2. What is CPAP
• Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
(NPPV) is a means to support failing
respiratory function by delivering oxygen
enriched gas under pressure without
requiring endotracheal intubation
• Best used as a short term strategy to "buy
time" for medical therapy to treat rapidly
reversible causes of respiratory failure
3.
4.
5. • CPAP utilizes low pressure (5 cm H2O) to
maintain airway patency
• Increases Functional Reserve Capacity (FRC)
• Recruit Alveoli
• Increase Oxygenation
• Decrease work of breathing
• Alveoli splinting
6.
7. Alveoli Splinting
• LaPlace equation - force to increase the size
of a sphere is greater when the sphere is
small (think of blowing up a balloon)
• Increased surface area improves oxygen
diffusion through alveolar/capillary
membrane
8. Advantages of NPPV
• Avoids potential trauma secondary to
endotracheal intubation
• Avoids need for sedation
• Allows patient to maintain ability to
communicate
• Avoids risk of ventilator associated
pneumonia
9. Disadvantages
• Patient must be alert
• have spontaneous respirations
• tight mask fit (no facial hair)
• feeling of claustrophobia
• Increased Thoracic Pressure (ITP) can reduce
Cardiac Output (CO)
10. CPAP vs BiPAP
• Bi level Positive Airway Pressure
• Provides higher inspiratory pressure IPAP
• Increases tidal volume and ventilation
• Assists with removal of CO2
