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Cerebral palsy
1. Cerebral Palsy
Types, Causes, and Treatments
Presented by: Melissa Estrada. Biology 033. Fall 2013
Image source: cerebralpalsy.org: http://cerebralpalsy.org/about-cerebral-palsy/types/
2. Defining the medical term
Image source: kidshealth.org: http://cerebralpalsy.org/about-cerebral-palsy/types/
3. Defining Cerebral Palsy
a group of disorders that affect a person’s ability to
move and maintain balance and posture
CP is the most common motor disability in
childhood
1 in 303 children in the U.S. have CP
All people with CP have problems with movement
and posture
Many also have related conditions such as
intellectual disability, seizures, problems with
vision, hearing, or speech, changes in the spine, or
joint problems
4. A Closer Look at CP
Image source: dreaswar.com: http://dreaswar.com/orthopaedic-surgery/paediatric-orthopaedics-treating-thedisorders-of-childrens-bones/cerebral-palsy/cerebral-palsy-in-children-a-faq/
5. A Closer Look at CP
Image source: Cerebral Palsy League: http://www.cpl.org.au/research/cp/types-of-cerebral-palsy
6. Types of Cerebral Palsy
There are four main types
of CP:
1.Spastic
2. Dyskinetic
(athetoid, choreoathetoid,
dystonic)
3. Ataxic
4. Mixed
Other form of categorizing
severity
7. Causes
Cerebral palsy is caused
by an abnormality or
disruption in brain
development, usually
before a child is born
Image source: Birthinjury.org: http://birthinjury.org/brain-injury-cerebral-palsy-tour-of-brain.html
8. Causes
Congenital CP
85-90%
Risk Factors:
• low birth weight
• Premature birth
• Multiple births
• Assisted Reproductive Technology
• Infections
• Jaundice
• Medical conditions of the mother
• Birth complications
Acquired CP
Occurs more than 28 days after birth
Causes:
• Infection
• Injury
• Problem with blood flow to the brain
9. Treatments
There is no cure
Treatment goal is for individual to be as independent as possible
Team approach is needed
Primary care doctor
Dentist
Social worker
Teachers
Occupational, physical, and speech therapists
other specialists
Treatment is based on the individual’s symptoms
The following may help with learning and communication:
Glasses
Hearing aids
Walking aids
Wheelchairs
Medications may help with some symptoms
Anticonvulsants
Botulinum toxin
2
Muscle relaxants (Baclofen)
1
Image 1 source: http://www.ramsni.com/information_links/Cerebral%20Palsay/Cerebral%20Palsay%20info.html
Image 2 source: http://www.hiwtc.com/products/cerebral-palsy-wheelchair-1044-1958.htm
11. References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cerebral Palsy (CP).
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/cp/facts.html.
Mayo Clinic. Cerebral Palsy.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cerebral-palsyDS00302DSECTION=causes
My Child. Cerebral Palsy. http://cerebralpalsy.org/about-cerebral-palsy/
U.S. National Library of Medicine. Cerebral Palsy.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001734/