Job analysis is a process used to determine the nature of specific jobs within an organization. It involves observing and studying jobs to report pertinent information. This information is then used for recruitment, selection, job evaluation, designing compensation packages, and assessing training needs. The key steps in job analysis are collecting background information, selecting positions to analyze, gathering data on jobs, creating job descriptions, and developing job specifications. Common methods for collecting job analysis data include personal observation, questionnaires, log records, interviews, and critical incidents reports.