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Clean Production Green Certifications and Industries Gabriella Chiellino eAmbiente Srl xxxx International University February  2012
 
Points of discussion: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1. What is environmental auditing in Europe?  obligatory - voluntary “ Environmental auditing ” is the systematic, documented, periodic and objective evaluation  of the performance of an organization to protect the environment  and to  manage the environmental aspects with the aim of: Facilitating management control of practices which may have an environmental impact  Assessing environmental policy compliance, including the organization’s environmental objectives and targets
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Obligatory  Environmental Controls Voluntary  Environmental Audits Obligatory laws Voluntary EMS 1. What is environmental auditing in Europe?  obligatory - voluntary
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2. Obligatory environmental compliance The original text consists of 318 articles divided into 6 “compartments":  Part I: General;  Part II: Environmental Impact Assessment ( EIA ), Strategic  Environmental Assessment ( SEA ) and Integrated  Pollution Prevention & Control ( IPPC );  Part III: SOIL  conservation, protection and  WATER  management;  Part IV: WASTE  management and remediation of contaminated sites;  Part V: ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS  (also  D.Lgs. 216/2006  derived  from  2003/87/EC  directive on  EMISSION TRADING );  Part VI: Environmental damage. OBLIGATORY COMPLIANCE
What does the Competent Enforcement Authority (e.g. Environmental Agency) monitor? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2. Obligatory environmental compliance
What are obligatory controls made for? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Collected  data  are used by policy makers at the regional, national and European level 2. Obligatory environmental compliance NATIONAL LEVEL:  definition of territorial and management plans, development programs and environmental laws compliant with European directives   EUROPEAN LEVEL:  definition of environmental directives and regulations and development projects INDICATORS
2. Obligatory environmental compliance EUROPE  ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTS ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTIVES (e.g. 42/2001 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA) ITALY  STRATEGIES FOR TERRITORIAL PLANNING  ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS (e.g. D.Lgs. 152/2006, part II, Valutazione Ambientale Strategica VAS) INDICATORS MONITORING VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING
The voluntary audit monitors TWO   different areas of environmental impact management Process control Product control ISO 14001, EMAS Ecolabel What.. How.. ..is the environmental performance and impact of the Company’s product  (Life cycle Assessment) ..Companies implement their own environmental management system 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe Voluntary Environmental Audit
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Product control Eco-LABEL Products 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe
EMS: “Environmental Management  System” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Process control 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe
In Europe there are  two  EMS  schemes EMAS E co- M anagement and  A udit  S cheme European Regulation International Standard ISO   14001:2004 Process control 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe
The international standard ISO 14001:2004 encourages businesses to implement an environmental management system, or EMS.  An EMS is driven by the environmental mission of the organisation (Policy statement), is concerned by the environmental impact of products, activities, and services; sets environmental objectives; meets legal and regulatory requirements; provides training to employees; and provides for oversight and auditing procedures.  Many companies find that adhering to the ISO 14001 standard, which is a continuation of the ISO 9000 quality standards, helps to meet the ever-increasing environmental requirements and concerns of the global marketplace. Process control 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe ISO 14001 + Public Reporting + Legal Compliance + Employees Participation  + Performance  improvement EMAS
ISO 14001- EMAS  (EC Regulation 1221/09) ISO 14001 International model, which has been used in Italy since 1996 as UNI EN ISO  (UNI is the Italian Standards Organisation).  This guideline shows its APPLICATION: Voluntary schemes for organisations willing to commit themselves  to evaluating and improving their environmental performance Process control EMAS (EC Reg.1221/2009) The scheme, available to companies since 1995 (EEC Regulation No 1836/93) was originally restricted to companies in industrial sectors. EMAS has been open to all economic sectors including public and private services since 2001 (EC Regulation  No 761/2001).  In addition, EMAS was strengthened by the integration of ISO 14001 as the environmental management system required by EMAS. europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents/legislative_en.htm 3.  Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe EMS Audit Performance indicators Communication ISO 14001 and 14004 ISO 19011 ISO 14031 ISO 14063
YEAR 2006 4.  Statistics of EMS implementation ISO 14001  IN THE WORLD:  worldwide panorama of ISO 14001-certified organisations at the end of 2006.
EMAS in Europe:  organizations and sites 4.  Statistics of EMS implementation Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/emas/ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Source: http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents/articles_en.htm 4.  Statistics of EMS implementation EMAS in Europe
Source: http://www.isprambiente.it/certificazioni/ 4.  Statistics of EMS implementation Italy’s most important EMAS registered organizations EMAS in Italy Distribution of EMAS registered organisations/sites Sites Registrations
4.  Statistics of EMS implementation Source: http://www.isprambiente.it/certificazioni/ Country: ITALY YEAR 2011 EMAS registered organisations - TOTAL By year Total
4.  Statistics of EMS implementation EMAS registered organisations by type (private/public) and size Distribution of EMAS registered organisations by economic sector Government and Public activities 23% Country: ITALY YEAR 2011
Participation is voluntary and extends to public or private organisations operating in the European Union and the European Economic Area (EEA) — Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.  Since 2001 EMAS has been open to  all economic sectors including public and private services 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS EMAS Involved subjects:
EMAS is strengthened by the  integration of ISO 14001  as the environmental management system required by EMAS 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS EMAS ISO 14001
Validation and Registration The environmental review, EMS, audit procedure and environmental statement must be approved by an  accredited EMAS verifier  and the validated environmental statement (ES) needs to be sent to the  EMAS Competent Body  for registration and made available to the public before an organisation can use the EMAS logo. The Eco-audit Eco-Label Committee for EMAS is a body of the Member State of EC nominated by the government. Organisations that have published the validated ES document are included in the  Official European Registry  www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas For Registration : ISPRA is the agency that collaborates with the Italian EMAS Committee to verify the environmental data and legal compliance declared in the ES VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
EMAS Audit Registration First Certification ISO 14001  Environmental Audit Validate Environmental Statement EMAS   Committee Accredited ISO 14001 Verifier (eg. DNV, BVQI,…) Accredited Emas  Verifier (e.g. DNV, BVQI, ...) Italian  Environmental Protection Agency called  ISPRA VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION Certification VS Registration 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE OF EMAS Registration: UP-TO-DATE Environmental Statements  The registration lasts for 3 YEARS. During the 3 years, there are 2 validation steps of updated ES made by the Committee. The registration needs to be renewed every 3 years. VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS 0 1 st  full validation - Registration I° 0 – Registration renewal 3 rd  validation of updated ES III° 2 nd  validation of updated ES II°
The attractive EMAS logo used by organisations to show EMAS registration aims to give  added value to the organisation by improving its public image. EMAS logo VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION
EMAS ISPRA National Environmental Agency (public) FIRMS :  SCHEDULED  CONTROLS every 3 years OBLIGATORY CONTROLS National and Regional  laws  (e.g.: emissions limits, waste disposal,…). Authorisations  given by governmental organisations (Provinces, Regions, State) FIRMS  must respect the law and obtain the necessaries authorisations.  RANDOM  CONTROLS  Controls made by  ARPA  (Regional Environmental Agencies),  NOE  (environmental police),  GUARDIA DI FINANZA  (financial police), etc.. EMAS  accredited VERIFIER (private). In Italy: 10 organisations  (e.g. DNV, Certiquality, …) approves technical support Ecoaudit-Ecolabel State Committee : 14 members  (representatives of Environment, Industry, Health and Treasury Ministries) EMAS section : 7 members
annex I, EC 1221/2009 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW  http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents.htm The environmental review shall cover the following areas: (1)  Identification of the applicable  legal requirements  relating to the environment (2)  Identification of all direct and indirect  environmental aspects  with a significant impact on the environment Initial environmental review 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
(3) a description of the  criteria for assessing the significance of the environmental impact (4) an  examination of all existing environmental management practices and procedures (5) an  evaluation of feedback from the investigation of previous incidents Initial environmental review 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS DIRECT  annex I Activities over which organisations can be expected to have an influence  (eg. public administration organisations, banks etc.) INDIRECT:  annex I IER: Environmental Aspects 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Activities over which organisations have direct control  (eg. Industrial companies ) (a) emissions to air;  (b) releases to water;  (c) waste management, particularly hazardous wastes  (d) use and contamination of land  (e) use of natural resources & raw materials  (f)  use of additives and auxiliaries as well as semi-manufactured goods (g) local issues (g) transport issues  (h) risks of environmental accidents  (i) effects on biodiversity. (a) product life cycle related issues;  (b) capital investments, granting loans and insurance services;  (c) new markets;  (d) choice and composition of services;  (e) administrative & planning decisions;  (f) product range compositions;  (g) the environmental performance and practices of contractors, subcontractors and suppliers.
Criteria for assessing the significance of an organisation’s environmental aspects (a)  information about  the activities, products and services of the organisation that may have an environmental impact; (b)  the organisation’s existing data  on material and energy inputs, discharges, wastes and emissions in terms of risk; (c)  views  of interested parties (public citizens, etc.) (d) the regulated environmental activities of the organisation ( legal compliance ) (e)  procurement  activities (f) design, development, manufacturing, distribution, servicing, use, re-use, recycling and disposal of the  organisation’s products ; (g) those activities of the organisation with the most significant environmental  costs , and environmental benefits. Initial environmental review 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
Case studies showing how EMAS Environmental Initial Review is applied In a public administration  organisation In a private organisation Example of an Environmental Aspect: WASTE MANAGEMENT   5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
Italian law on waste: DLgs 152/2006 European Regulations on waste: a)  2008/98/CE waste management b)  2008/33/CE RAEE c)  91/689/CEE dangerous waste d)  94/62/CE packaging waste & general packaging Other waste regulations apply in private organisations (industrial waste): on-site collection, waste storage and waste elimination  (eg. storage of dangerous waste cannot exceed 10 cubic metres without authorization)  Public administration organisations have to achieve 50% waste differentiation by 2020 Initial environmental review 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Public administration organisation Private organisation
Direct aspects of waste storage Indirect aspects of waste pick-up service  + + Initial environmental review 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Public administration organisation Private organisation
Environmental management system,  annex II Deming cycle:  continual improvement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What is DO?   a) Structure and responsibility; b) Training, awareness and competence; c) Communication; d) Environmental management system documentation; e) Operational control; f)Emergency preparedness and response What is CHECK? Internal audits ensure that the activities carried out by an organisation are being conducted in accordance with established procedures.  The audit may also identify problems within the established procedures or opportunities for improving those procedures.  ,[object Object],[object Object],Environmental Managment System 5.  Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION of 10 July 2003 Guidance for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 (EMAS) concerning the selection and use of environmental performance indicators (now integrated in the new EMAS Regulation) The three types of indicators in Europe are: CHECK: Monitoring and Measurement of INDICATORS
Operational performance indicators (OPIs) :   These concentrate on the aspects associated with an organisation's operations including activities, products or services and can cover such topics as emissions, product and raw material recycling, fuel consumption of vehicle fleet, or energy usage. Example: Waste indicator % recycling waste Kg per tonnes of product 6.  EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration organisation Private organisation
Management Performance Indicators (MPIs) :   These concentrate on the efforts of management to provide the infrastructure for environmental management to succeed and can, among others, cover environmental programmes, objectives and targets, training, incentive schemes, audit  frequency, site inspections, administration and community relations. Example: Eg. The number of hours spent on training operators Number of objectives obtained Percentage of land planned to remain as or become natural habitat or green areas (per year) 6.  EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration Private organisation
Environmental Condition Indicators (ECIs) :   These give information on the quality of the environment surrounding the organisation or the local, regional or global state of the environment. Examples include the water quality of a nearby lake, the regional air quality, concentrations of greenhouse gases or the concentration of certain pollutants in the soil.  Number of new public waste storage areas The % of waste differentiation obtained  Quality of a river near the  waste storage of an organisation The % of recycled waste compared to the % of eliminated waste Example: 6.  EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration organisation Private organisation
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement annex IV, EC 1221/2009 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents.htm The data generated by an environmental management system will be used in a number of different ways to show the environmental performance of an organisation.  For this purpose organisations may use relevant existing  environmental performance indicators .
Here are some of the requirements specified in Annex IV, point B To give a clear understanding of the organisation and its  activities ,  products  and  services . INTENT •  maps and diagrams; •  annotated aerial photographs; •  flow diagrams; •  classification (i.e. the NACE code) of the organisation; •  name of contact person (if applicable). GOOD  PRACTICE 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement
To present the  organisation’s policy commitments  and outline how these are implemented throughout the organisation. INTENT •  include the  environmental policy , and possibly an introduction letter, signed by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO); •  include an organisational chart with contacts for the environmental representative; •  include a  diagram  showing the EMS structure; •  comment on any major changes in environmental policy or management system. GOOD  IDEAS To give an  overall picture  of the organisation’s significant environmental aspects and to explain the environmental consequences of its  activities ,  products  and  services . INTENT 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement
relate the environmental impacts of the organisation’s activities to the inputs and outputs of its operations in an  ‘environmental balance sheet’ : EXAMPLE 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement
To present data on the  environmental performance  of the organisation and its progress in achieving its objectives and targets. Also to show how the organisation’s environmental performance is changing over time. INTENT Emission of CO2 in relation to targets and legal provisions: EXAMPLE 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement
Example: Environmental Statement by Kroll (cosmetic company): INTRODUCTION  3   Energy compartment      16 INFORMATION ABOUT THE FACTORY 4  Substance compartment    16 HISTORY ABOUT ORGANIZATION 4  Ground compartment    16 TERRITORY   4  Waste material compartment   16 CLIMATE 7  Noise  compartment    17 PRODUCTIVE FLOW 8   POLITICS    18 RAW MATERIALS 8  TARGET OBTEINED IN THE YEAR 2011   19 MIXERING   9  ESTABILISHED TARGET IN 2008-2011   23  WARM PROCESS  9  ENVIRONMENTAL DUTY & RESPONSABILITY  25 COLD PRECESS 9  PROFESSIONAL TRAINING   25 PACKAGING  9  OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT & CONTROL   25 STOREHOUSE   9  SGI DOCUMENTATION   26 DISTRIBUTION 9  ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE 2001   28 QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY (R&D) 9  Entry data   29 WASTE MATERIAL STOREHOUSE 10  Exit data    33  PRODUCT  10  GLOSSARY   35 LEGISLATIVE REGISTRY 13  Technical glossary and conclusion   38 ANALISYS ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL POINT 14   Approval declaration   38 Water compartment  14 Air compartment  14 Energy compartment  14 Substance compartment  14 Ground compartment  14 Waste material compartment  15 Noise  compartment  15 ANALISYS INDIRECT POINT 15 Recovery products  15 Search products at less  environmental impact 15 ENVIRONMENTAL POINT NOT CONSIDERABLE 15 ANALISYS SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 16 Water compartment 16 Air compartment  16  ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 7.  EMAS: Environmental Statement
Environmental Management System  (EMS) implementation in the industrial sector The example of: SCORZE’ PLANT (Italy) A certified site based on UNI EN ISO 14001:2004
COMPANY PROFILE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],… .are marketed in 200 countries
FROM PEPSICO’S SUSTAINABILITY SUMMARY 2010 COMPANY’S VALUES & COMMITMENTS  PepsiCo has placed Environmental sustainability of its processes and products among its key values ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PEPSICO ITALIA & ISO 14001
PEPSICO ITALIA & ISO 14001 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW  ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND OBJECTIVES ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND OBJECTIVES ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT WORKFLOW
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Each phase of the workflow was associated with the relative impacts on the environment and a priority list was made
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Water consumption per liter of product Weekly monitoring +  Target
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Waste water production per liter of product Weekly monitoring +  Target
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Frequency of shipping vehicles VS environmental class of engine calculating, monitoring and tracking CO2 emissions internally and across the trading partners
TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Indicators have been targeted through the years coherently with the Organization’s commitments… … with encouraging results! Objective Reduction of specific consumption of water Intervention Reduction of washing time and optimization of washing equipment Expected results Water: < 3,9 lt/lt product (2009) < 3,6 lt/lt product (2010) Investment Internal resources Results obtained Water: 3,604 lt/lt product (2009)   3,22 lt/lt product (2010)  
TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Indicators have been targeted through the years coherently with the Organization’s commitments… … with encouraging results! Objective Reduction of specific consumption of energy Intervention Turning off machines when not in use (industrial equipment, computers, lights, etc.), timing air conditioning, LED technology for external lighting Expected results Power: < 0,131 kWh/lt product (2010) Investment Internal resources Results obtained 0,119 kWh/lt product (2010)  
TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Objectives for the future: Objective Reduction of specific consumption of water Intervention Purchase of CO2 compensation quotas from sustainable forestry Expected results Compensation of part of the CO2 emissions due to shipping of products Investment To be defined Objective Reduction of specific consumption of energy Intervention Completion of CO2 tracking database Actions on trading partners for providing cleaner vehicles Choice of more virtuous partners Expected results CO2 emissions: -3 % CO2 emission (referred to 2010) Investment Internal resources
Example: the ISO 14001 certification of a Public Administration 8. Case history: city of Venice
8. Case history: city of Venice EMS PLANNING INITIAL ENVIROMENTAL ANALYSIS EMS IMPLEMENTATION ISO 14001 CERTIFICATION The way to certification… AUDIT/TRAINING/ MANAGEMENT REVIEW AUDIT/TRAINING/ MANAGEMENT REVIEW CERTIFICATION AUDIT
Deming Cicle in ISO 14001 scheme: 8. Case history: city of Venice
ENVIROMENTAL POLICY (point 4.2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],8. Case history: city of Venice
ENVIROMENTAL ASPECTS (point 4.3.1) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],8. Case history: city of Venice
Environmental management activities DIRECTLY carried out: Traffic Management and Mobility Spatial Planning   Issuing discharge authorizations Maintaining roads and signage Design and construction of public works Urban surveillance activities Property management, municipal buildings and sports facilities 8. Case history: city of Venice
Maintenance equipment  Maintenance cemeteries Management of waste collection Management of water resources Public lighting Maintenance public green Environmental management activities INDIRECTLY carried out: School bus transportation Disinfest and rodent control 8. Case history: city of Venice
LEGAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS (point 4.3.2) ,[object Object],The Municipal Administration: ,[object Object],[object Object],8. Case history: city of Venice
OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS (point 4.3.3) – Part 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS (point 4.3.3) – Part 2 Obtaining funding for regional projects of characterization / remediation of contaminated sites Increase the waste collection at the 65% Production of energy from the waves in the lagoon Etc…Etc…Etc.. 8. Case history: city of Venice
STRUCURE AND RESPONSABILITY (point 4.4.1) ,[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
TRAINING, AWARENESS AND COMPETENCE (point 4.4.2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
COMMUNICATION (point 4.4.3) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION  (point 4.4.4 – 4.4.5) ,[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
OPERATIONAL CONTROL (point 4.4.6) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: 8. Case history: city of Venice
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE (point 4.4.7) ,[object Object],The Municipal Administration: RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE:  In the structures of the Environment Directorate, which identifies the greater risk is that of fire. For each structure, there are fire-fighting, evacuation drills are conducted regularly, firefighters have been defined RISK MANAGEMENT OUTSIDE:  It has been defined the Civil Defence Plan, which are differentiated foreseeable risks and unpredictable risks. 8. Case history: city of Venice
MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT (point 4.5.1) ,[object Object],The Municipal Administration: For Example: The data on waste has been useful for monitoring the performance of sorting and defining the objective 8. Case history: city of Venice
NON – CONFORMANCE, CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTION  (point 4.5.3) – Part 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: No- conformities (NC) Corrective actions (CA) 8. Case history: city of Venice
SYSTEM  AUDIT (point 4.5.5) ,[object Object],[object Object],The Municipal Administration: For Example: Once the year is scheduled audit at the Waste collection site 8. Case history: city of Venice
8. Case history: city of Venice MANAGEMENT REVIEW (point 4.6) The Municipal Administration: Input Elements: -No conformities -Enviromental data -Results of internal ispections -Training plan -Enviromental target ,[object Object],Output Elements: -Review Report
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Clean Production - Green Certifications and Industries

  • 1. Clean Production Green Certifications and Industries Gabriella Chiellino eAmbiente Srl xxxx International University February 2012
  • 2.  
  • 3.
  • 4. 1. What is environmental auditing in Europe? obligatory - voluntary “ Environmental auditing ” is the systematic, documented, periodic and objective evaluation of the performance of an organization to protect the environment and to manage the environmental aspects with the aim of: Facilitating management control of practices which may have an environmental impact Assessing environmental policy compliance, including the organization’s environmental objectives and targets
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. 2. Obligatory environmental compliance EUROPE ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTS ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTIVES (e.g. 42/2001 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA) ITALY STRATEGIES FOR TERRITORIAL PLANNING ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS (e.g. D.Lgs. 152/2006, part II, Valutazione Ambientale Strategica VAS) INDICATORS MONITORING VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING
  • 10. The voluntary audit monitors TWO different areas of environmental impact management Process control Product control ISO 14001, EMAS Ecolabel What.. How.. ..is the environmental performance and impact of the Company’s product (Life cycle Assessment) ..Companies implement their own environmental management system 3. Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe Voluntary Environmental Audit
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. In Europe there are two EMS schemes EMAS E co- M anagement and A udit S cheme European Regulation International Standard ISO 14001:2004 Process control 3. Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe
  • 14. The international standard ISO 14001:2004 encourages businesses to implement an environmental management system, or EMS. An EMS is driven by the environmental mission of the organisation (Policy statement), is concerned by the environmental impact of products, activities, and services; sets environmental objectives; meets legal and regulatory requirements; provides training to employees; and provides for oversight and auditing procedures. Many companies find that adhering to the ISO 14001 standard, which is a continuation of the ISO 9000 quality standards, helps to meet the ever-increasing environmental requirements and concerns of the global marketplace. Process control 3. Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe ISO 14001 + Public Reporting + Legal Compliance + Employees Participation + Performance improvement EMAS
  • 15. ISO 14001- EMAS (EC Regulation 1221/09) ISO 14001 International model, which has been used in Italy since 1996 as UNI EN ISO (UNI is the Italian Standards Organisation). This guideline shows its APPLICATION: Voluntary schemes for organisations willing to commit themselves to evaluating and improving their environmental performance Process control EMAS (EC Reg.1221/2009) The scheme, available to companies since 1995 (EEC Regulation No 1836/93) was originally restricted to companies in industrial sectors. EMAS has been open to all economic sectors including public and private services since 2001 (EC Regulation No 761/2001). In addition, EMAS was strengthened by the integration of ISO 14001 as the environmental management system required by EMAS. europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents/legislative_en.htm 3. Voluntary environmental auditing in Europe EMS Audit Performance indicators Communication ISO 14001 and 14004 ISO 19011 ISO 14031 ISO 14063
  • 16. YEAR 2006 4. Statistics of EMS implementation ISO 14001 IN THE WORLD: worldwide panorama of ISO 14001-certified organisations at the end of 2006.
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  • 19. Source: http://www.isprambiente.it/certificazioni/ 4. Statistics of EMS implementation Italy’s most important EMAS registered organizations EMAS in Italy Distribution of EMAS registered organisations/sites Sites Registrations
  • 20. 4. Statistics of EMS implementation Source: http://www.isprambiente.it/certificazioni/ Country: ITALY YEAR 2011 EMAS registered organisations - TOTAL By year Total
  • 21. 4. Statistics of EMS implementation EMAS registered organisations by type (private/public) and size Distribution of EMAS registered organisations by economic sector Government and Public activities 23% Country: ITALY YEAR 2011
  • 22. Participation is voluntary and extends to public or private organisations operating in the European Union and the European Economic Area (EEA) — Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway. Since 2001 EMAS has been open to all economic sectors including public and private services 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS EMAS Involved subjects:
  • 23. EMAS is strengthened by the integration of ISO 14001 as the environmental management system required by EMAS 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS EMAS ISO 14001
  • 24. Validation and Registration The environmental review, EMS, audit procedure and environmental statement must be approved by an accredited EMAS verifier and the validated environmental statement (ES) needs to be sent to the EMAS Competent Body for registration and made available to the public before an organisation can use the EMAS logo. The Eco-audit Eco-Label Committee for EMAS is a body of the Member State of EC nominated by the government. Organisations that have published the validated ES document are included in the Official European Registry www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas For Registration : ISPRA is the agency that collaborates with the Italian EMAS Committee to verify the environmental data and legal compliance declared in the ES VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 25. EMAS Audit Registration First Certification ISO 14001 Environmental Audit Validate Environmental Statement EMAS Committee Accredited ISO 14001 Verifier (eg. DNV, BVQI,…) Accredited Emas Verifier (e.g. DNV, BVQI, ...) Italian Environmental Protection Agency called ISPRA VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION Certification VS Registration 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 26. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE OF EMAS Registration: UP-TO-DATE Environmental Statements The registration lasts for 3 YEARS. During the 3 years, there are 2 validation steps of updated ES made by the Committee. The registration needs to be renewed every 3 years. VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS 0 1 st full validation - Registration I° 0 – Registration renewal 3 rd validation of updated ES III° 2 nd validation of updated ES II°
  • 27. The attractive EMAS logo used by organisations to show EMAS registration aims to give added value to the organisation by improving its public image. EMAS logo VALIDATION AND REGISTRATION
  • 28. EMAS ISPRA National Environmental Agency (public) FIRMS : SCHEDULED CONTROLS every 3 years OBLIGATORY CONTROLS National and Regional laws (e.g.: emissions limits, waste disposal,…). Authorisations given by governmental organisations (Provinces, Regions, State) FIRMS must respect the law and obtain the necessaries authorisations. RANDOM CONTROLS Controls made by ARPA (Regional Environmental Agencies), NOE (environmental police), GUARDIA DI FINANZA (financial police), etc.. EMAS accredited VERIFIER (private). In Italy: 10 organisations (e.g. DNV, Certiquality, …) approves technical support Ecoaudit-Ecolabel State Committee : 14 members (representatives of Environment, Industry, Health and Treasury Ministries) EMAS section : 7 members
  • 29. annex I, EC 1221/2009 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents.htm The environmental review shall cover the following areas: (1) Identification of the applicable legal requirements relating to the environment (2) Identification of all direct and indirect environmental aspects with a significant impact on the environment Initial environmental review 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 30. (3) a description of the criteria for assessing the significance of the environmental impact (4) an examination of all existing environmental management practices and procedures (5) an evaluation of feedback from the investigation of previous incidents Initial environmental review 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 31. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS DIRECT annex I Activities over which organisations can be expected to have an influence (eg. public administration organisations, banks etc.) INDIRECT: annex I IER: Environmental Aspects 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Activities over which organisations have direct control (eg. Industrial companies ) (a) emissions to air; (b) releases to water; (c) waste management, particularly hazardous wastes (d) use and contamination of land (e) use of natural resources & raw materials (f) use of additives and auxiliaries as well as semi-manufactured goods (g) local issues (g) transport issues (h) risks of environmental accidents (i) effects on biodiversity. (a) product life cycle related issues; (b) capital investments, granting loans and insurance services; (c) new markets; (d) choice and composition of services; (e) administrative & planning decisions; (f) product range compositions; (g) the environmental performance and practices of contractors, subcontractors and suppliers.
  • 32. Criteria for assessing the significance of an organisation’s environmental aspects (a) information about the activities, products and services of the organisation that may have an environmental impact; (b) the organisation’s existing data on material and energy inputs, discharges, wastes and emissions in terms of risk; (c) views of interested parties (public citizens, etc.) (d) the regulated environmental activities of the organisation ( legal compliance ) (e) procurement activities (f) design, development, manufacturing, distribution, servicing, use, re-use, recycling and disposal of the organisation’s products ; (g) those activities of the organisation with the most significant environmental costs , and environmental benefits. Initial environmental review 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 33. Case studies showing how EMAS Environmental Initial Review is applied In a public administration organisation In a private organisation Example of an Environmental Aspect: WASTE MANAGEMENT 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS
  • 34. Italian law on waste: DLgs 152/2006 European Regulations on waste: a) 2008/98/CE waste management b) 2008/33/CE RAEE c) 91/689/CEE dangerous waste d) 94/62/CE packaging waste & general packaging Other waste regulations apply in private organisations (industrial waste): on-site collection, waste storage and waste elimination (eg. storage of dangerous waste cannot exceed 10 cubic metres without authorization) Public administration organisations have to achieve 50% waste differentiation by 2020 Initial environmental review 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Public administration organisation Private organisation
  • 35. Direct aspects of waste storage Indirect aspects of waste pick-up service + + Initial environmental review 5. Implementing environmental auditing: EMAS Public administration organisation Private organisation
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  • 37. COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION of 10 July 2003 Guidance for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 (EMAS) concerning the selection and use of environmental performance indicators (now integrated in the new EMAS Regulation) The three types of indicators in Europe are: CHECK: Monitoring and Measurement of INDICATORS
  • 38. Operational performance indicators (OPIs) : These concentrate on the aspects associated with an organisation's operations including activities, products or services and can cover such topics as emissions, product and raw material recycling, fuel consumption of vehicle fleet, or energy usage. Example: Waste indicator % recycling waste Kg per tonnes of product 6. EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration organisation Private organisation
  • 39. Management Performance Indicators (MPIs) : These concentrate on the efforts of management to provide the infrastructure for environmental management to succeed and can, among others, cover environmental programmes, objectives and targets, training, incentive schemes, audit frequency, site inspections, administration and community relations. Example: Eg. The number of hours spent on training operators Number of objectives obtained Percentage of land planned to remain as or become natural habitat or green areas (per year) 6. EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration Private organisation
  • 40. Environmental Condition Indicators (ECIs) : These give information on the quality of the environment surrounding the organisation or the local, regional or global state of the environment. Examples include the water quality of a nearby lake, the regional air quality, concentrations of greenhouse gases or the concentration of certain pollutants in the soil. Number of new public waste storage areas The % of waste differentiation obtained Quality of a river near the waste storage of an organisation The % of recycled waste compared to the % of eliminated waste Example: 6. EMAS: environmental indicators Public administration organisation Private organisation
  • 41. ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement annex IV, EC 1221/2009 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/emas/documents.htm The data generated by an environmental management system will be used in a number of different ways to show the environmental performance of an organisation. For this purpose organisations may use relevant existing environmental performance indicators .
  • 42. Here are some of the requirements specified in Annex IV, point B To give a clear understanding of the organisation and its activities , products and services . INTENT • maps and diagrams; • annotated aerial photographs; • flow diagrams; • classification (i.e. the NACE code) of the organisation; • name of contact person (if applicable). GOOD PRACTICE 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement
  • 43. To present the organisation’s policy commitments and outline how these are implemented throughout the organisation. INTENT • include the environmental policy , and possibly an introduction letter, signed by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO); • include an organisational chart with contacts for the environmental representative; • include a diagram showing the EMS structure; • comment on any major changes in environmental policy or management system. GOOD IDEAS To give an overall picture of the organisation’s significant environmental aspects and to explain the environmental consequences of its activities , products and services . INTENT 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement
  • 44. relate the environmental impacts of the organisation’s activities to the inputs and outputs of its operations in an ‘environmental balance sheet’ : EXAMPLE 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement
  • 45. To present data on the environmental performance of the organisation and its progress in achieving its objectives and targets. Also to show how the organisation’s environmental performance is changing over time. INTENT Emission of CO2 in relation to targets and legal provisions: EXAMPLE 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement
  • 46. Example: Environmental Statement by Kroll (cosmetic company): INTRODUCTION 3 Energy compartment 16 INFORMATION ABOUT THE FACTORY 4 Substance compartment 16 HISTORY ABOUT ORGANIZATION 4 Ground compartment 16 TERRITORY 4 Waste material compartment 16 CLIMATE 7 Noise compartment 17 PRODUCTIVE FLOW 8 POLITICS 18 RAW MATERIALS 8 TARGET OBTEINED IN THE YEAR 2011 19 MIXERING 9 ESTABILISHED TARGET IN 2008-2011 23 WARM PROCESS 9 ENVIRONMENTAL DUTY & RESPONSABILITY 25 COLD PRECESS 9 PROFESSIONAL TRAINING 25 PACKAGING 9 OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT & CONTROL 25 STOREHOUSE 9 SGI DOCUMENTATION 26 DISTRIBUTION 9 ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE 2001 28 QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY (R&D) 9 Entry data 29 WASTE MATERIAL STOREHOUSE 10 Exit data 33 PRODUCT 10 GLOSSARY 35 LEGISLATIVE REGISTRY 13 Technical glossary and conclusion 38 ANALISYS ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL POINT 14 Approval declaration 38 Water compartment 14 Air compartment 14 Energy compartment 14 Substance compartment 14 Ground compartment 14 Waste material compartment 15 Noise compartment 15 ANALISYS INDIRECT POINT 15 Recovery products 15 Search products at less environmental impact 15 ENVIRONMENTAL POINT NOT CONSIDERABLE 15 ANALISYS SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 16 Water compartment 16 Air compartment 16 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 7. EMAS: Environmental Statement
  • 47. Environmental Management System (EMS) implementation in the industrial sector The example of: SCORZE’ PLANT (Italy) A certified site based on UNI EN ISO 14001:2004
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  • 54. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND OBJECTIVES ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT WORKFLOW
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  • 57. ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Water consumption per liter of product Weekly monitoring + Target
  • 58. ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Waste water production per liter of product Weekly monitoring + Target
  • 59. ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Frequency of shipping vehicles VS environmental class of engine calculating, monitoring and tracking CO2 emissions internally and across the trading partners
  • 60. TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Indicators have been targeted through the years coherently with the Organization’s commitments… … with encouraging results! Objective Reduction of specific consumption of water Intervention Reduction of washing time and optimization of washing equipment Expected results Water: < 3,9 lt/lt product (2009) < 3,6 lt/lt product (2010) Investment Internal resources Results obtained Water: 3,604 lt/lt product (2009)  3,22 lt/lt product (2010) 
  • 61. TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Indicators have been targeted through the years coherently with the Organization’s commitments… … with encouraging results! Objective Reduction of specific consumption of energy Intervention Turning off machines when not in use (industrial equipment, computers, lights, etc.), timing air conditioning, LED technology for external lighting Expected results Power: < 0,131 kWh/lt product (2010) Investment Internal resources Results obtained 0,119 kWh/lt product (2010) 
  • 62. TARGETING INDICATORS   ISO 14001 OF SCORZE’ PLANT Objectives for the future: Objective Reduction of specific consumption of water Intervention Purchase of CO2 compensation quotas from sustainable forestry Expected results Compensation of part of the CO2 emissions due to shipping of products Investment To be defined Objective Reduction of specific consumption of energy Intervention Completion of CO2 tracking database Actions on trading partners for providing cleaner vehicles Choice of more virtuous partners Expected results CO2 emissions: -3 % CO2 emission (referred to 2010) Investment Internal resources
  • 63. Example: the ISO 14001 certification of a Public Administration 8. Case history: city of Venice
  • 64. 8. Case history: city of Venice EMS PLANNING INITIAL ENVIROMENTAL ANALYSIS EMS IMPLEMENTATION ISO 14001 CERTIFICATION The way to certification… AUDIT/TRAINING/ MANAGEMENT REVIEW AUDIT/TRAINING/ MANAGEMENT REVIEW CERTIFICATION AUDIT
  • 65. Deming Cicle in ISO 14001 scheme: 8. Case history: city of Venice
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  • 68. Environmental management activities DIRECTLY carried out: Traffic Management and Mobility Spatial Planning Issuing discharge authorizations Maintaining roads and signage Design and construction of public works Urban surveillance activities Property management, municipal buildings and sports facilities 8. Case history: city of Venice
  • 69. Maintenance equipment Maintenance cemeteries Management of waste collection Management of water resources Public lighting Maintenance public green Environmental management activities INDIRECTLY carried out: School bus transportation Disinfest and rodent control 8. Case history: city of Venice
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  • 72. OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS (point 4.3.3) – Part 2 Obtaining funding for regional projects of characterization / remediation of contaminated sites Increase the waste collection at the 65% Production of energy from the waves in the lagoon Etc…Etc…Etc.. 8. Case history: city of Venice
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  • 83. Thank you for your attention www.eambiente.it Facebook.com/eAmbiente