Usability in Wonderland: 5 Things You Should Never Do in VR

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VR Usability in
Wonderland
5 Things You Should
Never Do in VR
@NicoleLazzaro

VRDC 2016
San Francisco
November 2, 2016

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Nicole Lazzaro VR Developer
Expert on VR Emotion and Engagement
Making VR Fun
@NicoleLazzaro
•  Game Developer
•  Programmer
•  Filmmaker
•  Emotion
•  Stanford Psychology
•  1st iPhone Game

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15 Mins
!

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Innovators
Dilemma
Technology
evolution goes
through 3 stages.

1. Horse & Buggy
2. Horseless
Carriage
3. True Automobile

Pairing a console
game controller &
UI with a VR HMD
feels like a slapping
transparent D-Pad
on an iPhone game
øDisruptive technologies typically enable new markets to emerge.
Clayton M. Christensen, The Innovator’s Dilemma

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VR Needs Innovation Tools
Ø No one knows what they are doing
Ø Just try to see what works
Ø Everything is different
Ø Presence / Empathy
Instead we need first principles
How to think like a VR designer
How to make it feel like Wonderland
“That doesn’t work in VR” often means that it’s hard or it’s new

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5 Things “You Should Never to Do in VR”
(and how to do them :)

1. Move the Camera
2. Use a HUD
3. Port Gameplay
4. Create Strong Emotion
5. Play Audio

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First
Understand
What VR is
0

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VR is HOT
VR Emotions
• Deeper
• Stronger
• More Personal
VR Creates Strong Emotions
The Player is the protagonist
VR
Books
Movies
Games
More realistic than any communication medium we’ve ever invented

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4 Crayons
VR
VR Design is More Architecture than Film

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Experiment

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Spot the
Diﬀerences

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Add Depth Information

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If You Can’t
Play With
Just the
Depth Map,
It’s Not VR.

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Use Spatial Learning: Outside Human HeartXEODesign
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Use Spatial Learning: Inside Human HeartXEODesign
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Scale
Time
Space
POV

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Move the
Camera
1

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Ø Follow Camera
(God Cam Instead)
A follow camera on
a diagonal jumping
puzzles is one of
the hardest things
to do well in VR
because it involves
forward, sideways,
and vertical motion
compounded by
camera motion.
None of these
motions are felt by
the player.
Unfortunately.
Edge of Nowhere, Insomniac

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External Frame
Gunjack, CCP

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Architecture
Framing
Spielberg “Oner” Framing for long takes in Jaws

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Architecture Frame Hover JunkersXEODesign
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xxx
Teleport Robo RecallXEODesign
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Flash (Visual Memory Only)XEODesign
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Slo Mo / Bullet TimeXEODesign
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Edge Blur in Eagles Flight (for fast motion)XEODesign
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Shake in 6x9 or Cover (blanket toss)XEODesign
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Device (offers a strong focus)XEODesign
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Use a
HUD
2

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HUD = Depth
Part of Tilt Brush’s
appeal is the sense
of progress from
creating a world
around the player.

Build the world
around the player
rather than navigate
through it.

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Job Simulator, Owlchemy Labs
The World is Your UI: Job SimulatorXEODesign
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World is UI Embed Progress: Fantastic ContraptionXEODesign
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2. HUD
UI in the world.
Defense Grid 2 VR Enhanced Edition
Hidden Path
UI in the World: Defense Grid 2 VRXEODesign
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Beware of Neck StrainXEODesign
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AR HUD Depth: EVE GunjackXEODesign
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Depth Cursors: Follow the White RabbitXEODesign
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Gesture Toggles: Bridge CrewXEODesign
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Floating Dice Selection is Special: KismitXEODesign
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Weapon HUD
Weapons with their
own in-game HUD
for ammo etc. work
better than on the
glass. Elements that
ﬂoat in the air like
an AR display with
some depth work
well in VR.

xxx
Halo 4, 343 Industries / Certain Aﬃnity
(for XBOX)

HUD
Hands
Device: The GalleryXEODesign
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3
Clone
Gameplay

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WTF?
Where’s the Fun?
Hint Presence is Not the Same as Fun

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The 4 Keys

Each emotion has a function
•  Curiosity > explore
•  Frustration > goal
•  Amusement > social bond
•  Satisfaction > value
Ways we trigger these
emotions are different in VR

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The 4 Keys to Fun

Easy Fun Micro Loop
Hard Fun Main Loop
People Fun Social
Engagement Loop
Serious Fun Meta Loop
The 4 Keys to Fun Increases Engagement
Use the 4 Keys to Fun: Best selling games allow players to move between different kinds of play.

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4 Keys

Escape The Micro Loop of Gameplay
VR Goal
Frustration
Core Loop
VR Collection
Desire
Meta Loop
4 Keys to Fun
Beyond novelty offer more kinds of VR fun

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Gestures “Unspoken” (Needs 3D Strategy)XEODesign
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Gameplay Use Depth Bows Swords Puzzles

Inspiration Not CloningXEODesign
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4
Create
Strong
Emotion

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Emotion Solves VR’s Challenges
Emotion is a Design Tool. Emotions solve VR / AR’s biggest challenges.
Desire to
Return
Emotions make an
experience more
memorable and desirable.
Have Fun
Without emotion there is no fun.
Create Social
Emotions
People play games to spend
time with their friends. Social
emotions make players feel
more connected in VR / AR.
Direct Attention
Emotions focus players and help
them follow along without the
camera framing the action.
Increase Comfort
Strong emotions (the right kind)
change players’ physiology
to increase comfort.
Create Haptics
Without a suit and gloves.
Port Gameplay
Provide fun of popular genres
within VR / AR’s constraints.

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VR’s Most Dangerous Emotion
Motion
Uncanny Valley
Blood & Zombies
Disgust
Makes You Rip the HMD OFF

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Emotion Polarity
Use Emotion Polarity to Increases Depth

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Emotion Intensity
Emotion for VR is more TV than the stage
Master of:

a.  Fear
b.  Jump Scares
c.  Suspense

Alfred Hitchcock

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Emotion Proﬁle &
Architectures
VR taps emotions
that no other
entertainment
platform ever has.
Follow the White Rabbit, XEOPlay

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5
Play
Audio

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Play Audio
Subpac Wearable
creates tactile
audio.

In VR, although
headphones are
worn, stereo audio,
and binaural audio
decreases
immersion rather
than increases it.

This is the opposite
of games.

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VR Audio Ø Position Direction Distance
Design Everything About VR Audio Inside Out
Traditional
VR

Notes on Blindness, Archer’s Mark

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36 VR Benchmarks

To improve VR experiences in early design
Focus
AudienceAudience
Comfort
Feedback
Controls
Fun
UI/UX
Emotion
PX
Audio
Platform
Social

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5 Things You Should Never to Do in VR

1. Move the Camera
2. Use a HUD
3. Port Gameplay
4. Create Strong Emotion
5. Play Audio

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@NicoleLazzaro
Nlazz@xeodesign.com
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Where’s the Fun?
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Usability in Wonderland: 5 Things You Should Never Do in VR

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