Chapter 1: Changing Trends and Carrier in Physical Education

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CHAPTER 1
CHANGINGTRENDS
AND
CAREERINPHYSICALEDUCATION

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1.1(a) DefinitionofPhysicalEducation
(b)Aims&ObjectivesofPhysicalEducation
1.2 Development ofPhysicalEducation–PostIndependence
1.3 Concept&PrinciplesofIntegrated PhysicalEducation
1.4 Concept&PrinciplesofAdaptivePhysicalEducation
1.5SpecialOlympicBharat
1.6 CareerOptionsinPhysicalEducation
Changing Trends and Career in Physical education

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Introduction:
PhysicalEducationisanintegralpartofthetotaleducationprocess.
PhysicalEducationhasvariousaimsandobjectivestounderstand.
InancientIndia,physicalactivitiesweretheessentialpartoflife.
InancientGreece,muchstresswaslaiddownonPhysicalEducation.
GreatphilosopherslikeSocrates,AristotleandPlato wereofopinion
thatphysicaltrainingisamustforyouth.
Changing Trends and Career in Physical education

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1.1(a)DefinitionofPhysicalEducation

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1.1(B)Aims&ObjectivesofPhysicalEducation
Aims & Objectives
of
Physical Education
Neuro-
Muscular
Coordination
Development
of Health
Social
Development
Emotional
Development
Mental
Development
Physical
Development

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1. Physical Development :
 Foremost objective & related with physical
development.
 Development of organ systems such as circulatory
system, nervous system, muscular system, digestive
system etc.
 During physical activities, the body demands more
and more from various systems and organs, which
in turn have to function optimally to cope with the
stress of activity

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2. Mental Development :
 Physical activities require alertness of mind, deep
concentration and calculated movements
 It includes rules & regulations, techniques of games,
anatomical & physiological studies, health & diseases
 Participation teaches to
draw conclusions ,
to face new situations
and to take decisions
independently

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3. Social Development :
 Physical Education provides ample opportunities to
its participants to interact with other individual and
groups.
 This gives wholesome experience to learn social
norms.
 Individual develops social
qualities & social habits.
 Values of competition and
co-operation are
also inculcated.

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4. Neuro-Muscular Coordination :
 Concern with better co-ordination between nervous
system and muscular system.
 Good neuro-muscular co-ordination helps to keep of
fatigue during vigorous activities.
 Improves working with various equipment and
tools.
 Also known as psycho motor
development or
co-ordination development.

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5. Emotional Development :
 Physical education aims at emotional
stability which helps in facing any type of
situation.
 Competitions are an indispensable part and
are characterized by success and failure.
 Physical education teaches
to accept success and
failure gracefully ,
which are also helpful
through out the lifetime.

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6. Development of Health:
 Health knowledge is a part and parcel of P.E.
Programme.
 School health education programme
includes not only principles and important
rules of health education but also
information regarding healthy living and
community health.
 It also speaks of health hazards in society
like alcohol , smoking ,drug addiction etc.
 This knowledge builds a healthy and positive
life style and society.

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1.2 development ofPhysicalEducation–
Postindependence
1. All India Council of Sports
2. Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and
Recreation
3. Kunzru Committee
4. National Fitness Corps
5. National Institute of Sports
6. Sports Authority of India

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Central Advisory Board of Physicaleducation and Recreation
Ten members committee under chairmanship
of Dr Tara Chand in 1950
Aims of the Board
1. Recommendations on games programmes
2. Recommendations on recreational programmes
3. Proposals to government on physical education
programmes
4. Suggestions on different programmes for youths

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Objectives of the Board
1. Advising for making PE a compulsory
subject in schools
2. Recommending syllabus of PE at primary, middle
and university level
3. Recommending syllabus of PE in all the physical
education institutions of the country
4. Recommending standards for the selection of PE
teachers
5. Suggest checking of PE programmes

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Contribution of the Board
1. Different methods of training of PE separately for
boys and girls were submitted
2. Formed rules for giving recognition to certificate
and diploma courses
3. Scholarship in the field of PE for leadership,
training & research was started from 1950
4. Financial help to the institutions related to the
programme “ national Physical efficiency Test”
was started from 1958
5. National Fitness Corps in Physical Education was
started

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AllIndiaCouncil of sports
All India council of Sports was constituted in
1954 and General(Retd) K M Cariappa was
appointed as the first chairman
Aims and Functions of AICS
1. To research on the games & sports by applying
scientific methods
2. To coordinate between national sports
organizations and central government
3. To start various training centres to enhance the
standards of sports in India
4. To organize participation of Indian players in
international events

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AllIndiaCouncil of sports
Achievements of AICS
1. Netaji Subhash National institute of Sports was
established in 1961
2. Coaching camps were organized
3. Stadiums, gymnasiums and swimming pools were
constructed for promotion of sports
4. Stress was laid for promotion of sports specially
in rural areas

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Netaji subhash NationalInstitute ofSports
Established in 1961 at Patiala. One year
diploma was started in various games
Aims of National Institute of Sports
1. To prepare coaches for specific training of
different sports
2. To raise the technical standard of coaches
3. To make available latest knowledge in sports
4. To help in searching the talented sportsperson
5. To impart proper training to sportsperson
participating in international competitions

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Sportsauthorityofindia
Established in 1984
Aims of Sports Authority of India
1. Promotion of sports
2. Exploration of sports talent in young age
3. Organizing sports competitions
4. Providing facilities to sportspersons
5. To utilize and maintain the stadiums

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Sportsauthorityofindia
Schemes of Sports authority of India
1. Exploration of Sports Talent and Nutrition
2. To Provide Sports Scholarship
3. Organization of National Sports Talent
Competitions
4. National Physical Health Scheme
5. Promotion of Indigenous Games and Martial Arts

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1.3 ConceptofIntegrated Physical
Education
 Physical education is inter-related among
various fields & is a comprehensive concept.
 It has sub disciplines like biomechanics,
exercise physiology, kinesiology(study of
mechanics of body movements) & health
education, sports philosophy, sports
management, sports pedagogy.

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1.3principlesofIntegratedPhysicalEducation
1. Capable of meeting the needs of present
& futuristic society.
2. IPE Programme is applicable to & should
involve all the people .
3. IPE contributes to learning cognitive &
effective fitness, social, moral
development of individuals.
4. IPE programme develops motor skills,
physical & health related fitness of the
people.

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1.3principlesofIntegratedPhysicalEducation
5. IPE programme should serve as good &
healthy foundation for life time
participation.
6. IPE is based on various sub disciplines of
physical education which are helpful to
people.
7. IPE programme should be able to provide
deep knowledge of physical education to
the teachers as well as students.

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1.4 Concept ofadapted Physical Education
1. A diversified programme of developmental
activities, games, sports and rhythms
suited to the interests, capacities and
limitations of disabled students who may
not safely or successfully engage in
unrestricted participation in the general PE
Programme
2. Deafness, Hearing impairment, Poor Body
Mechanics, Mentally challenged,
Orthopaedic impairment etc.

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1.4 Concept ofadapted Physical Education
3. Sub-discipline of Physical Education
4. Involves physical fitness, motor skills,
pattern recognition skills, individual games
and sports for special people

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1.4 principlesofadapted PhysicalEducation
1. Thorough Medical check-up of Disabled
Student
a) Type of disability faced by Student
b) Should be done at least annually
2. Interest of the students must be taken into
consideration.
3. Equipment should be according to the
needs

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1.4 principlesofadapted PhysicalEducation
4. Special environment should be provided
5. Various instruction strategies should be
used
6. Rules should be modified according to the
needs of the students
7. Students’ previous experience should be
taken into consideration

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1.5 SpecialOlympicBharat
It is a movement that uses sports as a
catalyst to change the lives of children and
adults with intellectual disabilities and
mentally retarded persons

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1. National Sports Federation –registered
under Indian Trust Act 1882 in 2001
2. Accredited by Special Olympics
International to conduct special Olympic
Programs in India.
3. Recognised by GOI as a National Sports
Federation in the Priority Category

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4. Building Athletes, Changing Attitudes
a) Impart holistic development & training
that covers all aspect of life
b) Create Role Models
c) Sensitize teachers to the special problems

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5. Special Olympics Athlete Oath:
Let me win. But if I can not win, let me be brave
in my attempt.
6. Mission:
To provide year round sports training and
athletic competitions in a variety of Olympic
type sports for children and adults with
intellectual disabilities. It will enable them to
develop physical fitness, demonstrate courage ,
experience joy and participate in sharing of gifts,
skills and friendship with their families and
friends

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7. Vision:
A movement which improves the lives of people
with intellectual disabilities. Allows them to
realize their full potential and develop their skills
through sports training and competitions
8. Goal:
To provide chance to mentally retarded persons
or persons with intellectual disabilities to
become useful and productive citizens who are
accepted and respected in their communities

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1.6 PhysicalEducation&careeroptions
1. Teaching Career In Physical Education
2. Coaching career in physical education
3. Health related careers
4. Administration related careers
5. Performance related careers
6. Careers in Communication Media

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Teachingcareerinphysicaleducation
1.Elementary School
2.Middle School
3.High School
4.Senior Secondary School
5.College and University

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coachingcareerinphysicaleducation
1.Career as a coach in middle school, high
school, senior secondary school, college and
university
2.State Sports Department and Sports
Authority of India (SAI)
3.Coaching the professional teams, commercial
sports clubs, private enterprises and public
sectors
4.Coaching in a non-school setting like sports
academy

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Healthrelatedcareers
1.Health and weight control clubs
a) Playing facility like Squash, Tennis,
swimming etc.
b) Saunas, Steam Rooms, Massages etc
c) Diet & Nutrition advice
2. Athletic training
a) Prevention of sports injuries
b) Rehabilitation of injured athletes

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administrationrelatedcareers
1.Sports administration
a) Department of Physical Education
b) Sports Department
2.Sports Facilities Management
a) Management of gymnasium, fitness centre,
stadiums, sports complexes, aquatic centres etc
3.Industrial Recreation
a) MNC & National Companies provide recreational &
sports facilities for employees
4.Sports Marketing and promotions

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Performancerelatedcareers
1. As Players
a) Participate as player in professional sports
2. As Officials
a) Conduction of sports tournaments
b) Referee, umpire, timekeeper, lineman,
recorder, scorer

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Careersincommunicationmedia
1. Sports Journalism
2. Book Writing
3. Sports Photography
4. Book Publishing
5. Sports Broadcasting

Chapter 1: Changing Trends and Carrier in Physical Education

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