Easy understanding about different types of companies with Good chart though which the concepts can be more interesting one.

1. TYPES OF COMPANIES
Presentation by:-
Rehaman.M
MBA (student)

2. TYPES OF COMPANIES
Companies
Incorporated
Chartered
Companies
Statutory
Companies
Registered
Companies
Liability
Limited
Unlimited
Number of
Member
Private
Public
Control
Holding
Subsidiary
Ownership
Government
Non-
Government

3. CLASSIFICATION OF COMPANIES:
I. On the Basis of Incorporation:-
1. Chartered Companies:
Companies set up as a result of a royal charter granted by a king
or queen of a country are known as chartered companies. Example: East India Company,
the Bank of England etc.
2. Statutory Companies:
Companies set up by Special Acts of Parliament or State
Legislatures are called Statutory Companies. Example: Reserve Bank of India, Life
Insurance Corporation of India, Unit Trust of India etc..

4. 3. Registered Companies:
Companies registered under the Indian Companies Act, 1956 or
under any of the previous Companies Acts are called registered companies. Most of the
companies in India belong to this category
4. Licensed Companies:
Companies established for the promotion of arts, science, religion,
charity or any other similar objects can obtain license under Sec.25 from the Central
Government and enjoy certain privileges.
5. Foreign Companies:
A company incorporated outside India under the law of the country
of incorporation but having established its business in India is called a foreign company.

5. II. ON THE BASIS OF LIABILITY
1. Companies with Limited Liability:
It is a company where the liability of
the shareholder remains limited to the nominal value of the shares held by
him.
2. Unlimited Companies:
Here the liability of its members is unlimited. In other
words, their liability extends to their private properties also. Unlimited
companies are almost non-existent these days.

6. 3. Companies Limited by Guarantee:
In a guarantee company
the liability of a shareholder is limited to the amount he has
voluntarily undertaken to contribute towards the assets of the
company to meet out any deficiency at the time of it winding up.
Such a company may or may not have a share capital.

7. III. ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF
MEMBERS
1. PRIVATE COMPANY :-
A company which has a minimum paid-up capital of Rs 1,00,000 or such higher paid up
capital as may be prescribed, and by its articles
a. Restricts the right to transfer its shares, if any
b. Limits the number of its members to 50.
c. Prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any shares in, or debentures of, the
company,
d. Prohibits any invitation or acceptance of deposits from persons other than its members,
directors or their relatives.

8. 2. PUBLIC COMPANY :-
A public company means a company which-
a. has a minimum paid-up capital of Rs. 5 lakh or such higher paid-up capital, as may be
prescribed.
b. is a private company which is a subsidiary of a company which is not a private company.
Every public company, existing on the commencement of the Companies Act, 2000,
with a paid-up capital of less than Rs. 5 lakh, within a period of two years from such
commencement, enhance its paid-up capital to Rs. 5 lakh

9. IV. ON THE BASIS OF CONTROL:-
1. Holding Companies:
A company is known as the holding company of another company if
it has control over the other company. According to Sec 4(4) a company is deemed to be
the holding company of another if, but only if that other is its subsidiary. A company may
become a holding company of another company in either of the following three ways :-
a) by holding more than fifty per cent of the normal value of issued equity capital of the
company; or
b) b) By holding more than fifty per cent of its voting rights;
c) or c) by securing to itself the right to appoint, the majority of the directors of the other
company , directly or indirectly.

10. 2. Subsidiary Company:-
A company is know as a subsidiary of
another company when its control is exercised by the latter
(called holding company) over theSubsidiary Company. [Sec. 4
(I)]. A company is know as a subsidiary of another company
when its control is exercised by the latter (called holding
company) over the

11. V. ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP
1.Government Company:
A Government Company means any company in which not less
than 51 per cent of the paid-up share capital is held by
(a) the Central Government, or
(b) any State Government or Governments, or
(c) partly by the Central Government and partly by one or more State Governments.
A subsidiary of a Government company is also called a Government company
Example: Indian telephone Industries Hindustan
Aeronautics Ltd.

12. 2. One Man Company:-
A member may hold virtually the entire share capital of a company.
Such a company is known as a “one-man company”. This can happen both in a private
company and a public company. The other member/ members of the company may be
holding just one share each. Such other members may be just dummies for the purpose of
fulfilling the requirements of law as regards minimum membership
3. Deemed Public Company:
The Companies (Amendment) Act. 2000 has, by introducing a sub-
section (11) to Section 43A, made that a private company will not automatically become a
public company on account of shareholding or turnover

13. 4. Non-Trading Company/Non-Profit Association:
Such a company must have the objects of
promoting of commerce, arts, science, religion, charity or any other useful object and must
apply its profit, if any, or other income in promoting its object and must prohibit payment of
any dividend to its members.
5. Investment Companies:
An investment company is a company the principal business of
which consists in acquiring, holding and dealing in shares and securities. It involves only the
acquisition and holding of shares and securities and thereby earning income by way of
interest, dividend, etc.

14. THANK YOU
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