33 ellabban care of the kidney during daily

Care of the kidney during daily Ortho- Rheumatology practice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Kidney Diagram Capsule Renal Vein Renal Artery Cortex Pyramid Papilla Calyx Pelvis Ureter Column Medulla Nephron

Renal prostaglandins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Renal PGs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Renal cortex Renal medulla

Renal prostaglandins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Creatinine & Cystatin C clearance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5 Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease ( K/DOQI) define CKD as The presence of kidney damage or a reduction in the GFR for > 3 months. GFR Description Stage More than 90 Risk factors for kidney disease (e.g., diabetes, high blood pressure, family history, older age. At increased risk More than 90 Kidney damage (protein in the urine) and normal GFR 1 60 to 89 Kidney damage and mild decrease in GFR 2 30 to 59 Moderate decrease in GFR 3 15 to 29 Severe decrease in GFR 4 Less than 15 Kidney failure (dialysis or kidney transplant needed) 5

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN ( Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A cute TIN are caused by hypersensitivity reactions to drugs and are not mediated by direct toxicity . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TIN are diseases involving tubules and or the interstitium outside the glomerulus. The renal cortex shows a diffuse interstitial, mononuclear infiltrate with intact glomerulus. Tubules in the center of the field are separated by inflammation and edema.

NSAIDs induced acute TIN. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antibiotic-induced acute TIN. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Inflammatory infiltrate ( ill-defined granuloma) with a partially destroyed tubule. Mononuclear infiltrate with abundant eosinophils, (allergic etiology). Severe tubular damage is observed

Cyclosporine- and tacrolimus- induced nephropathy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chronic TIN, with interstitial fibrosis, distortion of tubules and periglomerular fibrosis . Intact glomeruli.

Assessment of CKD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Imaging Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Treatment of AIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Why CKD should be prevented and early detected ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hyperlipidemia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Analgesic nephropathy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

NSAIDs Elimination enhancement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chloroquine / Hydroxychloroquine Toxicity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MTX renal handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Leucovorin (citrovorum factor). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cyclosporin A (CSA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Leflunomide (LF) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Antihypertensive agents: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pearls for Practice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pearls for Practice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

33 ellabban care of the kidney during daily

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33 ellabban care of the kidney during daily