2. Wal-Mart – July 2, 1962 by Sam Walton at Rogers,
Arkansas US
First discount store
Core philosophy - cost leadership – offer better value for money
Strategy : focus on stores at small towns
: ELDP - the pricing strategy
: Cost leadership Strategy
: Massive expansion strategy
: Global sourcing strategy
3. Growth through :
Heavy IT investments
Surplus reinvestments
Increasing no. of stores
Consistent Cost cutting measures
Public issue
Economies of scale
Sam’s Clubs
Scanners
Satellite communication system
Hyper mart – food retailing (Super centers)
Neighborhood markets n Super centers combo
‘Store of the community’ program
4. Over the years
• Discount stores :1573 to 1568
• Sam’s Clubs : 148 to 1258
• Super Centers : 3 to 525
• Neighborhood markets: 0 to 49
• Revenue - $244.5 billion
• Awards
2002 : ‘Ron Brown’ award for corporate leadership by President
2002 & 2003 : #1 in Fortune 500 list of world’s largest
companies
5. Vision:
“If we work together, we’ll lower the cost of living for
everyone…we’ll give the world an opportunity to see what it’s like
to save and have a better life.
Mission
To help people save money so they can live better
Tagline
Save Money. Live better
7. Strengths
1.Scale of operations
2.Funding ability
3.Competence in information systems
4.Wide range of products
5.International operations
Weaknesses
1. Labour related lawsuits
2. High employee turnover
3. Little differentiation
4. Negative publicity
8. 1. Retail market growth in developing countries
2. Rising acceptance of own label products
3. Trend toward healthy eating
4. Online shopping growth
1. Increasing competition from brick and mortar
and online competitors
2. Increasing resistance from local communities
3. Political issues in developing countries
Opportunities
Threats
13. Experience Curve
Discount store – Sam’s Club – Super Centres – Neighbourhood Markets
Importance of IT system (POS, SCS & Automated conveyor system)
Impact of Experimentation
15. Location
3 things are important in retailing “Location, Location & Location”
Rural
From rural to cities
Connectivity from distribution centres to retail store
Stores are 300 Miles (482 KM) away from distribution centres
158 Distribution centres for 11000 retail stores, in 27 countries
16. Integration
They focused on backward integration rather than forward integration
They learned how manufactures are performing
Focused more on “EDLP”
Obtained bargaining power through backward
integration
Gained ability to replacement with in 2 Days (Forward integration)
17. Porter’s Value Chain
General administration
Human resource management
Technology development
Procurement
Inbound
logistics
Operations Outbound
logistics
Marketing
and sales
Service
18. Primary Activities
Inbound Logistics Operations Outbound Logistics Marketing and sales Service
-VMI system
(Vendor managed
inventory)
continuous
replenishment
-EDI (Electronic
Data Interchange
3 business segments:
a)WalMart stores
- Super centers
- Discount centers
- Neighborhood
markets
b) SAM’S Club
c)WalMart
international
-Hub and spoke
distribution system.
- CROSS
DOCKING:
logistic technique to
make the distribution
process more
efficient
-Word of mouth
communication.
-focuses on everyday
low prices
“Save money, live
better”
-Sales are on a self-service,
cash-and-carry
basis.
-accepting returned
goods
-Satisfaction
guarantee
- Opening
hours(24/7)
19. Firms infrasctructure: close connection between headquarter and local stores.
Human resources:
- Based on Interaction practices between company and employees
-Low pay but other benefits (health care plans, retirement plans, or promotion opportunities)
-2.2 million associates globally.
-Every time we open a supercenter, we provide roughly 300 jobs
-Women57% of our U.S. workforce, 27% of corporate officers, and 20% of our Board of directors.
Techonology development: It is the key factor of the company. It constitutes a competitive advantage
against competitors.
- Computer-based technology
POS (Point of sales) system
Satellite System
Procurement:
-Wal-Mart deals directly with manufacturers, by passing all intermediaries.
- EDI : Electronic data interchange
MANUFACTURER – WALMART - CUSTOMERS