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Essential Compounding Chemicals
used with PVC Resin
Prepared by Siddhartha Roy
Royplastech
614A K.P. Tower 2
Fatimanagar, Pune 411013

o
o
o

!

PVC Resin.
"
%$
&$ '
($ ) *
"$

#

$
Suspension Grade PVC:
+

!

,

#
+
*

,

$-

.

$

#
*

/ 1&/
0 0

!

+

$
$

!

2

3
,4

!
,!

*

$

#
+

*

5
60 $
,
+

+,

,

$

Emulsion Grade PVC:
'
2

+
$
'

!

+

!
-

!

#
+

*

*

$
$
+
#

) *

$7

#

$

'
$

) *
,
2

$

$

%8 1%60
0

!

$
2

!

+

+

$

4
94

:

9

:$

!

$
!

+

+
*

$;

2

!
$

Bulk Polymerised PVC:

!
) *

!
$

$

!
)

+

<!
=2
'

*
+

<
) *

,

3

$
$

Copolymer PVC:
+

# +
$
$
7*

5

*

!
!
$

!

*
!

$

!

+
!

+

+
6"> +
!

%8
>$

!

$*

$
5

!

$

,

!

+

+ ! +
$

K Value
<
1
#
<0 /
? 1?

,

+

$

<!

+

!

$
!

#

$

,7
$7

</ 6
8 18

<!

$

+

$

;

!

$3

93

:

+
$
; .

)

$
+

!

< 618
/ 0

+<
1!

$;

+
*

$;
,
+
$

+
<!

,
.

*
$

;

<

$
<0 /
/ 1/

+
$7

)

)

+

$

$
/>
8

,

+

+

2

,

$

Primary Plasticisers:
*
+

$

#
5

%"0 0
1%/
$@

5
2

+

2

$

!
2

9+

:

5
2

5

+
#

,

!

!

'

$
$
#

9

$

$
!

B4
A

!
$7

94 :
A
+

+

+
+ !
4 A

$A

4
A
:,

9

9

:$

@

;

)

"

4)

94 :
)

A

6

4A

94 :
A

7 A

6

47 A

3
,

;

94 A :
7
4
A

@

C

4@

94 :
@

+

@

2
$

7 4

%0

47 4

94 4 :
7

+

)
$
$

!
5
$'
4 ,
A

$

!
!

# $7
!

$
,

$
)

#
,

+ ! ,
$4
)
, $ $
!

$
4
)
!
+ +

!

,

+$
!
$7

#

!

$

*

$
#
+

4 B4 4 $
@
7

$
3

9

:

,

+
$

2

!

$
,9
,

,@

*

;

+

,

,

$:$

A

$

?,
?

4
A 9
:
%$
#
2
+ 4
A
$
2
/
0
4
A
#
!
,
#
/ = /2%0
0/
0 0
$C% 9C%>:$
2
!,

/
/

#

@
'
4)

94 :
)

%$0
/

4A

94 :
A

%$0

47 A

94 A :
7

4@

94 :
@

47 4

0
$C6

94 4 :
7

!

%$0

0
$C/

2

$

Secondary Plasticisers:
2
$

!

$
*

! $
$- 2
,
!

- 2 9 -:
A 9 A:

! !

"0 0
18 >$
+
$

!

-$
'

,

$
!

$
A
! ! $

A

!

$

2

!

+

$
,

+

$7
#

+

!

2

$

2
$

!
$

!

,>
'

- 2

"0
>

- 2

? 18
0 0

0 10 0
$"0 $/

/>
8

(0
>

0 0D 0 /
$/
$/

:

(/
>
"0
>

(/
>

0
$6

/> 9
8

A

? 1C0
/

4
A

8 1%0 >
0 0

/ 18 >
0 0
! $

!

!

* +

,

,
4 $
A

' 2

$
+
+

$

2
$

Stabilisers:
$

*

,

$
2

!
*

Heat Stabilisers:

2
,

$'
2
+

!,
3 !

5
$
5
$

.

+

+
2 $

$
.
2

!

;

$

!" #
)1

5
5

&1(

1F

5

&1(

1F

5

( 1"

+

& 1"

5

$

%$/D &$/

) 1F

,

0 1%
$/

#"

$

2

%
&
E

&0
0

2

E

%C0

2

E

&&0

E

&/
0

E

%0
0

E

(/
0

@
A

2

5

@

2

$

@

B@

Stabiliser application areas:
;

@

,

,

$

B
! ,

,
$

$
2$
$

)
,
,;

5
1F

;

A
2

+

$
$

,@

)1

$

,

@

2

,
+
1F

$

;

;

$
+

+

$

Light Stabilisers:
;

;2

;

3
,4
)

$

+ !
.

3
#

2

$

*
$
2

*

(0 0 0 0 * :$ 0 1/ 0 =

!

!

!
2
90
$%10
$(

+

! 9

$

:

$
' 2

A

$

#

$

,
+
A

;2
' 2

5
$

)

' 2

A $

Lubricants:
!

*

+

+

$

!

$

,- 2
$4

;
+, 0
$%10
$(

+ 2
$

2

!

$

*,

$

,

2

+,

A!

$

!

;

*
$@

!

,

!
;2

#

$$

+

;

$
7
!

9

!

:

'
2

,

9

+ !

:$

!

$

Fillers:
+

+
,

,

.

$

!

! +

,
*

$)

'

!$
*
2

,

+

!

@
$

Ground Calcium Carbonate:

$
+

+
+

$

$
+

+
5

9#
,+

+

:

5

! #
$
2

$

5
!
!

*
2

$

!

+

*
! $

2

;
,+

,

!

$
+

+
;

,

*

!

!
7.

2
+

!$

+
+
$

@

+5
5

$
2

'

+
!

$

$

5

,
5

+

4

$7

!

$

Precipitated Calcium Carbonate:
!
! 7

$
;

,

!
$

+
$$
#$

9

,

+

:

!
+

,

$

+
$

)

7
A(

2

2

!
4
A

$

,

!
$

,

*

!

$
$
+

$4
A
! $

$
,

5

!
+

A
+

,4
+

$

+

A 94 :
A
=

A&$

$

*
,-

,
$
!

-

$
+
-

!
*

#

,

!

$

+

*

$

Pigments:
!
•

7

•

. $

A

•

)

*$

7

2

+
4 2

+

2

$

+

$

Important Inorganic Pigment groups:
•

3

)

•

G

•
•

+,A

,) +

,A
7

A2

,G

) +, )
+

+

*7
$

2
$

7

,

!

+

$

Important Organic Pigment Groups:
•

)

•
•
•

,
,A

#

-

,

*
+ ! +
+
+

$

A

+

#
,

+

$
*

Masterbatches:
!
1

$4!
+
+

2. $ ;
$
!

5

!
,

*

$
2

+

+

$
Special Additives:
+

!

!
$

'

+

!

+

,

(

!

$

+

*
!

,
!

'
2

+
)

!

* #

*+

$

,
+$

(
;)

,

*
7

+

*
'9

$

!
:

$

Fire Retardants and Smoke Suppressants:
+
$;

5

$)
&A(

$

+
+

2
*

!
2

*
* $ A2

$
/>
8

,

$

)

9

2:

+
$

&A(

+
$2

+

#

*

,

$7
+

$
*

! ,

+

$

Foaming Agents:
+
!

* @

4 2 $
$

*
+

*

+
+

$
* +

!
2

!
$
;

!
+
+

$A

!

!

$
"

#

#+

# (
*

+ $

+

!
$

+

* )

$

Volume Cost:
$7
2

!

*

$
+

9;

:

9

2
+

,

$

$
,

:$

+

+
<

,

,

$
7

<

,
$
,

*

!

!
#

$
+

+

*$

$
9

$=

:H

7

$= $: 24
<

,
!
+
!

7

9

+

2

,

!

$
$ 7! +
$7 .
!
C$/ A
>$
+
+

= :

$;

+ !
!

,
,

&0
>

<$
/ >$ 7
$8

9< $=

+
,
.

!
$

/
>,
Volume Cost of Major Ingredients
Ingredient

% of Resin
Cost

Cost Rs/Kg

PVC
Rs.80.00
DOP
Rs.100.00
Flow Promoter
Rs.250.00
Stabiliser
Rs.120.00
Filler
Rs.16.00
TiO2
Rs.120.00
Formula 1

Density Kg/Ltr

PVC
DOP
Flow
Promoter
Stabiliser
Filler
TiO2
Total

1.4
0.98
1.05
2.3
2.7
5.6

125.00%
312.50%
150.00%
20.00%
150.00%

Recipe Kgs

Cost Rs/ Kg

Litres

30
7.5

Rs.2,400.00
Rs.750.00

21.43
7.65

0.25

Rs.62.50

0.24

1
100
3.5
142.25

Rs.120.00
Rs.1,600.00
Rs.420.00
Rs.5,352.50
Cost/Kg
Rs.37.63

0.43
37.04
0.63
67.42
Rs/ Litre
Rs.79.39

Volume
% of Resin
Cost Rs/Ltr. Vol. Cost
Rs.112.00
Rs.98.00
Rs.262.50
Rs.276.00
Rs.43.20
Rs.672.00
Formula 2
Recipe Kgs

Cost Rs/ Kg

Litres

PVC
DOP

30
7.5

Rs.2,400.00
Rs.750.00

21.43
7.65

CPW

0.25

Rs.62.50

0.24

1
80
3.5
122.25

Rs.120.00
Rs.1,280.00
Rs.420.00
Rs.5,032.50
Cost/Kg
Rs.41.17

0.43
29.63
0.63
60.01
Rs/ Litre
Rs.83.86

-9.40%

-5.63%

Stabiliser
Filler
TiO2
Total

Increase

*

,# #

$

I

9

B
4

'
!
! !
$
+ * +
B
$
+I 7
:
+

77

,@

87.50%
234.38%
246.43%
38.57%
600.00%

*
,

+

7 <
7
!

9%C8
6:$

+ *

+

*
,

9

,

+ 4 -:
B

,
<+
$

!

,

,

$
+

!
+

77

!

!
!

!
77

'

+

$

+
7

J

$

9;

$

C6C0 8 (&
(8 8

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Pvc compounding ingredients, The essential Ingredients

  • 1. Essential Compounding Chemicals used with PVC Resin Prepared by Siddhartha Roy Royplastech 614A K.P. Tower 2 Fatimanagar, Pune 411013 o o o ! PVC Resin. " %$ &$ ' ($ ) * "$ # $
  • 2. Suspension Grade PVC: + ! , # + * , $- . $ # * / 1&/ 0 0 ! + $ $ ! 2 3 ,4 ! ,! * $ # + * 5 60 $ , + +, , $ Emulsion Grade PVC: ' 2 + $ ' ! + ! - ! # + * * $ $ + # ) * $7 # $ ' $ ) * , 2 $ $ %8 1%60 0 ! $ 2 ! + + $ 4 94 : 9 :$ ! $ ! + + * $; 2 ! $ Bulk Polymerised PVC: !
  • 3. ) * ! $ $ ! ) + <! =2 ' * + < ) * , 3 $ $ Copolymer PVC: + # + $ $ 7* 5 * ! ! $ ! * ! $ ! + ! + + 6"> + ! %8 >$ ! $* $ 5 ! $ , ! + + ! + $ K Value < 1 # <0 / ? 1? , + $ <! + ! $ ! # $ ,7 $7 </ 6 8 18 <! $ + $ ; ! $3 93 : + $ ; . ) $ + ! < 618 / 0 +< 1! $; + * $; , + $ + <! , . * $ ; < $
  • 4. <0 / / 1/ + $7 ) ) + $ $ /> 8 , + + 2 , $ Primary Plasticisers: * + $ # 5 %"0 0 1%/ $@ 5 2 + 2 $ ! 2 9+ : 5 2 5 + # , ! ! ' $ $ # 9 $ $ ! B4 A ! $7 94 : A + + + + ! 4 A $A 4 A :, 9 9 :$ @ ; ) " 4) 94 : ) A 6 4A 94 : A 7 A 6 47 A 3 , ; 94 A : 7 4 A @ C 4@ 94 : @ + @ 2 $ 7 4 %0 47 4 94 4 : 7 + ) $ $ ! 5 $' 4 , A $ ! ! # $7 ! $ , $
  • 5. ) # , + ! , $4 ) , $ $ ! $ 4 ) ! + + ! , +$ ! $7 # ! $ * $ # + 4 B4 4 $ @ 7 $ 3 9 : , + $ 2 ! $ ,9 , ,@ * ; + , , $:$ A $ ?, ? 4 A 9 : %$ # 2 + 4 A $ 2 / 0 4 A # ! , # / = /2%0 0/ 0 0 $C% 9C%>:$ 2 !, / / # @ ' 4) 94 : ) %$0 / 4A 94 : A %$0 47 A 94 A : 7 4@ 94 : @ 47 4 0 $C6 94 4 : 7 ! %$0 0 $C/ 2 $ Secondary Plasticisers: 2 $ ! $ * ! $
  • 6. $- 2 , ! - 2 9 -: A 9 A: ! ! "0 0 18 >$ + $ ! -$ ' , $ ! $ A ! ! $ A ! $ 2 ! + $ , + $7 # + ! 2 $ 2 $ ! $ ! ,> ' - 2 "0 > - 2 ? 18 0 0 0 10 0 $"0 $/ /> 8 (0 > 0 0D 0 / $/ $/ : (/ > "0 > (/ > 0 $6 /> 9 8 A ? 1C0 / 4 A 8 1%0 > 0 0 / 18 > 0 0 ! $ ! ! * + , , 4 $ A ' 2 $ + + $ 2 $ Stabilisers: $ * , $ 2 ! * Heat Stabilisers: 2 , $' 2 + !, 3 ! 5 $
  • 7. 5 $ . + + 2 $ $ . 2 ! ; $ !" # )1 5 5 &1( 1F 5 &1( 1F 5 ( 1" + & 1" 5 $ %$/D &$/ ) 1F , 0 1% $/ #" $ 2 % & E &0 0 2 E %C0 2 E &&0 E &/ 0 E %0 0 E (/ 0 @ A 2 5 @ 2 $ @ B@ Stabiliser application areas: ; @ , , $ B ! , , $ $ 2$ $ ) , ,; 5 1F ; A 2 + $ $ ,@ )1 $ , @ 2 , + 1F $ ; ; $ + + $ Light Stabilisers: ; ;2 ; 3 ,4 ) $ + ! . 3 # 2 $ * $
  • 8. 2 * (0 0 0 0 * :$ 0 1/ 0 = ! ! ! 2 90 $%10 $( + ! 9 $ : $ ' 2 A $ # $ , + A ;2 ' 2 5 $ ) ' 2 A $ Lubricants: ! * + + $ ! $ ,- 2 $4 ; +, 0 $%10 $( + 2 $ 2 ! $ *, $ , 2 +, A! $ ! ; * $@ ! , ! ;2 # $$ + ; $ 7 ! 9 ! : ' 2 , 9 + ! :$ ! $ Fillers: + + , , . $ ! ! + , * $) ' !$ * 2 , + ! @ $ Ground Calcium Carbonate: $ + + + $ $ + +
  • 9. 5 9# ,+ + : 5 ! # $ 2 $ 5 ! ! * 2 $ ! + * ! $ 2 ; ,+ , ! $ + + ; , * ! ! 7. 2 + !$ + + $ @ +5 5 $ 2 ' + ! $ $ 5 , 5 + 4 $7 ! $ Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: ! ! 7 $ ; , ! $ + $$ #$ 9 , + : ! + , $ + $ ) 7 A( 2 2 ! 4 A $ , ! $ , * ! $ $ + $4 A ! $ $ , 5 ! + A + ,4 + $ + A 94 : A = A&$ $ * ,- , $ ! - $ +
  • 10. - ! * # , ! $ + * $ Pigments: ! • 7 • . $ A • ) *$ 7 2 + 4 2 + 2 $ + $ Important Inorganic Pigment groups: • 3 ) • G • • +,A ,) + ,A 7 A2 ,G ) +, ) + + *7 $ 2 $ 7 , ! + $ Important Organic Pigment Groups: • ) • • • , ,A # - , * + ! + + + $ A + # , + $ * Masterbatches: ! 1 $4! + + 2. $ ; $ ! 5 ! , * $ 2 + + $
  • 11. Special Additives: + ! ! $ ' + ! + , ( ! $ + * ! , ! ' 2 + ) ! * # *+ $ , +$ ( ;) , * 7 + * '9 $ ! : $ Fire Retardants and Smoke Suppressants: + $; 5 $) &A( $ + + 2 * ! 2 * * $ A2 $ /> 8 , $ ) 9 2: + $ &A( + $2 + # * , $7 + $ * ! , + $ Foaming Agents: + ! * @ 4 2 $ $ * + * + + $ * + ! 2 ! $
  • 12. ; ! + + $A ! ! $ " # #+ # ( * + $ + ! $ + * ) $ Volume Cost: $7 2 ! * $ + 9; : 9 2 + , $ $ , :$ + + < , , $ 7 < , $ , * ! ! # $ + + *$ $ 9 $= :H 7 $= $: 24 < , ! + ! 7 9 + 2 , ! $ $ 7! + $7 . ! C$/ A >$ + + = : $; + ! ! , , &0 > <$ / >$ 7 $8 9< $= + , . ! $ / >,
  • 13. Volume Cost of Major Ingredients Ingredient % of Resin Cost Cost Rs/Kg PVC Rs.80.00 DOP Rs.100.00 Flow Promoter Rs.250.00 Stabiliser Rs.120.00 Filler Rs.16.00 TiO2 Rs.120.00 Formula 1 Density Kg/Ltr PVC DOP Flow Promoter Stabiliser Filler TiO2 Total 1.4 0.98 1.05 2.3 2.7 5.6 125.00% 312.50% 150.00% 20.00% 150.00% Recipe Kgs Cost Rs/ Kg Litres 30 7.5 Rs.2,400.00 Rs.750.00 21.43 7.65 0.25 Rs.62.50 0.24 1 100 3.5 142.25 Rs.120.00 Rs.1,600.00 Rs.420.00 Rs.5,352.50 Cost/Kg Rs.37.63 0.43 37.04 0.63 67.42 Rs/ Litre Rs.79.39 Volume % of Resin Cost Rs/Ltr. Vol. Cost Rs.112.00 Rs.98.00 Rs.262.50 Rs.276.00 Rs.43.20 Rs.672.00 Formula 2 Recipe Kgs Cost Rs/ Kg Litres PVC DOP 30 7.5 Rs.2,400.00 Rs.750.00 21.43 7.65 CPW 0.25 Rs.62.50 0.24 1 80 3.5 122.25 Rs.120.00 Rs.1,280.00 Rs.420.00 Rs.5,032.50 Cost/Kg Rs.41.17 0.43 29.63 0.63 60.01 Rs/ Litre Rs.83.86 -9.40% -5.63% Stabiliser Filler TiO2 Total Increase * ,# # $ I 9 B 4 ' ! ! ! $ + * + B $ +I 7 : + 77 ,@ 87.50% 234.38% 246.43% 38.57% 600.00% * , + 7 < 7 ! 9%C8 6:$ + * + * , 9 , + 4 -: B , <+ $ ! , , $ + ! + 77 ! ! ! ! 77 ' + $ + 7 J $ 9; $ C6C0 8 (& (8 8