j¨v½vin¨vÝ& GB
AMœ¨vk‡qi †fZ‡i _vKv we‡kl †Kvl¸wj‡K 1869 mv‡j cÖ_g kbv³ K‡ib| ZvB Zvi bvg
Abymv‡i GB †Kvl¸wj‡K e‡jÑ ÔAvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ&Õ ev Ôj¨v½vin¨vÝ ewY©Z
Øxc†Kvl¸wjÕ| GB AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨v‡Ý& †gvUvgywU fv‡e cuvP iK‡gi †Kvl _v‡K| GB
†KvlMywji KvR Kvievi Avevi Avjv`v-Avjv`v| †hgb weUv‡mj¸wj Bbmywjb ˆZwi K‡i|
Avjdv†Kvl¸wj MøyKvMb (Glucagon) I †Wëv‡mj¸wji †mvgv‡UvóvwUb (Somatostatin) ‰Zwi

K‡i| GQvovI we.wc. †mj (B.P.Cell) I wW. AvB (D.I. Cell) wKQz Ab¨ ai‡bi ivmvqwbK
c`v_© ‰Zwi K‡i _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î weUv‡Kvl¸wji Bbmywjb Drcv`b I Avjdv
†Kvl¸wji MøyKvM‡bi Drcv`‡b cÖZ¨ÿ fv‡e cÖfve †d‡j| weUv‡Kvl †_‡K Bbmywj‡bi Drcv`b
Kg n‡j †ivMx mivmwifv‡e Wvqv‡ewU‡m AvµvšÍ nb| †m‡ÿ‡Î U¨ve‡jU ev Bb‡RKk‡bi g‡a¨
w`‡q †ivMxi kix‡i Bbmywj‡bi gvÎv wVK ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
K…wÎg Bbmywj‡bi cÖ_g ‰Zwi nq ‡Mviæ I ï‡qv‡ii AMœ¨vkq †_‡K| ‡Mviæi AMœ¨vkq
†_‡K Bbmywjb msMÖn K‡i Zv‡K we‡kl c×wZ‡Z cwimªyZ K‡i ˆZwi Kiv nZ Ô†evfvBb
BbmywjbÕ| GKBfv‡e ï‡qvi †_‡K msMÖn Kiv Bbmywjb‡K ejv nZ ÔcimvBbÕ| 1921 mv‡jB
G ai‡bi Bbmywjb Avwe®‹…Z nq| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î cÖvq Qq `kK a‡i GB `yB
BbmywjbB wQj GKgvÎ fimv| Z‡e A‡bK †ÿ‡Î GBme Bbmywjb †_‡K wewfbœ iKg
A¨vjv‡R©wUK Amyweav †ivMxi kix‡i †`Lv w`Z| Avwki `k‡K wRb cÖhyw³‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q
gvby‡li kix‡ii _vKv Bbmywj‡bi gZbB wnDg¨vb (Human) Bbmywjb ˆZwi Kiv m¤¢e nq|
GB Bbmywj‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv Av‡Mi Bbmywjb †_‡K A‡bK †ewk| cvk¦©cÖwZwµqv ev (Side
Effect) A‡bK Kg|
eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi Bbmywjb evRv‡i G‡m‡Q, G¸wji Kvh©KvwiZvI wewfbœiKg|
Wv³vieveyiv †ivMx‡K cixÿv K‡i wVK K‡ibÑ †Kvb †ivMxi Rb¨ wK ai‡bi Bbmywjb cÖ‡qvRb?
eZ©gv‡b evRv‡i wZb ai‡bi Bbmywjb Lye cÖPwjZÑ
(1) mj‡f›U I ¯^í‡gqv`x BbmywjbÑ GB Bbmywjb Lye `ªæZ KvR K‡i| Z‡e Gi KvR Kvievi
6 †_‡K 8 N›Uvi †ewk ¯’vqx nq bv| mvaviYfv‡e hLb †ivMxi msKURbK ev wmwiqvm Ae¯’v,
i‡³i kK©ivi gvÎv Lye †ewk ZLb G ai‡bi Bbmywjb eënvi Kiv nq|
(2) B›UviwgwWI ev gaëZ©x BbmywjbÑ G‡K Avevi (NPH- Lente) Bbmywjb e‡j| GBme
Bbmywj‡bi KvR Kvievi 14 †_‡K 28 N›Uv ch©šÍ P‡j|
(3) `xN©‡gqv`x BbmywjbÑ GB Bbmywjb¸wji cÖfve 24 †_‡K 48 N›Uv ch©šÍ ¯’vqx nq| G‡ì
bvg wgKmUvW© (Mixtard), BbmvjUvW© (Insultard), AvjUªvUvW© (Ultratard)| GBme bv‡gI
WvKv n‡q _v‡K|
Avi GKwU welq GKUz †Lvjmv Kiv DwPZ| A‡b‡Ki g‡b GKUv åvšÍ aviYv Av‡Q †h,
Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš¿‡Y GKevi Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb wb‡j Avi iÿv ‡bB| fwel¨‡Z wbqwgZ
Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z n‡e| †Kvb LvIqvi Ily‡a Avi KvR n‡e bv| GB åvšÍ aviYvi ekeZ©x n‡q
A‡b‡K cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq Bb‡RKkb bv wb‡q; U¨ve‡jU †L‡q wecwË †W‡K Av‡bb| Bbmywj‡bi
cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Zv Aek¨B wb‡Z n‡e| GiRb¨ mviv Rxeb Bb‡RKk‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj _vK‡Z
n‡e; GUv wVK bq|
Avgv‡ì GB gvbe kix‡i cÖvq 10 nvRvi wewjqb (1 wewjqb= 100†KvwU) †Kvl _v‡K|
GB †Kvl¸wji †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ kw³i ìKvi| cÖv_wgKfv‡e GB kw³ Zviv †c‡Z Pvq Møy‡KvR
ev kK©iv †_‡K| Avgv‡ì Lvev‡ii g‡a¨ _vKv Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU cywóZ‡š¿i g‡a¨ cwicvK n‡q
mij nq| Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui mij AbyB nj Møy‡KvR| Bbmywjb Avgv‡ì †`‡ni wewfbœ †Kv‡li
g‡a¨ Møy‡KvR‡K XzK‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| GB Møy‡KvR AYy¸wj †Kv‡li g‡a¨ `nb cÖwµqvq K¨v‡jvwi

ev kw³ Drcbœ K‡i| Av‡MB e‡jwQ Bbmywj‡bi KvR nj ìRvq ùvwo‡q _vKv `v‡ivqv‡bi
nv‡Zi Pvwei g‡Zv| Zvjv †Ìqv N‡i XzK‡Z †hgb Pvwei cÖ‡qvRb nq; †ZgbB i‡³ ch©vß
Bbmywjb bv _vK‡j †Kv‡l Møy‡KvR cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| i‡³i Møy‡KvR i‡³B †_‡K hvq|
Gid‡j i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv evo‡Z _v‡K| Avgv‡ì †`‡ni g‡a¨ wewfbœ ¯^qswµq ev A‡Uv‡gwUK
eë¯’v i‡q‡Q| ¯^vfvweK fv‡e i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j AMœ¨vkq †m Lei †cŠuQvq|
Gici AMœ¨vkq †_‡K †ewk cwigvY Bbmywjb †ewi‡q Av‡m| Avi i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv Kg _vK‡j
¯^qswµq fv‡e Bbmywj‡bi wbtmiY K‡g hvq| A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì GB ¯^qswµq
eë¯’v wVKg‡Zv KvR K‡i bv| i‡³i kK©ivi †LvuRLei mgq g‡Zv AMœ¨vk‡q †cŠuQvq bv| d‡j
Zv‡ì i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv †ewk _v‡K| †mKvi‡Y Zv‡ì Bbmywjb wb‡Z nq|
Bbmywjb ivLvi wbqg Kvbyb
Av‡MB e‡jwQ Bbmywjb n‡”Q GKwU ni‡gvb| ivmvqwbKfv‡e GwU RwUj ‰Re †cÖvwUb|
GB ‰Re †cÖvwU‡bi Aby¸wj GKUz †ewk ZvcgvÎv‡ZB e`‡j hvq| †m Kvi‡Y Bbmywjb ivLvi
†ÿ‡Î K‡qKwU wel‡q we‡kl mZK© _vK‡Z n‡eÑ
(1) †ewk Mig RvqMvq Bbmywjb ivLv Pj‡e bv|
(2) †hLv‡b mivmwi m~h©v‡jvK c‡o †mLv‡b Bbmywj‡bi wkwk ivLv hv‡e bv|
(3) Lye VvÛv RvqMvq ev wWc wd«‡R Bbmywjb wkwk ivLv wVK bq| ‡iwd«Rv‡iUi ev wd«‡R
†hLv‡b kvKmewR ivLv nq; †mLv‡b Bbmywjb ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †ewkÿY
†jvW‡kwWs Pj‡j Bbmywjb ivLvi †ÿ‡Î Ab¨ eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|
(4) GKgv‡mi †ewk mgq evwo‡Z Bbmywjb ivLv wVK bq|
(5) †Uª‡b ev †cø‡b hvZvqvZ Ki‡j myÜ‡Km ev weªd‡K‡m Bbmywjb ivL‡eb bv| nvZ e¨v‡M
ivLyb| ‡Lqvj ivL‡eb nvZ e¨vMwU‡Z †ewk ‡iv` ev Mig bv jv‡M |
Bbmywjb KLb †b‡eb
Av‡MB e‡jwQ, ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq Avgiv hLb †ewk cwigvY LvIqv- `vIqv Kwi ZLbB
Bbmywj‡bi wbtmiY ïiæ nq| A_©vr `ycy‡ii jvÂ I iv‡Z wWbv‡ii ci AMœ¨vkq †_‡K Bbmywjb
wbtmi‡Yi gvÎv †e‡o hvq| wKš‘ hviv Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î ¯^vfvweK KvRwU wVKg‡Zv
nq bv| †gvUvgywU fv‡e Lvevi LvIqvi AvaN›Uv Av‡MB Bbmywjb wb‡j me‡P‡q fv‡jv| Z‡e
Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb †bIqvi ci †ivMx hw` AvaN›Uvi g‡a¨ Lvevi bv LvqÑ †m‡ÿ‡Î dj
gvivZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i| i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv A¯^vfvweK K‡g wM‡q ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ-i jÿY
†`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| †ivMxi AÁvb n‡q hvIqv, AwZwi³ Nvg, A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB †ivMxi g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ
n‡Z cv‡i|
†`‡ni †Kv_vq Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb †b‡eb
kix‡ii ‡hme As‡k Pwe©¯Íi †ewk †gvUv _v‡K; †mBme GjvKvq Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb
†bIqv me‡P‡q fv‡jv| ‡c‡U,cv‡qi Diæi mvg‡b, cv‡k, _vB‡qi gvSLv‡b, cvQvq, bvwf‡Z,

nv‡Zi Dc‡ii w`‡K GBme RvqMvq Bbmywjb †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb
†bIqvi RvqMv wbqwgZ cvëv‡bv ìKvi| GKB RvqMvq cÖwZw`b Bb‡RKkb bv †bIqvB
fv‡jv| cÖwZw`b Nywi‡q Nywi‡q †`‡ni wewfbœ As‡k Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z n‡e| Bbmywjb
Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z nq Avgv‡ì †`‡ni Z¡‡Ki bx‡P| hv‡K Wv³vix
fvlvq Avgiv ewj mvewKDwUwbqvm (Subcutinious)| GQvovI
mivmwi wkiv‡ZI †Ìqv hvq| Z‡e ‡ivMxi m¼URbK Ae¯’v‡Z
AwfÁ Wv³vieveyi Z¡Ëveav‡b wkiv I †c‡Ui g‡a¨ B›Uvi-
†cwi‡Uvwbqvj (Inter–Peritoneal) Bb‡RKkb ‡Ìqv nq|
Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z †M‡j mwVK wmwiÄ I m~P eënvi
Ki‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZz Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb †bIqv cÖwZw`‡bi
e¨vcvi ZvB memgq bZzb wmwiÄ eënvi Kiv A‡b‡Ki †ÿ‡Î
Avw_©Kfv‡e m¤¢e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î Kuv‡Pi wmwiÄ I m~P
eënvi K‡i Bb‡RKkb †bIqv hvq| Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨Kevi Bb‡RKkb †bIqvi Av‡M wmwiÄ I m~P
fv‡jvfv‡e dzwU‡q RxevYy gy³ Kiv ìKvi| hv‡ì c‡KU cviwgU K‡i Zviv wWm&c‡m‡ej
Bbmywjb wmwiÄ eënvi Ki‡eb| GB wmwi‡Äi m~P †ek miæ _v‡K| wVKg‡Zv cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ
RvqMvq ivL‡j GKUv wWm&c‡m‡ej wmwiÄ GKB †ivMx `y- wZbevi eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e
m~PUv cÖwZeviB cvj‡U wb‡Z cvi‡j fv‡jv| Bbmywjb AvšÍR©vwZK GKK ev BDwb‡U †Ìqv nq|
†K KZ BDwbU †b‡e? Zv Wv³vieveyiv †ivMx‡K cixÿv K‡i e‡j †`b| †hgbÑ Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î
20 BDwbU, Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î 40 BDwbU| Bbmywj‡bi wkwk †_‡K Bbmywjb fivi Av‡M wkwkwU‡K
fv‡jvfv‡e SuvwK‡q wb‡Z n‡e| wmwiÄ& -G Bbmywjb fivi ci †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb †Kvb
Ae¯’v‡ZB wmwi‡Ä evZv‡mi Ÿyèy` bv _v‡K| †hLv‡b Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z n‡e †mLvbKvi Pvgov
`y‡Uv Av½yj w`‡q †U‡b GKUz DuPz‡Z Zzj‡Z n‡e| Zvici Bb‡RKk‡bi m~P ev wmwi‡Äi wbwWj
45 wWwMÖ †Kv‡Y Pvgovi bx‡P XzwK‡q Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í wc÷b †V‡j Bbmywjb kix‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv‡Z
n‡e| ‡hLv‡b Bb‡RKkb †bIqv n‡”Q †mB RvqMvwU fv‡jvg‡Zv cwi®‹vi Kiv ìKvi|
‡hLv‡b Bb‡RKkb †b‡eb nvjKv mvevbRj ev Zz‡jv w¯úwiU w`‡q †mLvbKvi Pvgov
cwi®‹vi Kiv ìKvi| hviv cÖ_g cÖ_g Bbmywjb †bIqv ïiæ Ki‡eb Zviv Aek¨B ¯^v¯’¨Kg©x,
K¤úvDÛvi ev Wv³v‡ii mvnvh¨ †b‡eb| cÖ_g †_‡KB gvZeŸix Ki‡Z hv‡eb bv| hviv `xN©w`b
a‡i Bbmywjb Bb‡RKkb wb‡”QbÑ †mBme †ivMxi m‡½ civgk© Ki‡j fv‡jv dj †c‡Z
cv‡ib|
nvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqv
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì we‡klZ hviv Bbmywjb †bb; Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î †Kvb †Kvb mgq i‡³
kK©ivi gvÎv cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq A‡bKUv K‡g hvq| cÖwZ †WwmwjUvi i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv 65
†_‡K 70 wgwjMÖvg Gi Kg n‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi DcmM© †`Lv †`q| G‡K e‡j
ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ| GB ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ-i jÿY wewfbœ †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î wewfbœ iKg n‡Z
cv‡i| Kv‡iv †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ-i d‡j †ivMxi AZ¨waK wL‡` cvq, †c‡U

e¨_v †`Lv †`q, †ivMxi AZ¨waK Nvg nq, mviv †`n Amvo n‡q c‡o, †Kvb †Kvb mgq †ivMx
AÁvb n‡q hvq| A‡bK mgq †ivMx Gid‡j Ô†KvgvÕ-‡ZI P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i|
ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ †_‡K Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi g„Zz¨ Lye weij bq| GB ai‡bi Amyweav n‡j
†ivMx‡K ZrÿYvr Møy‡KvR ev wPwbi kieZ †L‡Z n‡e| ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ †mme †ÿ‡Î †ewk
nq hLb ‡ivMx Bbmywjb Bb‡RK&kb †bIqvi ci eûÿY bv †L‡q _v‡Kb ev nVvr K‡i AwZwi³
kvixwiK cwikªg K‡i †d‡jb; Gm‡ei d‡j i‡³ myMv‡ii gvÎv nVvr K‡i K‡g hvq| †m Kvi‡Y
hviv Bbmywjb †bb ev hv‡ì eøvWmyMvi wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ †ewk gvÎvq Ilya †L‡Z nq, Zv‡ì mv‡_
memgq Møy‡Kv‡Ri c¨v‡KU I R‡ji †evZj ivL‡Z n‡e| wb‡`bc‡ÿ j‡RÝ&, P‡Kv‡jU Gai‡bi
wgwó Lvevi m‡½ ivLv ìKvi| hv‡Z ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ-i Amyweav ZvrÿwYK mvgvj †Ìqv
hvq|
KLb Wv³vi WvK‡eb
A¨v‡gwiKvb Wvqv‡ewUK A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi Z_¨g‡Zv Wvqv‡ewU‡mi Riæwi Ae¯’v ˆZwi nq `ywU
mgqÑ
(1) hLb i‡³ myMv‡ii cwigvY cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq AwZwi³ K‡g hvq ev ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ|
(2) hLb i‡³ myMv‡ii cwigvY cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq gvÎvwZwi³ ‡e‡o hvq| hv‡K Wv³vix fvlvq
ewj ÔnvBcvi MøvB‡mwgqvÕ I m‡½ A¨vwm‡Wvwmm|
‡ivMxi cÖPÛ gv_v‡Nviv (Staggering), Lye `ye©jZv, †ivMx Lye †i‡M hv‡”Q, †ivMxi Mv‡qi
is d¨vKv‡k, K_vevZ©vi Zvj †bB, Pj‡Z †M‡j Uvj Lv‡”Q, †ivMxi cÖPÛ Nvg, †ivMxi nZ
‡PZbfve (Stupor) ÑGme jÿ‡Y †ewk †ìx bv KivB fv‡jv| Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q wb‡q hvIqvB
fv‡jv|
nvBcviMøvB‡mwgqv n‡j ev i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv †ewk n‡j ‡ivMx cÖPÛ Ny‡gi †Nv‡i _v‡K
(Drowsiness), cÖPÛ wccvmv, †ivMx evievi cÖmªve K‡i, m‡½ ewgI _vK‡Z cv‡i| †ivMxi
wbtk¦v‡m dj ev g‡ì MÜ cvIqv hvq| †ivMxi gyL jvj n‡q hvq, †ivMx †Rv‡i †Rv‡i k¦vm †bq,
KLbI KLbI AÁvb n‡q c‡o|
‡ivMxi nvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqv n‡q‡Q, bv nvBcviMøvB‡mwgqv n‡q‡Q GUv hw` eyS‡Z bv cv‡ib
Z‡e †ivMx‡K cÖ_‡g wPwb kieZ w`b, GQvovI VvÛvcvbxq, d‡ji im, Av‡Li im w`‡Z cv‡ib|
G¸wj LvIqvi 10-15 wgwbU ci Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx hw` my¯’‡eva bv K‡ib Z‡e ZrÿYvr
Wv³v‡ii m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Kiæb ev †ivMx‡K nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvb|
Lv`¨ Lvevi I Wvqv‡ewUm
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì LvIqv `vIqv wbqš¿Y K‡i Amy‡Li Amyweav¸wj 50 †_‡K 70
kZvsk Kgv‡bv hvq| Av‡MB e‡jwQ Avgv‡ì Lv`¨ Lvev‡i †gvUvgywU wZbwU cÖavb cywó Dcv`vb
_v‡K| †hgbÑ †k¦Zmvi ev ÔKv‡e©vnvB‡WªUÕ, AvwglLv`¨ ev Ô‡cÖvwUbÕ I Pwe©RvZxq Lv`¨ Ôd¨vUm&Õ|
GQvovI i‡q‡Q Rj, wfUvwgb, wewfbœ LwbR ev wgbv‡ijm, Zš‘ ev dvBevi AviI wKQz Dcv`vb|
Avgv‡ì †`‡n Møy‡Kv‡Ri g~j Drm nj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU ev †k¦Zmvi RvZxq Lv`¨| Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui

g‡aÏ `y ai‡bi Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU i‡q‡Q| GKai‡bi Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU mij mvaviY Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU,
Avi GK cÖKvi nj RwUj cÖK…wZi Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU|
mij Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Lye ZvovZvwo cwicvK n‡q Møy‡Kv‡R cwiYZ n‡q hvq| Gai‡bi
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î wbivc` bq| KviY G‡Z kK©ivi cwigvY Lye
ZvovZvwo †e‡o hvq| †hgbÑ wPwb, wgwó, im‡Mvjøv, m‡›`k GB RvZxq wgwó mij kK©ivi g‡a¨
c‡o|
Avi RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †hgb wewfbœ mewR, Zš‘RvZxq Lvevi ÑGme Wvqv‡ewUm
†ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e wbivc`| GB RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU cwicvK n‡q Møy‡Kv‡R
cwiYZ n‡Z A‡bK mgq jv‡M| GZ i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv ax‡i ax‡i ev‡o Ges †`‡ni wbR¯^
Bbmywj‡bi mvnv‡h¨ G¸wj †_‡K kw³ cvIqv hvq| †m Kvi‡YB Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi memgq mij
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU¸wj Gwo‡q wM‡q RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU LvIqv DwPZ|
Avgv‡ì †`‡ni cwicvKZš¿wU gyL †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cvqy ch©šÍ i‡q‡Q| GB cwicvK
Zš¿‡K Wv³vix fvlvq Avgiv ewj ÔMÖv‡÷vB‡›Uvw÷bvj wm‡÷gÕ| gy‡Li Lv`¨MÖnY †_‡K ïiæ n‡q
Zvici †mUv cwicvK n‡q †kvwlZ nq| Lv‡`ï AcvP¨ Ask †`‡ni evB‡i †ewi‡q hvq| Avgiv
hLb gyL w`‡q LvB I Lv`¨ wPevB Zvici †mUv B‡mv‡dMvm ev MÖvmbvjxi g‡a¨ w`‡q cvK¯’jx ev
÷gv‡K †cŠuQvq| cvK¯’jx‡Z Lvevi †cŠuQv‡bvi ci †mwU cwicvK n‡Z _v‡K ev mij n‡Z
_v‡K| Zvici †mB wKQzUv cwicvK nIqv Lvevi A‡š¿ †cŠuQvq| ¶z`ªvš¿ †_‡K Lvev‡ii mij
cywóKi Dcv`vb i‡³ †g‡k| Lvev‡ii †h Ask cwicvK nq bv Zv e„n`š¿ ev †Kv‡jb w`‡q gj
AvKv‡i †`‡ni evB‡i †ewi‡q hvq|
Avgv‡ì †cŠwóK bvjx ev ÔMÖv‡÷vB‡›Uvw÷bvj Uª¨v‡KÕ Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †_‡K Møy‡KvR Drcbœ
nq| †cÖvwUb RvZxq Lv`¨ †_‡K ˆZwi nq A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwmW Ges Pwe© RvZxq Lv`¨ †_‡K
UªvBwMømvivBW ev d¨vwU A¨vwmW ˆZwi nq| Avgv‡ì Aš¿ †_‡K Møy‡KvR, A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwmW,
UªvBwMømvivBW ev d¨vwU A¨vwmW i‡³ †g‡k| Avgv‡ì ¶z`ªv‡š¿ wZbwU Ask i‡q‡Q| cÖ_g
As‡ki bvg nj wW‡qvwWbvg, ga¨vsk‡K e‡j †RRybvg I †kl As‡ki bvg nj Bwjqvg|
cwicvKZ‡š¿ mij Lv`¨KYv¸wj wZbfv‡Mi `yÕfvMB wW‡qvwWbvg I †RRybvg †_‡K †kvwlZ nq|
wZb fv‡Mi GKfvM †kvwlZ nq Bwjqvg †_‡K|
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU
Avgiv cÖwZw`b †h Lvevi LvB Zvi †ewki
fvMUvB Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU| avb, Mg, fzÆv, †Rvqvi,
evRiv, ivMx Avi me Lv`¨k‡m¨ cÖPzi cwigv‡Y
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU _v‡K| Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡U Kve©b,
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb I Aw·‡Rb cigvYy¸wj Ggbfv‡e _v‡K
hvi g‡a¨ w¯’wZkw³ jywK‡q i‡q‡Q| GB w¯’wZkw³
†_‡K Avgiv Zvc ev MwZkw³ cvB| †gvUvgywU

wnmve Abyhvqx 100 MÖvg Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡U cÖvq Pvi K¨v‡jvwi kw³ _v‡K| wPwKrmv weÁv‡bi †Pv‡L
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU mvaviYZ wZb cÖKvi| g‡bvm¨vKvivBW, WvBm¨vKvivBW I cwjm¨vKvivBW|
g‡bvm¨vKvivBW n‡”Q Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui me‡P‡q mij iƒc| g‡bvm¨vKvivB‡Wi Avevi
wZbwU fvM i‡q‡Q Møy‡KvR, d«z‡±vR, M¨vjvK‡UvR| mij Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †hgbÑ Møy‡KvR I d«z‡±vR
cvIqv hvq dj, kvKmewR Avi gay‡Z| `y‡a †h Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU _v‡K Zv‡K e‡j j¨vK‡UvR|
wewfbœ cÖvYxRvZ Lv‡`¨ MøvB‡Kv‡Rb bv‡g Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU _v‡K|
`ywU g‡bvm¨vKvivBW GKm‡½ Ry‡o _vK‡j Zv‡K e‡j WvBm¨vKvivBW| †hgbÑ wPwb ev
my‡µvR| `ywUi †ewk g‡bvm¨vKvivBW GKm‡½ Ry‡o _vK‡j Zv‡K e‡j cwjm¨vKvivBW|
†hgbÑ ÷vR©, MøvB‡Kv‡Rb, †mjy‡jvR|
Avgiv hLb †Kvb Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU LvB ZLb Zvi cwicvK gy‡LB ïiæ n‡q hvq| gy‡Li
jvjvMÖwš’ †_‡K †ewi‡q Avmv ÷vqvwjb Dr‡mPK Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU RvZxq Lv`¨‡K cÖ_‡g mij
Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i| Zvici cvK¯’jx I Aš¿ n‡q i‡³ wg‡k i‡³ myMv‡ii gvÎv evov‡Z _v‡K|
†gvUvgywU fv‡e Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU RvZxq Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi 1 N›Uv ci †_‡KB i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv
evo‡Z _v‡K| Lv`¨MÖn‡bi `y N›Uvi ci i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv me‡P‡q †ewk nq|
i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv evo‡Z _vK‡j AMœ¨vkq †_‡K ¯^qswµq fv‡e Bbmywj‡bi wbtmiY
ev‡o| Zvici GKUv ch©v‡q wM‡q Bbmywj‡bi Drcv`b evav cvq| ZLb †`‡ni AwZwi³
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU d¨vU ev Pwe©‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q †`‡ni †fZ‡i Rgv n‡Z _v‡K| hLb Avgiv
`xN©mgq D‡cvm K‡i _vwK ev †`‡n Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui Afve †`Lv †`q †mB mgq †`‡ni mwÂZ
Pwe© wewkøó n‡q †`‡ni cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ †RvMvq|
mij I RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU
Av‡MB e‡jwQ Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU `yB ai‡bi mij I RwUj| mij Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡U Møy‡Kv‡Ri
AYy¸wj Ggb fv‡e mvRv‡bv _v‡K hv‡Z †m¸wj mn‡RB †f‡½ Møy‡Kv‡R cwiYZ nq| GBme
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU¸wj Lye ZvovZvwo i‡³i kK©ivi gvÎv‡K evwo‡q †`q| Avi RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡U
Møy‡KvR AYy¸wj Ggbfv‡e _v‡K hv cwicvK n‡Z ev mij Møy‡KvR AYy‡Z cwiYZ n‡Z A‡bK
†ewk mgq jv‡M| wPwb, ¸o, gay, wgwó, dj, R¨vg, †Rjx, †KvìwW¼m& G¸wj mij
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU| iæwU, mywR, BWwj G¸wj RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU| fvZ I Avjy‡Z `yÕ ai‡bi
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU _v‡K| ‡mBRb¨ Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡`i fvZ I Avjyi gvÎv †g‡c LvIqv DwPZ|
†KvbUv mij Ges †KvbUv RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Zv †Pbvi me‡P‡q mnR Dcvq njÑ
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU RvZxq Lv`¨ gy‡L w`‡q wKQzÿY wPev‡j hw` wR‡f wgwó ¯^v` Av‡m, Z‡e eyS‡Z
n‡e †mB Lvev‡i †ewk cwigvY mij Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU RvZxq Lv`¨ i‡q‡Q| Kv‡ev©nvB‡WªU ev
†k¦Zmvi Kxfv‡e †f‡½ †f‡½ myMvi nq Zv mnRfv‡e †evSvi Rb¨ GB PvU©wU ‡`‡L †bIqv
hvKÑ

‡cÖvwUb
Avgiv cÖwZw`b hv Lvevi LvB Zvi
Ab¨Zg cÖavb Dcvq nj †cÖvwUb|
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †hgb Møy‡KvR w`‡q ˆZwi;
†Zgb †cÖvwU‡b _v‡K A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwmW|
GB A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwm‡Wi AYy¸wj
ci¯úi ci¯ú‡i wg‡j j¤^v †PBb ev
k„•Lj ˆZwi K‡i| ZLb Zv‡K e‡j
cwj‡ccUvBW| †cÖvwUb mvaviYZ `yÕ
iKgÑ cÖvYxR †cÖvwUb I Dw™¢¾ †cÖvwUb|
gvQ, gvsm, wWg, `ya †hme Avgiv
cÖvYx‡`n †_‡K cvB Zv‡K e‡j cÖvYxR
†cÖvwUb| Avi †hme †cÖvwUb Dw™¢R †_‡K Av‡m, †hgbÑ Aoni, †Qvjv, gyM, gmywi, gUi GBme
wewfbœ Wvj I †mvqvweb Dw™¢¾ †cÖvwUb|
†hme Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì wKWwbi †Kvb mgm¨v †bB, Zviv cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv Dw™¢R †cÖvwUb
†L‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi †hme Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì ü`&hš¿ bx‡ivM Av‡Q ev ü`&‡ivM †bB; Zviv
cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv A¨vwbgvj †cÖvwUb †L‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e †`‡ni wewfbœ KvR Kvievi wVKg‡Zv Pjvi
Rb¨ cÖvYxR I Dw™¢R `yÕai‡bi †cÖvwUbB ìKvi Ges GB `yB ai‡bi †cÖvwU‡bi g‡a¨ mwVK
mvgÄm¨ _vKv ìKvi| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †cÖvwUb I Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui mvgÄm¨ ivLvi Rb¨
†gkv‡bv k‡mï iæwU †L‡Z cv‡ib| †hgbÑ 60 fvM M‡gi AvUv 30 fvM †Qvjvi †emb I 10
fvM †mvqvwe‡bi AvUv wgwk‡q iæwU evbv‡Z cv‡ib| G‡Z Lv‡`ï Dw™¢R †cÖvwUb I
Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui fvimvg¨ eRvq _vK‡e| †cÖvwUb RvZxq Lv‡`¨ ‡Zgbfv‡e Møy‡Kv‡Ri AYy _v‡K
bv| ZvB †hme Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì wKWwb I ü`‡iv‡Mi Sv‡gjv †bB Zviv †cÖvwUb RvZxq
Lvevi wbivc‡` †L‡Z cv‡ib|

wfUvwgb
Avgv‡ì kixi MV‡bi GK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb wfUvwgb| wfUvwg‡b †mfv‡e †Kvb kw³
†RvMv‡bi Dcv`vb _v‡K bv| Z‡e †ivM cÖwZ‡iva, kvixwiK e„w×, Z¡K, †PvL Gme mej ivLvi
†ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| †hgbÑ
wfUvwgb we (Vitamin-B ) Kg‡cø‡·i cÖ‡qvRb nq
†`‡ni wewfbœ wecvKxq KvR Pvjv‡Z| wfUvwgb G
(Vitamin-A) †Pv‡Li `„wókw³‡K wVK iv‡L|
wfUvwgb wm (Vitamin-C) †`‡ni †ivM cÖwZ‡iva
ÿgZv evovq| GBfv‡e wewfbœ wfUvwgb †`‡ni
KvRKviev‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì
Lv‡`¨ wewfbœ wfUvwgb mwVK Abycv‡Z _vKv LyeB
cÖ‡qvRb| KviY Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì Ggwb‡ZB †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv K‡g hvq| K‡g hvq
†Pv‡Li `„wó I Z¡‡Ki i³ msenb|
LvIqvi †Zj
Avgiv wewfbœ ivbœvevbœvq †fvR¨ †Zj eënvi Kwi| GB
†Z‡ji cÖavb Dcv`vb d¨vwU A¨vwmW ev UvBwMømvivBW| GB
UvBwMømvivBW A‡bKUv wMømvwi‡bi g‡ZvB †`L‡Z|
ÔwMømvijÕ(Glyceral) bv‡gi GK ai‡bi c`v_© w`‡q ˆZwi|
GB d¨vwU A¨vwm‡Wi k„•L‡ji g‡a¨ g~j Dcv`vb _v‡K Kve©b|
cÖwZwU Kve©b cigvYyi m‡½ `yBwU K‡i nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy hy³
_v‡K| GB Kve©b cigvYy ci¯úi ci¯úi‡K a‡i iv‡L| †mvRv
K_vq ej‡Z †M‡j Kve©b cigvYyi Pvi‡U nvZ| d¨vwU A¨vwm‡Wi ‡ÿ‡Î GKwU Kve©b cigvYy `ywU
nvZ w`‡q `ywU Kve©b cigvYy‡K a‡i| evwK `ywU nv‡Z nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy _v‡K| hLb Kve©b
cigvYyi PviwU nvZB †Kvb bv †Kvb Kve©b ev nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cigvYy w`‡q aiv _v‡K, ZLb Zv‡K
e‡j m¨vPz‡i‡UW d¨vwU A¨vwmW(Saturated Fatty Acid) ev ms‡ÿ‡c ;(SAFA mvdv)| wewfbœ
†Z‡ji g‡a¨ nvB‡Wªv‡Rb M¨vm mÂvjb K‡i Zv‡K m¨vPz‡i‡UW †Zj Kiv nq| †hgbÑ eb¯úwZ,
WvjWv Gme| hLb cÖwZwU Kve©b cigvYy †_‡K GKwU K‡i nvB‡Wªv‡Rb Kg _v‡K ZLb Zv‡K
e‡j g‡bvm¨vPz‡i‡UW d¨vwU A¨vwmW(Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acid) ev ms‡ÿ‡c; (MUFA
gydv)| †hgbÑ RjcvB ‡Zj ev Awjf A‡qj| hLb †Kvb †Z‡ji d¨vwU A¨vwm‡Wi k„•Lj ‡_‡K
GKvwaK Kve©b cigvYy m‡i _v‡K, ZLb Zv‡K e‡j cwj Avbm¨vPz‡i‡UW d¨vwU A¨vwmW(Poly
Unsaturated Fatty Acid) ; ms‡ÿ‡c PUFA- cydv| †hgbÑ m~h©gyLxi †Zj ev mvbd¬vIqvi
A‡qj, m‡l©i †Zj Gme| †hme Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì nv‡U©i †Kvb mgm¨v †bB Zviv †h †Kvb
ai‡bi †Zj †L‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ †h mKj Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì nv‡U©i AmyL i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì
Lvev‡i †Zj eënv‡ii †ÿ‡Î mZK© n‡Z n‡e| me‡P‡q fv‡jv Dcvq njÑ cydv, gydv I mvdv
wbw`©ó AYycv‡Z wgwk‡q eënvi Kiv|

wewfbœ cÖKvi †mœn c`v‡_© †gvU d¨v‡Ui KZ kZvsk mvdv, gydv, I cydv Av‡Q Zv GKevi †`‡L
†bIqv hvK-
‡Zj ev d¨vU mvdv% gydv% cydv%
mi‡l †Zj 6 48 46
bvi‡Kj †Zj 87 7 6
Pxbvev`vg †Zj 26 59 15
wZj †Zj 14 45 41
mqvweb †Zj 21 25 54
cvg †Zj 52 39 9
ZzjvexR †Zj 24 26 50
†icwmW †Zj 6 50 44
m~h©gyLx †Zj 9 29 62
fzÆvi †Zj 18 26 56
eb¯úwZ 92 6 2
wN 64 33 3
gvLb 62 32 6
k³ gvR©vixb 78 14 8
big gvR©vixb 30 48 22
Zš‘ RvZxq Lv`¨
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì Lvev‡i Zš‘ ev dvBev‡ii cwigvY †ewk _vKv ìKvi| Zš‘RvZxq
Lv‡`ï g‡a¨ K¨v‡jvwi ev kw³i g~j¨ Lye Kg _v‡K| cvK¯’jxi g‡a¨ Zš‘ nRg n‡Z A‡bK mgq
jv‡M| d‡j i‡³i Møy‡Kv‡Ri cwigvY‡K wbqš¿‡Y ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| wewfbœ Zš‘‡Z cÖPzi
cwigv‡Y †mjy‡jvR _v‡K| †mjy‡jvR GK ai‡bi Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU| Z‡e gvby‡li †cŠwóKZ‡š¿ GB
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU‡K nRg Kivi ÿgZv _v‡K bv| ‡mjy‡jvR‡K nRg Ki‡Z †M‡j Ô†mjy‡jRÕ bv‡gi
Dr‡mPK ev GbRvBb cÖ‡qvRb| †hUv wKbv Miæ, QvMj, Mvav GBme Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYx‡ì
†cŠwóKZ‡š¿ _v‡K| ZvB Zviv †mjy‡jvR†K nRg Ki‡Z cv‡i| †mjy‡jvRhy³ GB Zš‘iv Rj
†kvlb K‡i dz‡j †du‡c _v‡K| ZvB Zš‘ RvZxq Lvevi LvIqvi ci †cU A‡bKÿY fiv fiv
_v‡K| mn‡R wL‡` cvq bv| hv wKbv Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì †ÿ‡Î GKUv we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb
K‡i| †mjy‡jvR hy³ Zš‘iv †kl‡gk g‡ji mv‡_ †`‡ni evB‡i ‡ei n‡q hvq| wbqwgZ
Zš‘RvZxq Lv`¨ †L‡j cvqLvbv cwi®‹vi _v‡K| Mg, IU, M‡gi fzwm, wewfbœ kvKmewR‡Z cÖPzi
cwigv‡Y Zš‘ ev dvBevi _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì Gme Lvevi wbqwgZ LvIqv cÖ‡qvRb|
†mjy‡jvR QvovI AviI GK ai‡bi dvBevi wewfbœ mewR, Wvj I dj-G _v‡K| †h¸wj‡K
Wv³vix fvlvq Avgiv ewj Ôbb÷vP© cwjm¨vKvivBW ev ms‡ÿ‡c (NSP)Õ| i‡³ kK©iv wbqš¿Y
ivL‡Z I †Kv‡j‡÷i‡ji mgm¨v Kgv‡Z GB ai‡bi NSP dvBevi Lv`¨ ZvwjKvq _vKv

ìKvi| mv`v AvUvi e`‡j jvj AvUv, cvwjm Kiv mv`v Pv‡ji e`‡j †XwK QuvUv jvj Pvj, gq`v
e`‡j AvUv LvIqv Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì c‡ÿ fv‡jv| Gm‡e‡Z NSP gvÎv †ewk _v‡K|
†Kvb Lvev‡i KZUv Zš‘ Av‡Q Zv †gvUvgywU fv‡e †`‡L †bIqv hvK:Ñ
wewfbœ Lvevi Zš‘i cwigvY
1. ivbœv Kiv wmg& Avav Kvc 1.4 MÖvg
2. 1 wcm cvDiæwU‡Z Zš‘ i‡q‡Q 0.3 MÖvg
3. Kb‡d¬Km& GK Kvc 3/4 MÖvg 1.7 MÖvg
4. gmyi Wvj Avav Kvc 1.2 MÖvg
5. gUi Wvj Avav Kvc 1.5 MÖvg
6. Avjy †m× Avav Kvc 0.4-0.6 MÖvg
7. eª‡Kvwj 1.2 MÖvg
8. MvRi KzPv‡bv Avav Kvc 0.6-0.8 MÖvg
9. gy‡jv KzPv‡bv Avav Kvc 2.2 MÖvg
10. Ug¨v‡Uv (gvSvwi gv‡ci) 0.6 MÖvg
A¨vw›U Aw·W¨v›Um I Wvqv‡ewUm
Avgv‡ì †ivRKvi Lvevi †_‡KB cwicvK I wecvK wµqvi ga¨ w`‡q †`‡ni cÖ‡qvRbxq
kw³ cvB| kix‡ii g‡a¨ †h Aweivg wecvK wµqv Pj‡Q Gi d‡j ˆZwi n‡”Q wKQz †hŠM ev wd«-
ivwWK¨vjm&| wd«-ivwWK¨vjm&¸wj †`‡ni wewfbœ †hŠ‡Mi mv‡_ wewµqv K‡i ‡`‡ni ÿwZ mvab
K‡i| wd«-ivwWK¨vjm& Gi
cÖfv‡e †Kv‡li c`©v ev †mj
†ggeªb ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| Ggb Kx
†Kv‡li gw¯Í®‹ ev wbDwK¬qv‡mi
Kvh©ÿgZv bó n‡q †h‡Zcv‡i|
ÔnvBcvi‡Kv‡j‡÷ijwgqvÕ A_©vr
i‡³ †Kv‡j‡÷i‡ji gvÎvwaK¨,
A¨v‡_‡ivm‡K¬‡ivwmm& ev ‡`‡ni
i³evnxbvjxi †fZi Pwe© R‡g
miæ n‡q hvIqv, K‡ivbvix nvU&
wWwRR& Av‡iv eû wec` G‡m
nvbv w`‡Z cv‡i|
wewfbœ cÖKvi A¨vw›U-Aw·W¨v‡›Ui ˆ`wbK cÖ‡qvRb
wfUvwgb ÔwmÕ - 500-900 wg.MÖv.
wfUvwgb ÔBÕ - 300-400 AvB.BD.
wfUvwgb ÔGÕ - 2-3 wg.MÖv.
weUvK¨viwUb - 10-15 wg.MÖv.
wRsK - 15-25 wg.MÖv.
†m‡jwbqvg - 100-200 wg.MÖv.
A¨vw›U- Aw·W¨v›Um n‡jv Ggb wKQz c`v_© hv wd«-ivwWK¨vjm&‡K wbw®Œq K‡i kixi‡K K‡i
†Zv‡j wec`gy³| mnR K‡i ej‡Z †M‡j A¨vw›U Aw·W¨v›Um gv‡b n‡jv hv Aw·‡R‡bi KvR‡K

evav †`q| Aw·‡Rb †Póv K‡i †`‡ni †fZi _vKv wewfbœ c`v‡_©i mv‡_ wewµqv NwU‡q Zvi
¸Yv¸Y I e¨envi cv‡ë w`‡Z| A¨vw›U-Aw·W¨v›Um Aw·‡R‡bi GB aŸsmvZ¥K KvR‡K cÖwZnZ
K‡i|
A¨vw›U Aw·W¨v›Um cvIqv hvq memgq iw½b I UvUKv kvKmewR, djg~‡j| †hgbÑ
Avg, KuvVvj, MvRi, exU, Kv‡jvRvg, cvKv Kzg‡ov, Ug¨v‡Uv,
meiK‡gi †jey‡Z cÖPzi A¨vw›U-Aw·W¨v›Um _v‡K| Avm‡j
A¨vw›U-Aw·W¨v›Um njÑ wewfbœ ai‡bi wfUvwgb I wKQz LwbR
c`v_© hv †`‡ni wewfbœ h‡š¿i KvR‡K wKQzUv n‡jI evavgy³
K‡i| K…wÎgfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv GBme wfUvwgb ev LwbR
U¨ve‡jU-K¨vcmyj AvKv‡i evRv‡i cvIqv hvq| Z‡e nu¨v,
wewfbœ M‡elYv ms¯’vi weÁvbxiv †ek wKQz mgxÿv Pvwj‡q
†`‡L‡Qb †h, cÖvK…wZK Lvev‡i †gvUvgywUfv‡e 100 kZvsk
KvR nq| Avi K…wÎg U¨ve‡jU-K¨vcmyj KvR K‡i kZKiv
20 †_‡K 25 fvM| ZvB †Zgb †Kv‡bv Amyweav bv _vK‡j
†cUcy‡i Lvb kvKmewR, djg~j, m¨vjvW|
fvZ, AvUv KZUv
cÖ_‡gB e‡jwQ Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv wgwó RvZxq mij Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Lv‡eb bv| KZUv
fvZ, AvUv ev Gai‡bi RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Lv‡eb Zvi wKQz wbw`©ó wbqg i‡q‡Q| ˆ`wbK wK
cwigvY RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †ivMx ‡L‡Z cv‡i Zv wbf©i Ki‡e †ivMxi eqm, IRb I i‡³i
kK©ivi gvÎvq Dci| Avgiv †h ˆ`bw›`b wewfbœ iKg KvRKg© Kwi; Zv‡Z kw³ ev K¨v‡jvwii
cÖ‡qvRb nq| GB K¨v‡jvwii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wbf©i K‡i e¨w³ wK ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Qb, Zvi †ckv
Kx? evwo‡Z Zv‡K Kx Kx ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Z nq? D”PZv I IRb KZ?GBme wewfbœ wel‡qi
Ici| 45eQi eq‡mi 5dzU 6BwÂ D”PZvi I 65 †KwR IR‡bi GKRb wi·vPvjK ev
kªgRxex gvbyl Zuv‡`i ˆ`wbK cÖvq 2,851 K¨v‡jvwi kw³i cÖ‡qvRb nq| Avevi 45eQi eq‡mi
5dzU 6BwÂ D”PZvi I 65 †KwR IR‡bi Awdm †KivYxi ˆ`wbK cÖvq 1,801 K¨v‡jvwi kw³i
cÖ‡qvRb nq|
†K KZUv Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU Lv‡eb Zvi mnR wnmve nj Zvi †gvU K¨v‡jvwii Pvwn`v‡K 10
w`‡q fvM K‡i Zvi mv‡_ 40 hy³ Ki‡j †h msLvwU cvIqv hv‡e Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx ZZ MÖvg
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU cÖwZw`b †L‡Z cv‡ib| aiv hvK mgxievey miKvix Awd‡m KvR K‡ib eqm 54
cvi K‡i 55 †Z cv w`‡jb| ˆ`wbK mewKQz wgwj‡q †h cwikªg K‡ib Zvi kw³ gvÎv 1700
wK‡jv K¨v‡jvwi| Zvn‡j mgxievey ˆ`wbK †h cwigvY Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU †L‡Z cv‡ib Zvi wnmveUv
nj 1700/10+40=210 MÖvg| GB 210 MÖvg RwUj Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU ev †k¦Zmvi‡K wZwb w`‡b
K‡qK fv‡M fvM K‡i †L‡Z cv‡i| mvaviYfv‡e Avgiv ev½vjxiv Pvievi Lvevi LvB| mKv‡j
†eªKdv÷ ev cÖvZtivk, `ycy‡i jvÂ ev gavý †fvRb, mÜvq nvjKv wUwdb, iv‡Z wWbvi ev
ˆbkvnvi| mgxievey‡K †gvU 210 MÖvg Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU ‡L‡Z n‡e| mKv‡ji †eªKdv‡÷ 41 MÖvg,
jv‡Â 75 MÖvg, mÜvq 30 MÖvg I iv‡Z 64 MÖvg| nu¨v, GUv †gvUvgywU AvswkK wnmve| Z‡e

LvIqvi mgq ùvwocvjøv wb‡q emvi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB| GKUz Kg †ewk n‡j gnvfviZ Aï×
n‡e bv| Z‡e †h wRwbmUv gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB w`‡bi eivÏ me Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU
GKev‡i LvIqv Pj‡e bv| fvM fvM K‡i ‡L‡Z n‡e| Zv bv n‡j i‡³ kK©ivi gvÎv nVvr †e‡o
†h‡Z cv‡i| Avevi †Kvb mgq i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv AwZwi³ K‡g wM‡q ÔnvB‡cvMøvB‡mwgqvÕ-i
wec` Avm‡Z cv‡i| †m Kvi‡Y Avgiv Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì Aí cwigv‡Y evi evi †L‡Z ewj|
we‡klZ huviv Bbmywjb Bb‡RK&kb wb‡”Qb Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î G wbqg K‡Vvi fv‡e cvjb Kiv
ìKvi|
fvZ bv iæwU Lv‡eb
A‡b‡Ki aviYv Av‡Q Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì fvZ bv ‡L‡q iæwU LvIqv DwPZ| GB aviYvi
†cQ‡b †Kvb êÁvwbK hyw³ †bB| KviY cÖwZMÖvg iæwU I fv‡Z K¨v‡jvwii †Zgb †Kvb †ni‡di
nq bv| ZvQvov fvZ I iæwU‡Z †k¦Zmvi I Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui cwigvY cÖvq mgvb mgvb| Z‡e
Pv‡ji Zzjbvq AvUv‡Z Zš‘ ev dvBevi †ewk _v‡K| ZvB iæwU †L‡j wKQzUv †cU cwi®‹vi nq|
†Kvôe×Zv nIqvi m¤¢vebv A‡bK As‡k K‡g hvq| fv‡Zi Av‡iKwU Amyweav nj †g‡c fvZ
LvIqv Lye Sv‡gjvi e¨vcvi| †m‡ÿ‡Î iæwU mn‡RB ¸‡Y LvIqv hvq| Z‡e hviv †f‡Zv evOvwj
`y-†ejv fvZ bv n‡j P‡jbv; Zviv `y-‡ejv fvZ I iæwU wgwk‡q †L‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ_‡g GKwU ev
`ywU iæwU †L‡q Zvici fvZ Lv‡eb| GB Af¨vm Ki‡Z cvi‡j me†ÿ‡ÎB jvf| we‡klZ iv‡Zi
†ejvq Aí fvZ †L‡j Nyg fv‡jv nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Z‡e memgq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e
†k¦Zmvi ev Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡Ui gvÎv †Kvbmgq †hb gvÎv bv Qvovq|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †hme Lvevi Gwo‡q Pj‡eb:-
1). ‡h †Kvb iK‡gi wgwó, AvBmwµg, Kzjwd, P‡Kv‡jU, wgQwi|
2). †hme Lvev‡i †ewk gvÎvq ÷vR© i‡q‡Q; †hgbÑ Avjy, wgwó Avjy, kuvKvjy, fv‡Zi gvo ev
†db|
3). mywR, gq`v, mv`v AvUv, †gwk‡b cvwjk Kiv Pvj|
4). `ya †_‡K ˆZwi †hme Lvev‡i d¨v‡Ui cwigvY †ewk _v‡K| †hgbÑ †Lvqv, cwbi, wPR,
`B|
5). wN, gvLb, WvjWv ev †Z‡jfvRv fvRv c‡ivUv, cywi, wm½vov, c‡Kvov|
6). †hme dj-G myMvi ev ÷vR© †ewk _v‡K| †hgbÑ Kjv, Av½yi, wjPz I Avg|
7). wW‡gi Kzmyg, Lvwmi gvsm, †g‡U, cïi hK…r, wNjy Lv‡eb bv|
8). IqvBb I weqvi RvZxq g`|
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †hme Lvevi ‡L‡Z cv‡ib:-
1). kK©ivnxb K…wÎg wgwó|
2). meyR kvKmewR, D‡”Q, Kijv, †eMyb, †Xuom, euvavKwc, dzjKwc, MvRi, mqvweb, mR‡b,
KuvPvKuvVvj ev Gu‡Pvo, †cuqvRKwj ZvQvov wewfbœ kvKcvZv|
3). AvUvi mv‡_ fzwm wgwj‡q iæwU †L‡Z n‡e|

4). gvLb †Zvjv `ya I Zv †_‡K ˆZwi `B|
5). †muKv cvco, Z›`yix iæwU ‡L‡Z cv‡ib|
6). Kgjv‡jey, †gŠmy¤^x, Aí cwigvY Av‡cj I ZigyR|
7). †L‡Z cv‡ib wW‡gi mv`v Ask, †QvU †`kxgyiMx, I meai‡bi †QvU gvQ|
8). gv‡S g‡a¨ †L‡Z cv‡ib(bv †L‡j AwZ DËg) eª¨vwÛ ev †mB ai‡bi cvbxq|
Wvqv‡ewUm †gvKvwejvq e¨vqvg
wbqwgZ e¨vqvg ïay Wvqv‡ewUm bq, ü`‡ivM, D”Pi³Pvc, †`‡ni AwZwi³ †g` Kgv‡bv I
AviI wewfbœ Amyweavi †gvKvwejvq Ab¨Zg nvwZqvi| kixi‡K my¯’, Kg©V, ivL‡Z †M‡j Zvi
Rb¨ mwVKfv‡e cwikªg Ki‡Z n‡e| mRxe I mej ivL‡Z n‡e mKj A½-cÖZ¨½‡K| e¨vqvg
ev G·vimvBR(Exercise) njÑ mwVK wb‡`©k †g‡b kixi Pvjbvi g‡a¨ w`‡q †`n I gb‡K
bx‡ivM ivLvi êÁvwbK c×wZ| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †gvKvwejvq wbqwgZ e¨vqv‡gi h‡_ô cÖfve
i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì †`‡ni me‡ckx I †Kvl¸wj‡K my¯’ mej ivL‡Z PvB ch©vß Aw·‡Rb I
cywó| e¨vqv‡gi g‡a¨ w`‡q wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨‡½ i³ mÂvjb evwo‡q Avgiv †mB cywó I
Aw·‡Rb †Kv‡l †Kv‡l †cŠu‡Q w`‡Z cvwi| wbqwgZ e¨vqv‡gi d‡j Avgv‡ì i‡³ Møy‡Kv‡Ri
cwigvY K‡g, K‡g Av‡m D”Pi³Pvc, i³im ev wmiv‡gi g‡a¨ _vKv †Kv‡j‡÷ij I
UªvBwMømvivB‡Wi gvÎv K‡g hvq|
e¨vqvg wewfbœ iK‡gi| nuvUv, mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv, muvZvi KvUv, A¨v‡ivweK e¨vqvg,
gvwëwR‡g e¨vqvg, †hvMe¨vqvg I AviI A‡bK wKQz| Gevi Avgiv e¨vqvg K‡qKwU welq m¤^‡Ü
†R‡b wbB-
nuvUv
nuvUv Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î GKwU my›ì e¨vqvg| AvRKvj Mvwo-†Nvovi msL¨v A‡bK
†e‡o †M‡Q| †ewk `~i nuvUv †Zgb nq bv| GgbwK †QvULv‡Uv `yi‡Z¡ gvbyl ev‡m, Uªv‡g, wi·vq
P‡o| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì Wv³v‡ii civgk© g‡Zv cÖwZw`b wbw`©ó c_ nuvU‡Z n‡e| nuvUv ev
åg‡bi Rb¨ †fvi‡ejvUvB fv‡jv| Z‡e hv‡ì mKvj‡ejv nuvUvi Amyweav i‡q‡Q, Zviv †Mva~wj
ev mÜ¨vq nuvU‡eb| †h iv¯Ívq †ewk Mvwo PjvPj K‡i †mLv‡b
bv nuvUvB fv‡jv| cvK©, †Ljvi gvV, †Kvjvnjnxb iv¯Ív
åg‡bi Rb¨ me‡P‡q Dchy³ RvqMv| nuvUvi mgq †cvkvK
n‡e wX‡jXvjv, cv‡q Pvgovi Ry‡Zv ev iev‡ii PwU bv c‡i
Avivg`vqK Kvc‡oi †KW&m I †gvRv ci‡eb| nuvUvi mgq
jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †giæ`Û †hb †mvRv _v‡K| cv‡qi mv‡_
Zvj wgwj‡q `ywU nvZ Av‡M-wc‡Q Kiæb| hLb Wvb cv Av‡M
hv‡e ZLb Wvb nvZ †cQ‡b Avi evg nvZ mvg‡b DV‡e|
evg cv‡qi †ÿ‡Î welqUv n‡e D‡ëv| nuvUvi ïiæ‡Z Av‡¯Í
nuvUzb, gv‡S `ªæZ, †k‡l Avevi nuvUvi MwZ Kwg‡q Avb‡Z

n‡e| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi mv‡_ hv‡ì nvU© wWwRm i‡q‡Q Zviv cÖ_g cÖ_g 10-15 wgwbU Av‡¯Í nuvUzb|
wKQzw`b ci ax‡i ax‡i nuvUvi mgqmxgv I MwZ‡eM evov‡eb| hw` †Kvb mgq AwZwi³ kvixwiK
Kó nq ZrÿYvr e‡m ev ï‡q wekªvg wbb| Gme wel‡q Avcbvi Wv³vieveyi civgk© g‡Zv
Pjyb| cokxi civg‡k© ev wb‡R †_‡K gvZeŸix K‡i wec` †W‡K Avb‡eb bv|
mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv
mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv GKai‡bi A¨v‡ivweK G·vimvBR| A_©vr kvixwiK cwikª‡gi mv‡_
mv‡_ k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡miI e¨vqvg nq| G‡Z ü`&hš¿ I dzmdzm `yB fv‡jv _v‡K| m¤¢e n‡j mßv‡n
wZb-Pviw`b AvaN›Uv K‡i mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv DwPZ| Z‡e hviv Wvqv‡ewU‡m AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Qb
Zv‡ì N›Uvq cuvP gvB‡ji †ewk †e‡M mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv DwPZ bq| ZvQvov Avcwb hw` Av‡M
wbqwgZ mvB‡Kj bv Pvwj‡q _v‡Kb; Z‡e bZzb K‡i mvB‡Kj Pvjv‡bv wkL‡Z hv‡eb bv|
†m‡ÿ‡Î nx‡Zi †P‡q wecixZ n‡Z cv‡i|
muvZvi KvUv
muvZvi KvUv GKwU c~Y©v½ e¨vqvg ÑGK_v Avgiv
A‡b‡KB Rvwb| muvZv‡i kix‡ii †gvUvgywU me A½
bovPov K‡i| †`‡ni cÖavb cÖavb gvsk‡ckx; †hgbÑ
†Kvgi, nvZ, cv, eyK, wcV Gme my`„p I †g`gy³ nq|
muvZv‡i ürwcÛ I dzmdz‡mi Kvh©ÿgZv ev‡o| hv‡ì
ü`&‡ivM aiv c‡o‡Q I Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q Zviv Wv³v‡ii civgk© Qvov muvZvi KvU‡eb bv|
A¨v‡ivweK e¨vqvg
N‡ii g‡a¨ Aven m½xZ ev wgDwR‡Ki Zv‡j GB e¨vqvg Kiv nq|
GUv A‡bKUv bv‡Pi g‡ZvB Dc‡fvM¨| gwnjv‡ì g‡a¨ A¨v‡ivweK
e¨vqvg µ‡gB RbwcÖq n‡”Q| G‡Z e¨vqvgRwbZ K¬vwšÍ A‡bK Kg
nq| g‡bi g‡a¨ wKQzUv D”Qvm I Avb›` Av‡m| †hme cyiæl I
gwnjviv †gèûj Zviv G †_‡K fv‡jv dj cv‡eb|
gvwëwR‡g e¨vqvg
gvwëwRg GKwU AvaywbK e¨vqvg| kn‡ii wewfbœ m¤£vš¿
AÂ‡j Ô†nj&_ K¬veÕ M‡o D‡V‡Q| gvwëwRg †nj&_ K¬ve¸wji GK
Ab¨Zg DcKiY| gvwëwR‡gi g‡a¨ kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki
e¨vqv‡gi Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v hš¿ jvMv‡bv _v‡K| †hgbÑ mvBW
UzBw÷s, I‡qU wb‡q mvBW †ewÛs, Rvw¤ús, w¯‹wcs, IqvKvi,
fvB‡eªUi, †ivjvi ¯úU ivwbs, wmU Avc AviI eû wKQz| kix‡ii

evowZ †g` Kgv‡Z I wewfbœ A½ mej ivL‡Z Gme LyeB Kvh©Kix| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi mv‡_
ü`&‡ivM aiv covi ci gvwëwR‡g wM‡q fvix e¨vqvg Kiv DwPZ bq|
e¨vqv‡gi mgq kix‡i Aw·‡R‡bi Pvwn`v †e‡o hvq| ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †e‡o hvq
ü`¯ú›`‡bi nvi| ü`&¯ú›`‡bi nvi ev nvU©weU gvÎvwaK n‡q †M‡j ü`&‡ivMxi ‡ÿ‡Î Zv †_‡K
wec` NU‡Z cv‡i| ZvB †hiKg G·vimvBR Kiæb bv †Kb, Zvi duv‡K gv‡S gv‡S cvj&m weU
¸‡Y †b‡eb| hLb †`L‡eb GB gvÎv Qvwo‡q †M‡Q m‡½ m‡½ e¨vqvg eÜ K‡i wekªvg wbb|
ü`¯ú›`‡bi m‡e©v”P gvÎv wbf©i K‡i `ywU wel‡qi Dci ‡ivMxi kvixwiK my¯’Zv I Zvi eqm|
Gevi †R‡b †bIqv hvK †Kvb e¨w³ m‡e©v”P KZ cvj&m †iU ch©šÍ G·vimvBR Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
†hvMe¨vqvg
mvaviYZ kixi‡K my¯’ ivLv, †ivMvµvšÍ kixi‡K †ivMgy³ Kiv I cigvZ¥vi mv‡_ AšÍi
AvZ¥vi wgj‡bi gva¨g wnmv‡e cÖvPxb fviZxq Fwl gbxlxiv †hvMe¨vqvg Af¨v‡mi cÖPjb K‡ib|
Wvqv‡ewUm cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z I †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z †hvMvmb LyeB Kvh©Kix|
gnwl© cZÄjx e‡j‡Qb Ôw¯’‡i myLgvmbg&Õ| A_©vr w¯’ifv‡e myLKi Ae¯’vbB Avmb|
†hvMvmb QvovI Av‡Q eûwea gy`ªv I cÖvYvqvg| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi ZxeªZv hLb †ewk _v‡K ZLb
fv‡jvfv‡e nuvUvPjvi ci †ivMx cÖ_g w`‡K I mKvj weKv‡j †Lvjv‡gjv
RvqMvq ågY cÖvYvqvg Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖvYvqvg nj cÖvY I Avcb evqy
ci¯ú‡ii ms‡hvM| gnwl© hvÁeé¨i fvlvqÑ ÔcÖvYvcvb mgv‡hvMt, cÖvYvqvg
BwZwiZtÕ| mnR K_vq ågY cÖvYvqvg nj- nuvUvi mgq c×wZMZfv‡e
k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡mi wbqš¿Y| nuvUvi mgq cÖwZ c`‡ÿ‡ci mv‡_ mv‡_ g‡b 1-2-
3-4 D”PviY K‡i `yB bv‡Ki wQ`ª w`‡q k¦vm wbb| Zvici Avevi Av‡Mi
g‡Zv 1-2-3-4 D”Pvi‡Yi m‡½ m‡½ k¦vmZ¨vM Kiæb| Gfv‡e GKgvm
Af¨vm Kivi ci k¦vm †bIqvi I Qvovi mgq evwo‡q w`b| †hgb- cÂg
I lô c`‡ÿc ch©šÍ k¦vm Qvo–b| g‡b ivL‡eb k¦vmMÖnY I k¦vmZ¨vM GB `yB-Gi DciB
gbtms‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kvb g‡ZB k¦vmaviY Ki‡eb bv| Zvovû‡ov bv K‡i ax‡i ax‡i Ges
mshZ c`Pvjbvq ågY cÖvYvqvg Kiæb| k¦vm MÖn‡bi mgq jÿ¨ ivLyb KZ †ewk evqy Avcwb
dzmdz‡m f‡i wb‡Z cvi‡Qb Ges k¦vmQvovi mgq †`Lyb ax‡i ax‡i KZ †ewk evqy Qvo‡Z
cvi‡Qb| Ggb cÖvYvqv‡gi ci evwo wd‡i kevmb Kiæb|
eqm(eQ‡i) my¯’ e¨w³(evi/wgwbU) Amy¯’ e¨w³(evi/wgwb‡U)
18 200 176
19-25 195 168
26-30 188 160
31-40 180 152
41-50 160 140
51-60 150 130
61 ev Zvi †ewk 140 118

ke A_©vr govi gZ wb¯ú›`fv‡e ï‡q wekªvg wb‡Z n‡e| wPr n‡q ï‡q co–b, cv `ywU j¤^v
K‡i w`b| `yÕcv‡qi gv‡S GK †_‡K †òdzU duvK _vK‡e, cv‡qi †Mvovjx †fZi w`‡q _vK‡e
Ges Av½yj¸wj evB‡ii w`‡K _vK‡e| nvZ `yÕwUI j¤^vjw¤^ fv‡e wb‡Ri myweav g‡Zv kix‡ii
`yÕcv‡k †i‡L kixiUv‡K hZUv m¤¢e AvjMv K‡i w`b| cÖ_‡g kix‡ii bx‡Pi Ask; cv‡qi ey‡ov
Av½yj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cv‡qi Ab¨vb¨ Av½yj, cv‡qi cvZv, nuvUz, _vB, †Kvgi †_‡K mg¯Í cv
A_©vr cÖwZwU A½‡K AvjMv K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| kix‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ gb n‡e kvšÍ- axi- wPšÍvk~b¨|
Avmb Ae¯’vq hw` Nyg Avm‡Z _v‡K Z‡e eyS‡Z n‡e AvmbwU wVKg‡Zv Af¨vm n‡”Q| kevmb
D”Pi³Pvc I ü`&‡ivMx‡ì c‡ÿ Aek¨ KiYxq| GB Avm‡b kix‡ii wewfbœ A½ Zš¿ I ü`q
m¤ú~Y© wekªvg cvq|
†iv‡Mi DcmM©¸wj hLb K‡g Avm‡e ZLb mKv‡j cÖvZtK…Z¨ †kl K‡i ev weKv‡j ågY
cÖvYvqv‡gi ci †MvgyLvmb, Rvbywkivmb, ceb gy³vmb, njvmb, Aa©gr‡m¨›`ªvmb, kkvsMvmb,
DÇxqb, DwÌZ c`vmb, cwð‡gvËvbvmb Af¨vm Kiv hvq| Gevi †hvMvmb¸wj m¤^‡Ü †R‡b
†bIqv hvK|
†MvgyLvmb:- GB Avmb Kivi mgq Af¨vmKvixi cv‡qi Ae¯’vb
†Mviæi gy‡Li g‡Zv †`Lvq e‡j G Avm‡bi G iKg bvg| cÖvPxb
fvi‡Zi †hv‡Mi D‡jøL‡hvM¨, MÖš’ ÕÕnV‡hvM cÖ`xwcKvÕÕ eB‡qi
1/23 m~‡Î G Avm‡bi DcKvwiZv m¤^‡Ü we¯ÍvwiZ †jLv Av‡Q|
GB AvmbwU wbqwgZ Af¨vm Ki‡j mv‡qvwUKv ev cv‡qi evZ, Ak©,
BDwib Bb‡dKkb ev cÖmªve msµgY Gme †_‡K `~‡i _vKv hvq|
c×wZ:- cv `yÕwU mvg‡b Qwo‡q emyb| Gevi Wvb cv nuvUzi Kv‡Q †f‡½ ev- cv‡qi bx‡P Wvb cv
G‡b, Wvb †Mvovjx w`‡q euv- w`‡Ki cv ¯úk© Kiæb| GLb euv cv nuvUzi KvQ †_‡K †f‡½ Wvb
cv‡qi †Mvovjx w`‡q cvQv ¯úk© Kiæb| Gmgq wkiùvov †mvRv ivL‡Z n‡e| GBevi euv-nvZ
gv_vi Ici Zz‡j KbyB‡qi KvQ †_‡K †f‡½ euv-w`‡K Nywi‡q euv-nv‡Zi Av½yj aiæb| Gevi
g‡b g‡b 1 †_‡K 15 ch©šÍ ¸byb| 1 wgwbU wekªvg wb‡q nvZ I cv e`‡j GKB fv‡e Af¨vm
Kiæb|
Rvbywkivmb:- GB Avm‡b Af¨vmKvixi Rvby A_©vr nuvUzi Ici
gv_v ev wki‡K ivL‡Z nq| ZvB GB Avm‡bi bvg Rvbywkivmb|
GB Avm‡b g~Îvkq ev BDwibvix eøvWv‡i Amyweav `~i nq| GB
Avm‡b c¨vswµqvm ev AMœ¨vk‡q Kvh©KwiZv ev‡o| i‡³ †ewk
cwigvY Bbmywjb †g‡k| d‡j eøvW-myMv‡ii gvÎv K‡g hvq| GB
AvmbwU wbqwgZ Af¨vm Ki‡j †cŠwóK Z‡š¿i AviI A‡bK
Amyweav `~i n‡Z cv‡i| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î cv‡qi mœvqy ev bvf© mPj ivLv we‡kl
cÖ‡qvRb| GB Avm‡b Zv n‡q _v‡K|

c×wZ:- `yÕcv mvg‡b Qwo‡q emyb| Wvb cv nuvUzi Kv‡Q †f‡½ cv‡qi †Mvovjx AÛ‡Kv‡li bx‡P
k³ K‡i †P‡c aiæb| Gmgq Wvb cv‡qi cvZv ev Eiæi mv‡_ †j‡M _vK‡e| Gevi `yÕnvZ w`‡q
ev cv‡qi Av½yj¸wj a‡i `g Qvo‡Z Qvo‡Z gv_v bxPz K‡i Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Kcvj euv- cv‡qi nuvUz‡Z
†VKv‡Z n‡e| GB Ae¯’vq g‡b g‡b 1 †_‡K 10 ch©šÍ ¸Yyb| G mgq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb
Wvb cv‡qi nuvUz †hb bv fv‡½ I Wvb cv †hb gvwU‡Z †j‡M _v‡K| Gici `y-cv Qwo‡q 1 wgwbU
wekªvg wbb| Zvici cv e`‡j GKB fv‡e Af¨vm Kiæb|
ceb gy³vmb:- GB Avm‡bi Af¨v‡mi d‡j
Af¨vmKvixi †c‡Ui g‡a¨ R‡g _vKv M¨vm ev evqy
cvqyc‡_ evB‡i †ewi‡q hvq| †m Kvi‡Y GB Avm‡bi
bvg ceb gy³vmb| GB Avmb Af¨v‡mi d‡j
†Kvôe×Zv `~i nq| hv‡ì gj KwVb nq; Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î
G AvmbwU LyeB DcKvix| GwU wbqwgZ Af¨v‡m wjfvi
I cvK¯’jxi `ye©jZv †m‡i hvq| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxi †Kvô cwi®‹vi nIqv LyeB Riæix| GB
Avm‡bi d‡j †c‡Ui †ckx mej nq, †c‡Ui Pwe© Kgvq| Rvby I cvQvi †ckxi w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv
ev‡o|
c×wZ:- wPr n‡q ï‡q co–b| cÖ_‡g Wvb cv nuvUzi KvQ †_‡K †f‡½ Ic‡i Zy‡j ey‡Ki Kv‡Q
Avbyb| Gevi `ÕynvZ w`‡q nuvUzi Kv‡Q †P‡c ao–b| hv‡Z _vB I †cU eyK‡K ¯úk© K‡i| GB
Ae¯’vq 25-30 †m‡KÛ _vKvi ci cv Qwo‡q w`b| wVK GKBfv‡e ev-cv‡q Af¨vm Kiæb|
`yÕcv‡q `y-evi K‡i †gvU Pvievi Af¨v‡mi ci 30 †m‡KÛ kevmb Kiæb| GBfv‡e ceb
gy³vmbwU 8-10 evi Af¨vm Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
njvmb:- GB Avmb Kivi mgq Af¨vmKvixi †`n ÔnjÕ A_©vr jv½‡ji g‡Zv †`L‡Z nq; ZvB
GB Avm‡bi bvg njvmb| GB Avmb Af¨v‡m †giæ`Û I _vBi‡qW MÖwš’ mej I Kg©V nq|
†c‡Ui †fZ‡i _vKv AMœ¨vk‡qi MÖwš’‡Z we‡kl
Pvc c‡o| †m Kvi‡Y Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì
c‡ÿ GB AvmbwU LyeB DcKvix| GQvovI
†Kvôe×Zv, †cU duvcv, M¨vm, A¤^j GB
Avm‡b `~i nq|
c×wZ:- `yÕwU nvZ †`‡ni `yÕcv‡k †i‡L wPr n‡q
ï‡q co–b| jÿ¨ ivL‡eb nv‡Zi †P‡Uv `yÕwU †hb †g‡S‡K ¯úk© K‡i| GBevi †P‡Uvi Ic‡i fi
w`‡q `g wb‡Z wb‡Z `yÕwU cv gv_vi †cQ‡b wb‡q hvb| hZUv `~‡i m¤¢e †g‡S‡Z jvMvb| Gevi
`g Qvo–b| †Lqvj ivL‡eb _yZwb †hb ey‡K †j‡M _v‡K| cv‡qi nuvUz †hb bv f‡½| GB Ae¯’vq
30 †m‡KÛ _vKvi ci `g wb‡Z wb‡Z Av‡Mi Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avmyb| GB AvmbwU 4-6 evi
Af¨vm Kiæb| cÖwZevi Af¨v‡mi ci wKQzÿY kevmb Ki‡eb|

Aa©gr‡m¨›`ªvmb:- †hvMxivR ¯^vgx gr‡m¨›`ªbv_ GB ai‡bi GKwU Avmb cÖ_g cÖPjb K‡ib|
Z‡e mvavib gvby‡li c‡ÿ †mwU Af¨vm Kiv LyeB KóKi| †m Kvi‡Y †mUvB GKUz cwieZ©b
K‡i Aa©gr‡m¨›`ªvmb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Avm‡b †`‡ni †giæ`Û
LyeB w¯’wZ¯’vcK nq| †Kvg‡oi evZ, wc‡V e¨_v, †Kvôe×Zv GB
Avm‡b `~i nq| Avgv‡ì †giæ`‡Ûi cÖvq QvweŸkwU K‡kiæKv †fZ‡i
_vKv mœvqy‡Z cÖPzi i³ cÖevwnZ nq| Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡ì cv I †Kvg‡o
†h mœvqyi weKjZv †`Lv †`q Aa©gr‡m¨›`ªvmb Zv mvwi‡q †Zv‡j|
c×wZ:- `yÕwU cv mvg‡bi w`‡K Qwo‡q †mvRv n‡q emyb| GBevi
WvbnuvUz †f‡½ Wvb cv‡qi †Mvovjx AÛ‡Kvl ev †hvwb Øv‡ii Kv‡Q wb‡q
Avmyb| Gevi euvÕcv Wvb cv‡qi Wvbw`‡K Luvovfv‡e gvwU‡Z ivLyb| Wvb
nvZ w`‡q euvÕ nuvUzwU k³ K‡i a‡i ivL‡eb| GBevi euv-nvZ euv w`K w`‡q wb‡q wM‡q _vB ¯úk©
Kiæb| kixiwU‡K hZ`~i m¤¢e Wvb w`‡K †Nvivb| GB Ae¯’vq 30 †m‡KÛ †_‡K `yÕcv Av‡Mi
g‡Zv mvg‡b Qwo‡q w`b| cv e`j K‡i GKBfv‡e D‡ëvw`‡K Af¨vm Kiæb|
kkvsMvmb:- †kvbv hvq fq †c‡j Li‡Mvk Zvi ÔkkÕ wb‡Ri gv_v bxPz
K‡i jywK‡q iv‡L|| GB Avmb Af¨vmKvixi †`nUv †miKg nq e‡j
Avm‡bi bvg kkvsMvmb| GB Avmb Af¨v‡mi mgq †giæ`‡Û j¤^vjw¤^
Uvb c‡o| †giæ`‡Ûi ‰`N¨ ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †_‡K BwÂ Lv‡bK †e‡o hvq|
GB Avm‡b _vBi‡qW, wcUzBUvwi MÖwš’ I c¨vswµqv‡mi Kvh©ÿgZv
ev‡o| Gid‡j Wvqv‡ewUm AwZwi³ ¯’yjZ¡ ev kxY©Zv GBme Amyweav
`~i nq|
c×wZ:- nuvUz †Mu‡o `yÕcv‡q Dci emyb| gjØvi `yÕwU ‡Muvovjxi gvSLv‡b _vK‡e| Gevi `yÕnvZ
w`‡q †Muvovjx †P‡c aiæb| wbZ¤^ ev cvQv Zz‡j hZUv m¤¢e mvg‡bi w`‡K wb‡q hvb| gv_v byB‡q
nuvUzi mvg‡b G‡b gv_vi Zvjy †g‡S‡Z I Kcvj nuvUz‡Z †VKvb| GB Ae¯’vq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e
†Kvgo †_‡K gv_vi Ask †hb aby‡Ki g‡Zv †eu‡K _v‡K| wPeyK ey‡K †V‡K KÉbvjx‡Z †hb †ek
Pvc †`q| GB Ae¯’vq 30 †m‡KÛ _vKvi ci kevmb Kiæb|
DÇxqb:- cÖvPxb fvi‡Zi †hv‡Mi MÖš’ ÔnV‡hvM- cÖ`xwcKvqÕ GB Avm‡bi ¸Yv¸Y eY©bv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| †NiÛ- msMxZv‡ZI GB Avm‡bi D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| GB Avm‡b
cvK¯’jx, ¶z`ªvš¿, hK…r GBme A½hš¿ ¸wji Kvh©ÿgZv ev‡o| †hme
Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMxiv †c‡Ui wewfbœ Amyweavq fzM‡Qb Zviv mKvj‡ejvq
Lvwj‡c‡U GB AvmbwU Af¨vm Kiæb| fv‡jv dj †c‡Z cv‡ib|
c×wZ:Ñ `yÕwU cv cÖvq ‡òdzU duvK K‡i ùvovb| Gevi `yÕwU nuvUzi
Ic‡i `yÕnvZ †i‡L kix‡ii Ic‡ii Ask mvg‡b mvgvb¨ †euwK‡q w`b|
GBevi `g †Q‡o w`‡q bvwf, †c‡Ui †ckx hZUv m¤¢e †fZ‡ii w`‡K
†U‡b Avbyb| ey‡Ki †ckx‡KI Ic‡i †Zvjvi †Póv Kiæb| GBfv‡e 20

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