1. Clinical Pharmacy Practice
Thao K. Huynh, PharmD, BCOP
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
Email: t.huynh@pitt.edu
3. Post-Graduate Year 1 (PGY1) in Hospital
Pharmacy
• Job
• Flexibility & adaptability to change career path
• Promotion
• Faculty, management, clinical roles
• Networking opportunities
• Find mentors
• Expand resource base
• Achieve professional vision
• Develop leadership skills
• Find areas of interests
Why do a residency?
ASHP: https://www.ashp.org/DocLibrary/Residents/Why-Residency-Brochure.aspx
4. PGY1 Programs
• Community
• Managed care
• Combined programs (PGY1 & 2)
• Community administration
• Health system administration (MS in Business)
• Medication systems & Operations
• Pharmacotherapy
• Pharmacy informatics
• Specialty pharmacy
5. PGY1 Program Match Rates 2016
• Number of residencies participate in the match: 1,163
• Number of positions offered in the match: 3,312
• Applicants enrolled in the match: 5,655 students
• Applicants participated in the match: 4,609 students
• Applicants matched: 3,041
~66%
6. PGY1 Program Structure
• Required Learning Experiences
• Ambulatory care
• Critical care
• Internal medicine
• Nutrition Support
• Pharmacy Administration
• Clinical Precepting
• Required Longitudinal Learning
Experiences
• Hospital Pharmacy Operations
• Multidisciplinary Committee
• Resident Research Series
• Underserved clinics
• Select Elective Learning Experiences
• Cardiology
• Critical Care (Medical, Trauma/Surgical,
Cardiac Care, Transplant)
• Infectious Diseases
• Solid Organ Transplantation
• Family Medicine
• Health System Formulary Management
• Palliative Care
• Psychiatry
• Oncology
7. After PGY1?
• PGY2
• Hospital practice
• Clinical pharmacist
• Fellowship training (Oncology – 2 years)
• 1 year oncology practice
• 1 year oncology research
8. PGY2 Programs
• Ambulatory care
• Cardiology
• Corporate pharmacy leadership
• Critical care
• Drug information
• Emergency medicine
• Family medicine
• Geriatric
• HIV
• Infections diseases
• Internal medicine
• Medication use safety
• Neonatology
• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Nutrition support
• Oncology
• Outcomes & analytics
• Pain management & palliative care
• Pediatric
• Pharmacogenetics
• Pharmacy informatics
• Psychiatric
• Solid organ transplant
9. PGY2 Program Match Rates 2016
• Number of programs participate in the match: 764
• Number of positions offered in the match: 681
• Applicants enrolled in the match: 1,058 students
• Applicants participated in the match: 829 students
• Applicants matched: 580
~70%
11. After PGY2?
• Fellowship (1-2 years)
• Drug companies or hospital
• Research
• Hospital practice
• Clinical specialist
• Academia
• Faculty with clinical practice
• Administration
• Oncology manager of cancer center
• NCCN Guideline development
• FDA
• Drug companies
12. Clinical Oncology Specialist Practice: Clinical
• Clinical rounds with the medical team
• Patient counseling on chemotherapy
• Supportive care for chemotherapy recommendations
• Chemotherapy order review
• Indication (ex. Metastatic breast cancer HER2/neu-positive, ER/PR-negative)
• Lab values
• Dosing
• Premedications (hypersensitivity reactions, nausea and vomiting, other indications)
• Discharge counseling
• Neutropenic precautions
• Adverse effect management
15. Clinical Oncology Specialist Practice: Teaching
• Formal
• Pharmacy students at School of Pharmacy
• Medical students at School of Medicine
• Informal
• Pharmacy student precepting
• Pharmacy resident precepting
• Medication resident education
• Oncology medical fellow education
• Nursing education
• Pharmacist education
19. Pharmacy Education System
in United States
Thao K. Huynh, PharmD, BCOP
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
Email: t.huynh@pitt.edu
20. Outline
• Background on US education system
• Pharmacy school statistics
• Admission requirements to pharmacy school
• Pharmacy school curriculum and accreditation
• Post-Pharmacy school graduation career avenues
21. Background on US Education system
Primary and
Secondary Education
• Public and private
• Graduate with high
school diploma
Undergraduate
Education (~4 years)
• Public and private
• Graduate with
Bachelor degree
• BS: Bachelor of
Science
• Many others
Graduate Education
(~2-4 years)
• Pharmacy (4)
• Medical (4)
• Law (2-3)
• Dental (4)
• Masters programs (2)
• PhD programs (4-5)
Direct Pharmacy Admission: 2 years undergraduate + 4 years graduate
22. Pharmacy School Statistics
• 2000: 80 colleges and schools of pharmacy accredited
• July 2015: 132 colleges and schools of pharmacy accredited; 3
precandidate status
• 69 private institutions
• 66 public supported universities
23. Pharmacy School Statistics
• Degrees offered
• 135 colleges and schools will offer Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree
• 8 colleges and schools will offer Doctor of Pharmacy degree + post Bachelor
of Science (BS) degree
• 73 offer Master of Science (MS) and/or Ph.D. in pharmaceutical sciences
• Faculty members
• 6,292 full-time
• 286 part-time
24. Pharmacy Student Statistics
• First professional degree enrollment (2 years undergraduate
+ 4 years pharmacy school)
• 63, 460 students
• 61.4% females
• 13.6% minorities
• Graduates with BS in pharmacy enrolled in pharmacy schools
• 936 students
• Decreasing student enrollment over past few years
27. Admission Requirements to Pharmacy School
• Minimum of two years pre-professional courses (62 credits of
academic prerequisites) at an accredited USA institution for a letter
grade
• 8 credits biology (1 year of lecture and lab)
• 8 credits general chemistry (1 year of lecture and lab)
• 8 credits organic chemistry (1 year of lecture and lab)
• 3-4 credits calculus (1 course covering derivative and integral functions)
• 3-4 credits statistics
• 6 credits English composition
• 24 credits electives (12 in humanities; 12 in social sciences)
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
28. Admission Requirements to Pharmacy School
• May-September: Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT)
• July-November: Pharmacy College Application Service (PharmCAS)
• 1 application to many PharmD degree programs
• GPA, PCAT scores, transcripts, references
• Supplemental application
• Personal essay for why student is applying to pharmacy school and why the student is
applying to University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
• December-February
• Pharmacy school admission interviews (by invitation only)
• April
• Admission decisions finalized
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
29. Pharmacy School Curriculum and
Accreditation
• Professional year 1 (P1)
Term 1 Term 2
Profession of pharmacy 1a (4)
Experiential learning 1 (1)
Anatomy & Physiology 1 (3)
Biochemistry 1 (3)
Principles of Drug Action (4)
Profession of pharmacy 2a (4)
Experiential learning 2 (1)
Anatomy & Physiology 2 (3)
Biochemistry 2 (3)
Drug Development 1b (4)
30. Pharmacy School Curriculum and
Accreditation
• Professional year 2 (P2)
Term 1 Term 2
Profession of pharmacy 3a (3)
Experiential learning 3 (1)
Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Disease 1b (4)
Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease (4)
Drug Development 2b (4)
Profession of pharmacy 4a (4)
Experiential learning 4 (1)
Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Disease 2b (4)
Drug Development 3b (4)
Gastroenterology/Nutrition (2)
Advanced Pharmaceutical Care 1 (1)
31. Pharmacy School Curriculum and
Accreditation
• Professional year 3 (P3)
Term 1 Term 2
Profession of pharmacy 5b (3)
Experiential learning 5 (1)
Immunology (3)
Pulmonology/Rheumatology (2)
Endocrinology (3)
Professional Elective (3)
Profession of pharmacy 6b (2)
Experiential learning 6 (1)
Oncology/Hematology (3)
Neurology/Psychiatry (4)
Advanced Pharmaceutical Care 2 (2)
Professional Elective (3)
32. Pharmacy School Curriculum and
Accreditation
• Professional year 4 (P4)
• Advanced pharmacy practice experience
• 1 Inpatient Acute Care Rotation (Oncology, Cardiology, ID, Critical Care,
Pediatrics, etc)
• 1 Ambulatory Care Rotation (Anticoagulation, Diabetes, Hypertension,
Geriatrics, etc)
• 1 Inpatient Acute Care Rotation or Ambulatory Care Rotation
• 1 Community Pharmacy Rotation
• 1 Hospital/Health System Pharmacy Rotation
• 2 Elective Rotation (consulting, FDA, academic, research, managed care,
international)
• PharmD Seminar
33. Areas of Concentration
• Pharmacy Business Administration
• Research
• Global Health
• Pediatrics
• Community Leadership, Innovation, and Practice
• Pharmacotherapy Scholars
37. Post-Pharmacy School Graduation Career
Avenues
• Community pharmacy (~60%)
• Post-graduate year 1 (optional)
• Hospital pharmacy (~30%)
• Post-graduate year 1 (optional)
• Post-graduate year 2 (optional)
• Other (~10%)
• Fellowship training (2 years)
• Research
• Drug companies
• FDA
• Consulting
• Managed care
• Post-graduate year 1 (optional)
Clinical Practice
Notes de l'éditeur
BBA: management, marketing
BA: English, mass communication, journalism, history
BM: music studies
BFA: musical theater
Humanities: music, communication, theater arts, philosophy, history of art and architecture
Social sciences: geography, history, psychology, economics, sociology