Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS

YDAS Outlines
Book for Beginners
RCC Design by ETABS

YDAS Outlines
Book for Beginners
RCC Design by ETABS
Yousuf Dinar
B.Sc. Civil Engineering
University of Asia Pacific
Bangladesh
Nurullah Siddique
B.Sc. Civil Engineering
University of Asia Pacific
Bangladesh

Published by
University Campus
Publisher & Seller
Dhaka
@ all rights reserved by the authors
First published
September 2014
Price : Tk. 400 ( Four hundred only)
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Yousuf Dinar
Yousuf Dinar has been engaged in research, teaching and design related field of structural
engineering from 2012. He has been an active member of the structural faculty of ATI
Interior and Consultants from very beginning of his career where he was engaged in
structural designing.
Currently he is working as structural engineer in Dream Touch Real Estate Limited. Before
that he was employed in Tropical Design Limited. Along with many co-researcher of same
field, Yousuf Dinar has investigated on trend of structural analysis and design, based on
FEM. A few technical articles of him based on nonlinear finite element analysis of high-rise
structures contribute to the general approach of analysis. Currently, his focus is on P-Delta
effects, Pushover analysis, Construction sequential effects, time history and irregularities
effects. His other books are also popular for easy understanding and commitment to
student. His involvement in field work brings a practical design consideration on his works.
He likes to write article. A few articles of him published in German Probashe, a German
monthly magazine maintained and managed in Germany. YDAS Outlines is a sole
trademark of Yousuf Dinar publication series. Under YDAS Outlines, different structural
engineering software tutorials are published to reach the reader of the engineering
community. He has completed Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering with honors from
University of Asia Pacific and a candidate of Master of Science in Engineering in Technical
University of Munich.
Academia:
https://uap-bd.academia.edu/YousufDinar
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/YousufDinar
LinkedIn:
http://www.linkedin.com/YousufDinar

Nurullah Siddeque (Shohag)
Nurullah Siddeque has been engaged in construction and design from 2012. He has joined
Sierra Properties Limited as project engineer and then within short period he has proven his
ability and comprehensive understanding related to field activities and design. His proper
direction makes each of his project time efficient. After becoming the project engineer he
has proven his complete understanding on construction field. He continues his journey of
learning by attending different seminars related to civil engineering. His consultancy in
Enter Design Engineers has shined his name in design sector too. Nurullah Siddeque has
completed Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from University of Asia Pacific.

ABOUT YDAS OUTLINES
YDAS Outlines is a sole recognized trademark of Yousuf Dinar publication series.
Under YDAS Outlines, different structural engineering software tutorials are
published to reach the reader of the engineering community. Book for Beginners and
Design like Pro is two sub series of YDAS Outlines, under which two different
qualities of books are published.
Copying name or logo of YDAS Outlines is strictly prohibited under trademark
regulation of Bangladesh.
YDAS (Yousuf Dinar’s) Outlines is full intellectual property of Yousuf Dinar. Full or
part of this book is prohibited to copy or piracy according to copyright rules. If anyone
is found who is breaking the copyright regulations, strict step will be taken according
to copyright regulations.
Thanks to publisher to cooperate in performing regulation act.
Yousuf Dinar
Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209
Bangladesh

CONTENTS
Preface i
Acknowledgement iii
Notation iv
Words of Seniors vi
Part I - Modeling and Analysis
Chapter 1 Structural Modeling and Analysis 1- 49
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Structural Modeling and Pre-analysis steps
1.2.1 Modeling
1.2.2 Define Material Properties
1.2.3 Define Frame Sections
1.2.4 Define Slab Sections and Wall
1.2.5 Draw Column Objects (Frame Members) and Shear Wall
1.2.6 Draw the Beam Objects (Frame Members)
1.2.7 Add Slab Sections
1.2.8 Assign support at Base
1.2.9 Meshing and Define Mass Source
1.2.10 Define Static Load Cases
1.2.10.1 Defining Vertical Loads
1.2.10.1.1 Defining Dead Load and Live Loads
1.2.10.1.2 Defining Miscellaneous Vertical Loads
1.2.10.2 Defining Lateral Loads
1.2.10.2.1 Defining Seismic Load

1.2.10.2.1.1 Defining Seismic Load using Code
1.2.10.2.1.2 Defining Seismic Load using Static Force method
1.2.10.2.2 Defining Wind Load
1.2.10.2.2.1 Defining Wind Load using Code
1.2.10.2.2.2 Defining Wind Load using Static Force method
1.2.11 Creating Load Combinations
1.2.12 Further Actions
1.3 Performing Analysis
1.4 Displacing Structural Responses
1.4.1 Displacing Column Responses
1.4.2 Displaying Beam Responses
1.4.3 Displaying Slab Responses
1.4.4 Displacing Support Reactions
1.4.5 Displacing Shear Wall Reactions
Part II – Design and Estimation
Chapter 1 Structural Design of Slab 50- 61
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Structural Design of Slab
1.3 Equations for Slab Design
Chapter 2 Structural Design of Column 63- 75
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Structural Design of Column
2.2.1 Manual Design of Column

2.2.2 Computer Aided Design of Column
2.3 Equations for Column Design
Chapter 3 Structural Design of Beam 77- 86
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Structural Design of Beam
3.2.1 Computer Aided Design of Beam
3.3 Equations for Beam Design
Chapter 4 Structural Design of Footing 87- 97
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Structural Design of Footing
4.2.1 Manual Design of Footing
4.2.1.1 Design of Isolated Footing
4.2.1.2 Design of Combined Footing
4.3 Equations for Footing Design
Chapter 5 Structural Design of Water Tank 99- 105
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Structural Design of Water Tank
5.2.1 Manual Design of Water Tank
Chapter 6 Structural Design of Shear Wall 107- 113
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Structural Design of Shear Wall

6.2.1 ACI Provisions for Shear Wall Design
6.2.2 Manual Design of Shear Wall
6.2.3 Computer Aided Design of Shear Wall
Chapter 7 Structural Design of U- Type Stair 115- 117
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Structural Design of U- Type Stair
7.2.1 Manual Design of U- Type Stair
Chapter 8 Estimation 119- 137
8.1 Estimation
8.2 Purposes of Estimation
8.3 Types of Estimation
8.4 Estimation of Column
8.5 Estimation of Beam
8.6 Estimation of Slab
8.7 Estimation of Foundation
8.8. Estimation of Shear Wall
8.9 Estimation of Tiles
8.10 Estimation of Brick Masonry
8.11 Sample of Estimation Report
8.12 Sample of Cost Benefit Report

Appendixes
A. Design aids 139- 152
B. Unit conversion factors 153- 154
C. Practical detailing tool 155- 158
References 160

i
PREFACE
Advancement of softwares is main cause behind comparatively quick and simple
design while avoiding complexity and time consuming manual procedure. However
mistake or mislead could be happened during designing the structures because of not
knowing the proper procedure depending on the situation. Design book based on
manual or hand design is sometimes time consuming and could not be good aids with
softwares as several steps are shorten during finite element modeling. This book may
work as a general learning hand book which bridges the software and the manual
design properly. The writers of this book used linear static analysis under BNBC and
ACI code to generate a six story residential building which could withstand wind load
of 210 kmph and seismic event of that region. The building is assumed to be designed
in Dhaka, Bangladesh under RAJUK rules to get legality of that concern organization.
For easy and explained understanding the book chapters are oriented in 2 parts. Part A
is concern about modeling and analysis which completed in only one chapter. Part B
is organized with 8 chapters. From chapter 1 to 7 the writers designed the model
building and explained with references how to consider during design so that
creativity of readers could not be threated. Chapter 8 is dedicated for estimation. As a
whole the book will help the readers to experience a building construction related all
facts and how to progress in design. Although the volume I is limited to linear static
analysis, upcoming volume will eventually consider dynamic facts to perform
dynamic analysis. Implemented equations are organized in the appendix section for
easy memorizing.
BNBC and other codes are improving and expending day by day, by covering new
and improved information as civil engineering is a vast field to continue the research.
Before designing something or taking decision judge the contemporary codes and
choose data, equations, factors and coefficient from the updated one.
Book for Beginners series is basic learning book of YDAS outlines. Here only
rectangular grid system modeling and a particular model is shown. Round shape grid
is avoided to keep the study simple. No advanced analysis is described and it is kept
simple for beginners. Only two way slab is elaborated with direct design method,
avoiding other procedures. In case of beam, only flexural and shear designs are made.
T- Beam, L- Beam or other shapes are not shown as rectangular beam was enough for
this study. Bi-axial column and foundation design is not shown. During column and
foundation design only pure axial load is considered. Use of interaction diagram is not
shown in manual design. Load centered isolated and combined footing designs are
shown, avoiding eccentric loading conditions. Pile and pile cap design, Mat
foundation design, strap footing design and sand pile concept are not included in this

ii
book. These limitations are satisfied in Design like Pro series of YDAS outlines. It is
suggested that to learn the software, Book for Beginners is helpful supplement. If you
already know the software and want to work with dynamic analysis, different types of
modeling and design procedure then Design like Pro series is effective for you.
Finally, it could not be forgotten this book is not a guideline for construction or
design. Our target readers are mainly student of civil engineering department. It will
act like a general learning supplement. Always remember that construction in reality
involve many risky situation where engineers need to take effective decision. Before
taking any step in design consult with experts for better understanding.
We are expecting your feedback. Let us know your suggestions for our coming
edition. Write us on yousuf_dinar@yahoo.com

iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to express their sincerest gratitude to their colleagues
for encouragement and support which played an important role during writing
phase. Without their help and direction it might be quite impossible to reach a
successful ending of this book.
The authors are very grateful to the Civil Engineering Department, University of
Asia Pacific (UAP) and Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)
for necessary documents, secondary information and study materials.
Special thanks to Madina Group to accumulate fund for this paper work. The authors
are privileged to express their sincere gratitude to Engr. Debasish Saha, Deputy Chief
Engineer (Civil), Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation, for financial
advising during preparation and marketing phase.
Above all, the author is thankful to the almighty Allah, for his blessings accompanied
by which he come so far.

The authors would like to dedicate the whole work to their
beloved parents

iv
NOTATION
a = depth of the effective compression block in a concrete beam
A = name for area
Ag = gross area, equal to the total area ignoring any reinforcement
As = area of steel reinforcement in concrete beam design
Ast = area of steel reinforcement in concrete column design
Av = area of concrete shear stirrup reinforcement
ACI = American Concrete Institute
b = width, often cross-sectional
bE = effective width of the flange of a concrete T beam cross section
bf = width of the flange
bw = width of the stem (web) of a concrete T beam cross section
c = distance from the top to the neutral axis of a concrete beam (see x)
cc = shorthand for clear cover
Cc = compressive force in the compression steel in a doubly reinforced concrete beam
Cs = compressive force in the concrete of a doubly reinforced concrete beam
d = effective depth from the top of a reinforced concrete beam to the centroid of the tensile steel
d´ = effective depth from the top of a reinforced concrete beam to the centroid of the compression
steel
db = bar diameter of a reinforcing bar
D = shorthand for dead load
DL = shorthand for dead load
E = modulus of elasticity or Young’s modulus
= shorthand for earthquake load
Ec = modulus of elasticity of concrete
Es = modulus of elasticity of steel
f = symbol for stress
fc = compressive stress
= concrete design compressive stress
fpu = tensile strength of the prestressing reinforcement
fs = stress in the steel reinforcement for concrete design
= compressive stress in the compression reinforcement for concrete beam design
fy = yield stress or strength
F = shorthand for fluid load
Fy = yield strength
h = cross-section depth
k = effective length factor for columns
ld = development length for reinforcing steel = development length for hooks
ln = clear span from face of support to face of support in concrete design
L = name for length or span length, as is l
= shorthand for live load
Lr = shorthand for live roof load
LL = shorthand for live load
Mn = nominal flexure strength with the steel reinforcement at the yield stress and concrete at the
concrete design strength for reinforced concrete beam design
Mu = maximum moment from factored loads for LRFD beam design

vi
WORDS OF SENIORS
Few words for future engineers
Engr. Debasish Saha, M. Engg. (Structure), MIEB
Deputy Chief Engineer
Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation
Every student of engineering departments has a common question in mind which is about
becoming a potential candidate in job market. This situation sometimes become so
serious that they prone to spoil their present study and future unintentionally. Eventually
they become dishearten in job field because of the unawareness of professional field. It is
agreed all over that bookish knowledge does not always effective in professional field.
This does not mean to avoid those theories because those theories work like a column of
knowledge where your experience will act like a slab. So, experience will not get a
proper support without a stiff base of knowledge and theories.
Everyone dreams to study in a reputed institute but not everyone get that chance. It does
not mean the end point of career. Where ever you study and work, try to perform your
best and that will make you different. Struggling for an opportunity is a common fact for
all. Never give up and try your best always. Collect those extra qualifications which will
uplift you to the success. You can learn softwares, clear your knowledge about
professional field, study different supplement books, participate in various competition
etc. All this effort will eventually push you to a potential stage. Do not copy others’ style.
You should find your own way to become successful. Do not let your time die without
any productive activity.
Engineering is a vast and complicated field. During study you should be a good follower
and listener. You should follow and listen to your parents, professors and your own heart.
Parents and professors will guide you from their experiences but your heart will let you

vii
know your true ambition. In professional field you should be an ambitious and dedicated
civil engineer with strong practical technical skills and a range of experience within
construction engineering and project management. Having a sound knowledge of
designing, testing, evaluating a designs overall effectiveness, cost, reliability, and safety
will help you to work effectively. Senior engineers advice juniors by mentioning that,
1) Make sure it has something that you’re passionate about in it.
2) Look for a position where you can learn as much as possible, and they will just keep
throwing things at you!
3) Is in a place where things really get done, so you can put thing out there in the world
and see how it feels.
Remember that there is always an alternative and all you need is to identify that and
follow that. Ask yourself, what made you become an engineer and do your actions reflect
that? Do you know, why employer choice smart and potential candidate? It is because;
they are well versed with theoretical and practical knowledge. Softwares skill, report
writing skill, presentation skill and communication skill are very important as these help
interviewer to choose the right person. Finally I would advise you to become positive
about everything which will keep you fresh always.

viii
INTRODUCTION TO SUBJECT SOFTWARE
What is ETABS (Extended 3D Analysis of Building System)?
The innovative and revolutionary new ETABS is the ultimate integrated software
package for the structural analysis and design of buildings. Incorporating 40 years of
continuous research and development, this latest ETABS offers unmatched 3D object
based modeling and visualization tools, blazingly fast linear and nonlinear analytical
power, sophisticated and comprehensive design capabilities for a wide-range of materials,
and insightful graphic displays, reports, and schematic drawings that allow users to
quickly and easily decipher and understand analysis and design results.
From the start of design conception through the production of schematic drawings,
ETABS integrates every aspect of the engineering design process. Creation of models has
never been easier - intuitive drawing commands allow for the rapid generation of floor
and elevation framing. CAD drawings can be converted directly into ETABS models or
used as templates onto which ETABS objects may be overlaid. The state-of-the-art
SAPFire 64-bit solver allows extremely large and complex models to be rapidly
analyzed, and supports nonlinear modeling techniques such as construction sequencing
and time effects (e.g., creep and shrinkage). Design of steel and concrete frames (with
automated optimization), composite beams, composite columns, steel joists, and concrete
and masonry shear walls is included, as is the capacity check for steel connections and
base plates. Models may be realistically rendered, and all results can be shown directly on
the structure. Comprehensive and customizable reports are available for all analysis and
design output, and schematic construction drawings of framing plans, schedules, details,
and cross-sections may be generated for concrete and steel structures.
ETABS provides an unequaled suite of tools for structural engineers designing buildings,
whether they are working on one-story industrial structures or the tallest commercial

ix
high-rises. Immensely capable, yet easy-to-use, has been the hallmark of ETABS since its
introduction decades ago, and this latest release continues that tradition by providing
engineers with the technologically-advanced, yet intuitive, software they require to be
their most productive.
Source: www.csiberkeley.com

x
File exchange capability of ETABS
ETABS can export and import a project for different software. This process is useful
while we work in different softwares platform together. We can design the frame from
ETABS and slab or foundation from Safe. Safe is another software of CSI which is
specially organized for slab and foundation system.
ETABS can import file from
1. Auto Cad
2. Revit Architecture
3. Staad Pro
4. Pro Steel
5. Frame work
6. SAP
7. Safe
Remember that to import a project into ETABS, specific format is required such as to
import project from Auto CAD *.dwg is not suitable but*.dxf is perfect.
ETABS can export file for
1. Auto Cad
2. Revit Architecture
3. Staad Pro
4. Pro Steel
5. Frame work
6. SAP
7. Safe
ETABS offers a specific format for each software so that you can export that project
easily to the new software using import system.
You can find the export import function in file menu of ETABS main interface.

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