The presentation given a brief overview of the Formula 1 racing and the cars.

1. F1 CARS
AMIT MANGTANI

3. WHAT IS FORMULA ONE ???
 Highest class of auto racing sanctioned by the
Federation Internationale de I’Automobile (FIA)
 It referred to as “The pinnacle of Motor Sports”
 Formula one cars race at high speeds up to 360 km
per hour with engines reviving up to a formula
imposed limit of 18,000 rpm

4. F1 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP
 Consists of 2 championships
 Drivers
 Constructors
 Upcoming season includes 12 teams and 24 drivers and
20 Grands Prix
 It includes races some of the most iconic tracks like
Spa-Francorchamps, Monza, Nurburgring and
silverstone

5. Nurburgring, Germany

6. RULES AND REGULATIONS
 Bodywork and Dimensions
 Stiffness
 Engines and KERS
 Impact and Roll Structure Testing
 Suspension and Steering system
 Weight

7. GUIDING PRINCIPLES
 Safety of Drivers is Paramount
 Rules are encouraging for closer competition through
resource restriction and technical regulations
 Ban on Driver’s aids

8. PERFORMANCE OF THE CARS
 Aerodynamics of the cars
 Engines and Engine electronics
 Mechanical Parts
 Tyres
 Cooling requirements

9. EVOLUTION OF F1 CAR

11. BASIC AERODYNAMIC FORCES
ON AEROPLANE
 WEIGHT
 DRAG
 THRUST
 LIFT

12. AERODYNAMICS OF F1 CARS
 Increase downforce of the car
 Reduce the drag on the car and consequently improving
top speed of the car
 Both are interrelated to each other

14. CONCEPT OF DOWNFORCE
 Downforce describes the downward pressure created
by the aerodynamic characteristic of a car.
 The principle that allows an aeroplane to rise off the
ground by creating lift is used in reverse to apply force
that presses the race car against the surface of the car .
This effect is called aerodynamic grip.
 It can only be achieved at the cost of increased drag.

15. Stastics for the Downforce
Downforce Drag L/D Cd Speed For
(in lbs) (in lbs) measureme
nts (in
mph)
Short Oval 3460 1310 2.64 1.397 165
Street 3040 1070 2.84 1.141 165
circuits
Speedway 2835 972 2.92 0.669 220

16. CALCULATING DOWNFORCE
 D is Downforce in Newtons
 WS is Wingspan in Metres
 H is Height in Metres
 AoA is Angle of Attack
 F is Aerodynamic coefficient
 ρ is Air density in kg/m3
 V is Velocity in m/s2

18. How the Downforce is generated???
FRONT WINGS
The shape of airfoils , including
surface area,aspect ratio and
cross section of the device.
Larger Angle of attack creates
more downforce
 Its End Plates reduce drag and
also direct air over the front
wheels
 Accounts approx. 33% of the
downforce

19. Contd…
REAR WING
 Upper portion ia a
traditional multi-element
airfoil with end plates.
 Lower portion pulls or
drives air from the undertray
 Generates approximately
33%of the downforce.

20. TYRES
 The only points of
contact with track surface
 Accelerartion and
cornering very much
depends on the tyres
interaction
 Anti-thesis of optimal
aerodynamics because
they contribute significant
drag

21. ENGINES

22. ENGINES
 Normally aspirated 2.4 L V8 engines
 Fuel injected controlled by standard engine control unit
manufactured by Mclaren
 Limited to 18,000 rpm
 Produce upto 750 hp
 Current engine manufacturers are Ferrari, Mercedes,
Renault and Cosworth

23. STEERING WHEEL
 Most important
interface for the driver
 Controls for engines
mixtures, engine map,
car-pit radio etc around
The steering
 Cost around ₤ 30,000

24. REAR DIFFUSERS
 Gather and organise the high-speed air rushing under
the car
 It helps in preventing flow separation from the undertray
profile.
 These are precisely defined for reducing drag losses.
 Another major importance factor is to achieve the higher
velocity (lower pressure).

25. MAJOR
INNOVATIONS

26. DOUBLE DECK DIFFUSER
 Some teams interpreted
regulations to make diffuser
channels wider
 Their diffuser channels
were wider and hence more
Effective in generating
Downforce
 It was pioneered by Brawn,
Toyota and Williams

27. FLEXI WINGS
 Red bull wing allow non
linear deformation above
certain loads and still cleared
FIA test
 Running front wings closer
to the ground allows for even
greater downforce
 Example of aeroelasticity
in front wing design

28. F-DUCT SYSTEM
 Rear wing stalling device
controlled by leg of a driver
 Gain a significant greater
top speed for the MP4/25 up
to 7-12 km/h
 It was pioneered by
Mclaren

29. BLOWN DIFFUSER
 Blowing exhaust into
the difuser to increase the
mass flow and hence
increment in downforce
 It allowed lap time
improvement of 1 sec.
 It was pioneered by
Red Bull

30. THANK YOU