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ステーブルコインに思いを馳せる
by カナゴールド
どうしてビットコインはステーブルではないか
出典:岩村教授
http://www.nhk.or.jp/kaisetsu-blog/400/289696.html
・ふつうの市場の場合、需要が増えれば、より多くの商品
を生産しても採算がとれるようになり、供給量も呼応して
増加して、価格の上昇がある程度は吸収される。
・ビットコインの場合、需要が増えても、ビットコインの供給
量はそれに呼応して増えることがないため、需要の増加
がそのまま価格の上昇につながる。
⇔難易度調整の仕組みにより、一定時間内に産出される
ビットコインの量が一定となっていることが原因
ビットコインのパラメタをいじくればステーブ
ルになるか?
Idea:
難易度調整を廃止すれば、需要が増えて価格が上昇するのに呼応して採掘量を増やせるので、価格の上昇を
抑制できる?
⇒需要が低下した場合、価格が下落しても採掘量の下限はゼロなので、すでに供給されているビットコインの量
を減らせない
⇒需要が減った場合に、自律的に市場から減らせる必要!!!
コインを市場から消す方法
コインを市場から消すためには、
「インセンティブを持った主体が何かしらの対価と引き換えにコインを提供し、コイン
を受け取った主体はそのコインを市場に出ていかないようにする」
⇒コインとの交換対象になりうるもの
①未来の同じコイン
-現実世界での債券の発行
-無担保型(シニョレッジシェア型)ステーブルコイン(Basis,Carbonなど)
②現時点の別の資産
(1)同一ブロックチェーン上の別のトークン
-暗号通貨担保型(MakerDAO)
(2)ブロックチェーン外の資産
-法定通貨担保型ステーブルコイン(USDT,TUSD,USDC,GUSD)
-金担保型ステーブルコイン(DigixDao)
コインとの交換対象資産を持ち込む方法
コインとの交換対象を持ち込むためには、
「インセンティブを持った主体がコインを対価に外部の資産を提供し、外部の資産を
受け取った主体はその資産を出ていかないようにする」
⇒持ち込まれた資産の量は、市場からコインを消す際に足る量か??
持ち込まれた資産の量が十分であるために
コインを消す際に提供する資産の量と、コインを生む際に持ち込まれた資産の量の関係性は、
①1コインを生成する場合に提供する資産の数量と、1コインを消滅させるのに
受け取る資産の数量が同じ
⇔1コインと1資産が等価な仕組み
- (資産が法定通貨)USDT、TUSDなど
- (資産がビットコイン)L-BTC、wBTCなど
②1コインを生成する場合に提供する資産の数量と、1コインを消滅させるのに
受け取る資産の数量が異なる
⇔1コインと1資産が等価でない仕組み
⇒生成、消滅においては1資産のどのような評価値に依拠するか?
- (資産が暗号資産で評価がドル)MakerDAO
⇒「ある所与の評価手法に対し、あるメカニズムによって、1コインを消滅させるのに
足る資産が任意の条件下で維持可能か」という問い
「ある所与の評価手法に対し、あるメカニズムに
よって、1コインを消滅させるのに足る資産が任意
の条件下で維持可能か」
結論:ない
Proof:評価値をジャンプ確率過程でモデル化するという一般性を失わない前提のもと自明
⇒
(1)現実的に意味のある一定の条件下で存在しない
⇒1コインと1資産が等価な仕組みにするしかない
⇒素直に法定通貨ペグにしよう!
(2)現実的に意味のある一定の条件下ではある
⇒一定の条件が満たされない場合のリスク評価と緩和策を考える!
⇒MakerDAOが頑張っているところ!!!

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