The document discusses Grail, a React-based framework for building isomorphic JavaScript applications. It describes the key components of an isomorphic app as rendering, routing, business logic, and resources. Isomorphic apps can run the same code on both the server and client for performance, maintainability, and testability benefits over single-page apps. Existing isomorphic solutions include Meteor.js, Rendr, and Derby. The document provides examples of isomorphic rendering, routing, and business logic and notes differences between implementing these components on the client versus server. It highlights a TodoMVC demo built with Grail.