The document discusses pollution caused by the garment industry in Bangladesh. It identifies three main types of pollution: water, air, and land pollution. Water pollution occurs when untreated wastewater from garment factories is disposed of in water bodies, contaminating the water with chemicals. Air pollution results from emissions from boilers, generators and other equipment used in factories. Land pollution happens from pesticides and fertilizers used in cotton farming as well as hazardous solid waste disposed of on land. The garment industry is a major contributor to environmental degradation through pollution if not properly managed and regulated.

1. BGMEA University of Fashion &Technology
Course code: Basic science
Course code: CHEM1101
Assignment
On
Environment Pollution Caused By Garments Industries
Submitted To
Dr. S.M. Abu Raihan
Lecturer ,Dept. of AMM
BGMEA University Of Fashion and Tecnology
Submitted By:
Name: Naeem Rahman Emon
Student ID: 182-068-111
Department of AMM
Department of Apparel Merchandising and Management (AMM)
BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology(BUFT)
6 January, 2018

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUTION
 TYPES OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY GARMENTS
1. WATER
2. AIR
3. LAND
 CONCLUTION
 REFERENCE

3. INTODUCTION
The garments industries are playing an important role in Bangladesh’s economy
for a long time which comprises a mix of small to large-scale privately and
publicly owned companies. Currently, the garments industry in Bangladesh
accounts for 45 percent of all industrial employment and contributes 5 percent to
the total national income. The industry employs nearly 4 million people, mostly
woman. A huge 78 percent of the country’s export earnings come from garments
and apparel, according to the latest figures available. Bangladesh exports its
apparel products worth nearly $8 billion per year to the United States, European
Union (EU), Canadaand other countries ofthe world. It is the sixth largest apparel
supplier to the United States and EU countries. Previously, the domestic market
was dependent upon imported goods; now the local industry meets over 90 per
cent of domestic demand for ready-made garments. Despite the significant
economic contribution ofthe textile industries in Bangladesh, it has brought with
it a range of environmental problems, mostly pollution of water resources of the
country. Although the concerned authorities have identified these industrial units
and legal procedures have been initiated against them, the scenario of industrial
pollution has not improved yet. Recent reports in the national dailies on increased
industrial pollution reflects that many ecosystems have already been degraded,
some are now under threat, and the livelihoods of tens of thousands of people
mostly the local farmers and the fishermen are being affected as wastes and
effluents from textile industries are dumped in crop lands and water bodies. Let’s
have a journey downthe pipelines to the ditches, which will strengthen ourefforts
to resolve this situation in the most effective way
 TYPES OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY GARMENTS
1. Water pollution.
2. Air pollution.
3. Land pollution.

4. WATER POLLUTION
The garments industry uses millions of gallons of water everyday. The problem
does not rest in the high usage, though! The waste is not treated to remove
pollutants from it before it is disposed to water bodies. The waste water usually
contains PBDEs, phthalates, organochlorines, lead, and many other chemicals
that cause severe health problems and diseases in human beings.
Picture: water pollution
The liquid effluents released by the textile industry are the most disturbing area
ofconcern. This is becausethe toxic material released through liquid waste is vast
in quantity. It consists ofchemicals such as formaldehyde (HCHO), chlorine, and
heavy metals. Besides, it is disposed into water bodies that reach far away areas
and is consumed by a large number of people for drinking or for daily activities.
They need to be treated to reduce their toxic content before being released into
water bodies.

5. AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution caused by the textile industry is also a major cause of concern.
Boilers, thermo pack, and diesel generators produce pollutants that are released
into the air. The pollutants generated include Suspended Particulate Matter
(SPM), sulphur di oxide gas, oxide of nitrogen gas, etc. The nearby areas with
human population get affected adversely owing to the release oftoxic gas into the
atmosphere.
PICTURE: Air Pollution
It has become utterly necessary to reduce the pollutants emitted by the textile
industry. Contamination of the air, water, and land by textile industries and its
raw material manufacturing units has becomea serious threat to the environment.
It has endangered the life of human beings and various other species on Earth.
Global warming is a direct result of the pollutants released by such industries. It
also causes harmful diseases and health issues in people getting exposed to the
pollutants in the long run.

6. LAND POLLUTION
The use of organic raw material can help in fighting the emission of pollutants by
the textile units. Organic cottonis especially beneficial as the productionofcotton
asks for the maximum amount of pesticides and fertilizers. Besides, the waste
generated from textile manufacturing plants should be processed in a manner that
it is free from toxic chemicals before it is disposed. Environment friendly
methods of cultivation and manufacture should be resorted to.
Picture: LAND POLLUTION
Surveys showthat cottonconsumes thehighest amount of harmful pesticides and
fertilizers. Majority of them fall on land while they are sprinkled on the crop.
Similarly, textile manufacturing units release hazardous waste into the nearby
land.
A study was conducted to test the amount of metals present in soil and
groundwater located near to the textile and tannery industries in Haridwar, India.
Results indicated all the metals like Chromium, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Lead,
and Cadmium were present in amounts larger than that prescribed as safe by
World Health Organization (WHO). They can cause many problems in living
beings.

7. CONCLUTION
There is no doubt to the fact that the textile industry releases harmful pollutants
into the atmosphere in large quantities. It is agreed all over the world that textile
industry is one of the most pollutants emitting industries of the world. Almost
2000 different types of chemicals are used in this industry. It consumes as well
as contaminates fresh water. There is a need to take actions in this direction,
urgently.
References:
1. Zeugmatextile.com
2. Sciencepub.net
3. Rrcap.unep.org
4. Oecotextiles.wordpress.com
5. Rpcb.com