The document provides an overview of media and information literacy concepts related to text information and media. It defines text, describes different text formats and types, and discusses selection criteria and design principles for text like emphasis, proximity, alignment and organization. Examples of various text styles and formats are presented to illustrate concepts. The document is a teaching guide that aims to help learners understand text in multimedia and how it is formally and informally produced.
1. MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY (MIL)
TEXT INFORMATION AND MEDIA (Part 1)
Definition, Characteristics, Format and Types, Text as Visual,
Selection Criteria, Design Principle and Elements
Mr. Arniel V. Ping
St. Stephen’s High School
Manila, Philippines
PPT No. 23
Date: September 8, 2017
Click this hypertext Go to Page 17 to go back to page 17
2. Learners will be able to…
•define text in the context of multimedia (SSHS);
•describe the different dimensions of text
information and media (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-3);
•comprehend how text information and media
is/are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-4)
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
3. Learners will be able to…
•evaluate the reliability and validity of text
information and media and its/ their sources
using selection criteria (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-5)
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
4. TOPIC OUTLINE
I- TEXT INFORMATION AND MEDIA
A. Definition, Characteristics, Format and Types,
Sources, Advantages and Limitations, and
Value
B. Text as Visual
C. Selection Criteria
D. Design Principle and Elements
5. VIDEO PRESENTATION
SONA: Pagsusulat ng Baybayin, Layong
Buhayin ng Grupong Hibla Sanghabi
Date Published: August 30, 2017
YouTube Channel: GMA News
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5cXn4kodN8
6. TEXT
a simple and flexible format of
presenting information or conveying
ideas whether hand-written, printed or
displayed on-screen
(Source: MIL TG by CHED)
any ‘’human-readable
sequence of characters’’ that
can form intelligible words
(Rouse, 2015)
What is a text?
16. TYPES OF TEXT DESCRIPTION
HYPERTEXT serve to link different electronic
documents and enable users to jump from
one to other in a nonlinear way
PLAINTEXT or
UNFORMATTED TEXT
fixed sized characters having essentially
the same type of appearance
FORMATTED TEXT appearance can be changed using font
parameters (bold, underline, italic, font
size, font color, etc.)
Source: p.144, Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
17. HYPERTEXT
This Go to Page 1 is a hypertext that will
bring you to the first slide in this
presentation.
18. HYPERTEXT
This ARNIEL PING is a hypertext that will
bring you to my SlideShare account.
This https://www.slideshare.net/arnielping is
a hyperlink or link to my SlideShare account.
19. HYPERTEXT
This YouTube is a hypertext that will bring
you to YouTube.
This https://www.youtube.com is a hyperlink
or link that will bring you to YouTube.
22. TYPEFACE
also called font, font type, or type
refers to the representation or
style of a text in the digital format
usually comprised of alphabets,
numbers, punctuation marks, symbols
and other special characters
Source: p. 119, MIL TG by CHED
What is a typeface?
28. COMMON FILE
FORMATS
DESCRIPTION
TXT (text) •Unformatted text document by an editor as
notepad on Windows platform
DOC (document) •a native format for storing documents created
by MS Word package
•contain a rich set of formatting capabilities
RTF (Rich Text
Format)
•Cross platform document exchange; default
format for Mac OS X’s default editor TextEdit
Source: p.149, Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
29. COMMON FILE
FORMATS
DESCRIPTION
PDF (Portable
Document
Format)
•developed by Adobe systems for cross platform
exchange of documents, supports image and
graphics
PS (PostScript) •a page description language used mainly for
desktop publishing
Source: p.149, Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
36. 2. APPROPRIATENESS
• how fitting or suitable the text is
used for a specific audience,
purpose or event
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
40. 3. PROXIMITY
•how near or how far the text elements
from each other
•when two things are closely related,
bring them close together
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
42. 4. ALIGNMENT
• how the text is positioned in the page
• left, center, right, or justified
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
44. 5. ORGANIZATION
• conscious effort to organize the different
text elements in a page
• ensures that while some text elements are
separated from each other, they are still
somehow connected with the rest of the
elements in the page
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
47. 6. REPETITION
•consistency of elements
•unity of the entire design
•repeating some typefaces within
the page
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
49. 7. CONTRAST
•creates visual interest
•two elements are different from
each other
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS
Source: p. 121, MIL TG by CHED
50. white text on a dark background
large fontwith a small font
serif and sans serif
thin elements with wide elements
cool color and warm color
CONTRAST: TWO ELEMENTS ARE DIFFERENT
62. 1.If you will be writing an application
letter for college, what font will you be
using? Why?
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: RECITATION
63. 2. You will create a cleanliness drive
campaign poster for your school.
Which of the design principle and
elements will ensure that the text in
your poster is readable?
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: RECITATION
64. 3. You want to share your narrative
report, which is in a word document
format, to your classmates but you do
not want them to edit its content.
What options are available to you?
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: RECITATION
65. You were given a task by your class
adviser to create a text-based poster to
inform your classmates and teachers that
your section will be moved from your
current classroom to room 415 starting
September 18, 2017.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT:
ANNOUNCEMENT POSTER
66. REFERENCES
Media and Information Literacy
Curriculum Guide by DepEd
Media and Information Literacy Teaching
Guide by CHED
Media and Information Literacy by Boots
C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
Notes de l'éditeur
This learning competency was already covered in the Lesson “Information Literacy” and “Information Sources”.
evaluate the reliability and validity of text information and media and its/ their sources using selection criteria (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-5)
A man blatantly ignores a traffic warning sign that reads 'No crossing, somebody was killed already' in a street in Sta. Mesa, Manila on January 22, 2011.
Hypertext vs Hyperlink (http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-hypertext-and-vs-hyperlink/)
•Hypertext and hyperlinks are interrelated terms and powerful tools cross linking websites on the net.
•Hypertext is the word or the text that has been anchored with a reference that takes one to additional source of information instantly by just clicking on it.
•Hyperlink is the URL to which this hypertext takes one to.
Hypertext vs Hyperlink (http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-hypertext-and-vs-hyperlink/)
•Hypertext and hyperlinks are interrelated terms and powerful tools cross linking websites on the net.
•Hypertext is the word or the text that has been anchored with a reference that takes one to additional source of information instantly by just clicking on it.
•Hyperlink is the URL to which this hypertext takes one to.
Hypertext vs Hyperlink (http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-hypertext-and-vs-hyperlink/)
•Hypertext and hyperlinks are interrelated terms and powerful tools cross linking websites on the net.
•Hypertext is the word or the text that has been anchored with a reference that takes one to additional source of information instantly by just clicking on it.
•Hyperlink is the URL to which this hypertext takes one to.
Another example of plain text or unformatted text is the text in our Facebook post and comments.
PLAIN TEXT
(Source: https://techterms.com/definition/plaintext)
Text documents come in two flavors - rich textand plain text. Plain text, as you might have guessed, is rather plain. It supports standard ASCII characters, including numbers, symbols, and spaces, but does not support any type of text formatting. Therefore you cannot apply bold, italic, or underlined styles, and you cannot use different fonts or font sizes in a plain text document.
Because plain text does not contain information about text sizes or styles, it is the most efficient way to store text. Plain text documents often take up less than half the size of rich text documents containing the same number of characters. This is why log files, which contain a "log" of data generated by a program, are typically stored in a plain text format.
You can use a basic text editor such as Notepad or WordPad (for Windows) or TextEdit (for Mac) to create a plain text document. Other word processing programs can also create plain text documents, but you may have to use the "Save As..." command and choose the plain text option when saving the file. Keep in mind that if you change a rich text document to a plain text file, you will lose any formatting applied to the text.
Since converting rich text to plain text removes text formatting, this process can be used to strip all styles from formatted text. For example, if you use Windows, you can copytext from a formatted document and paste it into Notepad, which only supports plain text. If you copy the text you just pasted into Notepad, the unformatted text will be copied to your clipboard. The next time you paste the text, it will be pasted as plain text. If you use a Mac, you can do the same thing with TextEdit, but since the program supports rich text, you will need to select Format → Make Plain Text after pasting the text into the program.
File Extension: .TXT
5 Reasons to Convert Word DOC to PDF by Noelle (Please note that this was posted in 2014)
(Source: http://blog.online-convert.com/5-reasons-to-convert-word-doc-to-pdf/)
MS Word is one of the most popular word processors around. However, even its most loyal users take advantage of online file converters to create PDF (Portable Document Format) versions when sending certain information like bills or handouts. This is because word documents can be altered whereas PDF ones can’t. If you want more reasons to convert word to PDF, here are five.
#1) Word Documents Don’t Keep Their Formatting
One of the main reasons people use Word to PDF converters is because MS Word reformats documents when opened on a different computer. Even if you use the same computer but a different printer, the formatting you spent your time and effort on will be lost. So to keep the document’s formatting intact, you should convert your .doc file into .pdf.
#2) References Can Become Mismatched
If you open your word document on any other computer, chances are that your table of contents will become a mess. This is because page numbers can change in long documents. For eBook and report writers, this can be a nuisance, which is why they convert their documents to PDF files.
#3) MS Word has Multiple Versions
Old versions of the software can’t properly open files created in new versions. For example, text in Word 2010 files usually lacks spaces when opened in older versions. On the other hand, the format of .pdf files is the same, allowing users to access files regardless of version.
#4) There are Many Word Processors
MS Word is just one of many word processors out there, which means that some of the people you’re communicating with may not have the software installed. On the other hand, .pdf is a more universal file extension that is accessible via a number of software aside from Adobe PDF Reader. So if you want your document to be viewed by a large readership, convert it to .pdf.
#5) PDF Files are Mobile Device-Friendly
With most users shifting their operations to mobile devices like smartphones and tablets, you can’t afford to stay behind. Most convert Word to PDF because files of the latter are easy to access and their apps are usually free. On the other hand, Word files require special apps that cost a pretty penny and don’t support many features since they’re not by Microsoft.
Now that you know why you should convert Word to PDF, bookmark the best online file converter around!
Which of the following file types are you familiar with?
1. Emphasis - refers to the importance or value given to a part of the text-based content. When trying to make a point or highlighting a
message, you can make the text bold, italicized, have a heavier weight, darkened or lightened (depending on your background color) or
enlarged.
1. Emphasis - refers to the importance or value given to a part of the text-based content. When trying to make a point or highlighting a
message, you can make the text bold, italicized, have a heavier weight, darkened or lightened (depending on your background color) or
enlarged.
Beautiful emphasis created by nice proportions that get our attention to what the site is about and also to the donate button.
What texts were given emphasis in this poster?
How was emphasis achieved in this poster?
2. Appropriateness - refers to how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific audience, purpose or event. In the creation of text-based
content, make sure that the selection criteria (tone, style, purpose, clarity) is followed. As for the choice of typefaces to be used, refer to the
discussion of the characteristics of the fonts. When it comes to large body text, the font should be clear enough to read.
Which font is used in formal letter or documents?
Why is Jokerman not advised to be used in a formal letter?
Which font is commonly used in printed documents like books and test paper?
Which font is used in most websites?
Which font is similar to the font in your text messages or Facebook post or comments?
Why is this font a wrong choice for a gravestone? What font do you think is more fitting?
Would you trust Dr. Brown if this is the font used in his calling card? Why?
3. Proximity - refers to how near or how far are the text elements from each other. When two things are closely related, we bring them close
together. Otherwise, we put text elements far from each other. For example, the main title and subtitle are usually placed close to each
other.
Which one shows text proximity? Why?
4. Alignment - refers to how the text is positioned in the page. This can be left, right,
center or justified.
4. Alignment - refers to how the text is positioned in the page. This can be left, right,
center or justified.
5. Organization - refers to a conscious effort to organize the different text elements in a page. Organization ensures that while some text elements are separated from each other (based on the principle of proximity), they are still somehow connected with the rest of the elements in the page. When there are many elements needed to fit in a page, start by creating a framework or a compartment for the elements. Divide the space by creating lines across the page, making it look like a cabinet with various space sizes. Once you are done compartmentalizing, you can place the different text elements on the boxes.
5. Organization - refers to a conscious effort to organize the different text elements in a page. Organization ensures that while some text elements are separated from each other (based on the principle of proximity), they are still somehow connected with the rest of the elements in the page. When there are many elements needed to fit in a page, start by creating a framework or a compartment for the elements. Divide the space by creating lines across the page, making it look like a cabinet with various space sizes. Once you are done compartmentalizing, you can place the different text elements on the boxes.
How is organization achieved in this design?
6. Repetition- concerns consistency of elements and the unity of the entire design. Repetition encourages the use of repeating some typefaces within the page. When several typefaces are used on a page, it might distract the audience and fail to communicate what you want them to get from the content. To strike a balance, do not also use just a single typeface for a visual design product.
How is contrast achieved in this design?
7. Contrast- creates visual interest to text elements. Contrast is achieved when two
elements are different from each other. When you place a white text on a very light yellow background, contrast is not achieved and the text will be difficult to read, but when you put a white text on a dark brown background, contrast is created. Contrast can be achieved in various ways, by joining the following elements: large font with a small font, serif and sans serif, thin elements with wide elements, cool color and warm color.
7. Contrast- creates visual interest to text elements. Contrast is achieved when two
elements are different from each other. When you place a white text on a very light yellow background, contrast is not achieved and the text will be difficult to read, but when you put a white text on a dark brown background, contrast is created. Contrast can be achieved in various ways, by joining the following elements: large font with a small font, serif and sans serif, thin elements with wide elements, cool color and warm color.
How is contrast achieved in this design?
What do you think should have done in this poster in terms of emphasis to avoid what happened in their event where chaos and stampede occurred (luckily nobody was seriously hurt).
Answer: In terms of poster design, applying emphasis on the text “Strictly for first 80 Customers” could have help in avoiding chaos or stampede.
Students can use MS Word or MS PowerPoint to create the announcement.
You can ask them to convert it into a PDF file.