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‫الکترونیکی‬ ‫کار‬ ‫و‬ ‫کسب‬ ‫های‬ ‫مدل‬ ‫انواع‬
‫کننده‬ ‫تهیه‬:‫محمدی‬ ‫عرفان‬
‫س‬‫ر‬‫د‬:‫الکترونیکی‬ ‫یابی‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ز‬‫با‬
‫آفرینی‬‫ر‬‫کا‬ ‫دانشکده‬
‫بهمن‬1393
E_Mohamadi@ut.ac.ir
Emkt.blogfa.com
‫طبق‬‫تعریف‬‫ز‬‫تیمر‬(1998)‫مدل‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫ساختار‬‫و‬‫ی‬‫معمار‬‫ل‬‫محصو‬‫و‬‫جریان‬‫خدمات‬‫و‬‫اطالعات‬
‫ا‬‫ر‬‫نشان‬‫می‬‫دهد‬‫که‬‫شامل‬‫شرحی‬‫بر‬‫عوامل‬‫مختلف‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫و‬‫نقش‬‫آن‬،‫ها‬‫شرحی‬‫بر‬‫منافع‬‫ب‬‫القوه‬
‫عوامل‬‫مختلف‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫و‬‫همچنین‬‫منابع‬‫آمدی‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫است‬.
‫مدل‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫یک‬‫منطق‬‫ی‬‫ابتکار‬‫است‬‫که‬‫پتانسیل‬‫فنی‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫با‬‫تحقق‬‫ش‬‫ز‬‫ار‬‫آمدی‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫مرتب‬‫ط‬‫می‬
‫کند‬(chesbrough & Rosenbloom, 2002).
‫الکترونیکی‬ ‫کار‬‫و‬‫کسب‬ ‫مدل‬
‫یف‬‫ر‬‫تعا‬
•‫اپا‬‫ر‬(2005)‫بیان‬‫می‬‫کند‬:‫مدل‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫ه‬‫ر‬‫با‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫چگونگی‬‫ایجاد‬‫آمد‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫توسط‬‫شرکت‬‫صح‬‫بت‬
‫می‬‫کند‬.
•‫طبق‬‫یف‬‫ر‬‫تع‬(،‫کاسادئوس‬‫ت‬‫ر‬‫یکا‬‫ر‬‫و‬،‫تیث‬2010)‫مدل‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫تابی‬‫ز‬‫با‬‫از‬‫ی‬‫اتژ‬‫ر‬‫است‬‫تحقق‬‫یاف‬‫ته‬
‫شرکت‬‫است‬.‫مدل‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬،‫منطق‬‫داده‬‫ها‬‫و‬‫دیگر‬‫مدارکی‬‫که‬‫یک‬‫ش‬‫ز‬‫ار‬‫پیشنهادی‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ای‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ی‬‫مشتر‬
‫ها‬‫پیشتیبانی‬‫می‬‫کند‬‫و‬‫هم‬‫چنین‬‫یک‬‫ساختار‬‫بادوام‬‫از‬‫آمدها‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫و‬‫هزینه‬‫های‬‫ائه‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫این‬‫ش‬‫ز‬‫ار‬‫ها‬‫توسط‬
‫شرکت‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫بر‬‫می‬‫د‬‫ر‬‫شما‬.
‫طبق‬‫مدلی‬‫که‬‫اپا‬‫ر‬(2000)‫ائه‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫می‬‫کند‬‫انواع‬‫مدل‬‫های‬‫کسب‬‫و‬‫کار‬‫الکترونیکی‬‫ش‬‫امل‬
‫واسطه‬‫ی‬‫گر‬1،‫تبلیغات‬2،‫واسطه‬‫ی‬‫گر‬‫اطالعات‬3،‫گانی‬‫ر‬‫باز‬4،‫تولیدی‬5،‫وابسته‬6،
‫اجتماعی‬7،‫حق‬‫اک‬‫ر‬‫اشت‬8‫و‬‫بردی‬‫ر‬‫کا‬9‫می‬‫باشند‬.
‫اپا‬‫ر‬ ‫مدل‬(2000)
1. Brokerage
2. Advertising
3. Infomediary
4. Merchant
5. Manufacture
6. Affilate
7.Community
8. Subscription
9. Utility
‫واسطه‬‫ی‬‫گر‬(Brokerage Model):‫مدلی‬‫است‬‫که‬‫شندگان‬‫و‬‫فر‬
‫و‬‫ان‬‫ر‬‫خریدا‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫با‬‫هم‬‫مرتبط‬‫می‬‫کند‬‫و‬‫واسطه‬‫گر‬‫ی‬ ‫کس‬‫است‬‫که‬‫س‬‫ایت‬
‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ایجاد‬‫کرده‬‫و‬‫اکنش‬‫ر‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ممکن‬‫ساخته‬‫و‬‫بابت‬‫این‬‫کار‬‫کمیسی‬‫ونی‬
‫یافت‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫می‬‫کند‬.‫که‬‫شامل‬‫های‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ز‬‫با‬،‫عمودی‬‫انجمن‬‫های‬‫ی‬‫تجار‬‫کس‬‫ب‬
‫و‬،‫کار‬‫خریدهای‬،‫هی‬‫و‬‫گر‬‫یع‬‫ز‬‫تو‬،‫کنندگان‬‫اکز‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫ی‬‫تجار‬‫ی‬‫مجاز‬‫و‬‫حر‬‫اجی‬
‫های‬‫اینترنتی‬‫است‬(Yessica Helgueros, 2012).
B2C & C2C Brookerage Model
B2B Brookerage Model
‫گانی‬‫ر‬‫باز‬(Merchant):‫عمده‬‫و‬‫خرده‬‫ی‬ ‫ش‬‫و‬‫فر‬‫های‬‫آنالین‬‫شرکت‬‫هایی‬‫هستند‬‫که‬‫محصوالت‬‫و‬
‫خدمات‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫از‬‫طریق‬‫نت‬‫ر‬‫اینت‬‫می‬‫شند‬‫و‬‫فر‬(Del Aguila, 2001).
Brick & Click
Pure Click
‫تولیدی‬(Manufacture):‫در‬‫این‬‫مدل‬‫تولید‬‫کننده‬‫مستقیما‬‫کاالی‬‫خود‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫به‬‫خریدار‬‫می‬‫فروشد‬‫و‬‫کانال‬‫ت‬‫وزیع‬
‫ا‬‫ر‬‫کوتاه‬‫تر‬‫می‬‫کند‬‫که‬‫این‬‫به‬‫سود‬‫هر‬‫دو‬‫طرف‬‫است‬(Yessica Helgueros, 2012).
‫تبلیغات‬(Advertising):‫وب‬‫سایتی‬‫است‬‫که‬‫کاالها‬‫و‬‫خدمات‬‫ان‬‫ر‬‫دیگ‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ن‬‫بدو‬‫انجام‬
‫اکنش‬‫ر‬‫ت‬‫نشان‬‫می‬‫دهد‬.‫مثل‬‫پنل‬‫های‬‫سال‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ایمیل‬،‫انبوه‬‫پیامک‬‫های‬‫هی‬‫و‬‫گر‬‫و‬‫بنر‬‫های‬
‫تبلیغاتی‬‫و‬...‫است‬.
‫تنها‬‫منبع‬‫آمد‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫وب‬‫سایت‬‫های‬‫تولید‬
،‫محتوا‬‫بنرهایی‬‫است‬‫که‬‫در‬‫سایت‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ق‬‫ر‬‫می‬
‫دهند‬.
‫واسطه‬‫ی‬‫گر‬‫اطالعات‬(Infomediary):‫اطالعات‬‫در‬‫د‬‫ر‬‫مو‬
‫مشتریان‬‫و‬‫عادات‬‫مصرفی‬‫آن‬‫ها‬‫شمند‬‫ز‬‫ار‬،‫است‬‫بویژه‬
‫اطالعات‬‫آنالیز‬‫شده‬.‫اطالعات‬‫مشتریان‬‫و‬‫ش‬‫و‬‫ر‬‫های‬‫مصرف‬‫آن‬
‫ها‬‫توسط‬‫این‬‫سایت‬‫ها‬‫جمع‬،‫ی‬‫ر‬‫آو‬‫تحلیل‬‫و‬‫خته‬‫و‬‫فر‬‫می‬‫ش‬‫ود‬.
‫وابسته‬(Affiliate):‫فرصت‬‫های‬‫خرید‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫در‬‫هر‬‫جایی‬‫که‬‫ممکن‬‫است‬
‫اد‬‫ر‬‫اف‬‫در‬‫حال‬‫وبگردی‬‫باشند‬‫اهم‬‫ر‬‫ف‬‫می‬‫کنند‬‫و‬‫صدی‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫از‬‫آمد‬‫ر‬‫د‬‫به‬‫آن‬‫ه‬‫ا‬
‫تعلق‬‫می‬‫گیرد‬.‫مانند‬‫پرداخت‬‫به‬‫ای‬‫ز‬‫ا‬‫هر‬‫کلیک‬.
‫اجتماعی‬(Community):‫گروهی‬‫با‬‫عالیق‬‫و‬‫های‬‫ز‬‫نیا‬‫مشترک‬‫گرد‬‫آمده‬‫و‬‫اطالعات‬
‫مربوط‬‫به‬‫قیمت‬‫و‬‫کیفیت‬‫کاال‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫مبادله‬‫می‬‫کنند‬.
‫بردی‬‫ر‬‫کا‬(Utility):‫پرداخت‬‫در‬‫کمترین‬‫مان‬‫ز‬‫ممکن‬.
Ransom Model
‫حق‬‫اک‬‫ر‬‫اشت‬(Subscription):‫خواست‬‫ر‬‫د‬
‫ل‬‫پو‬‫از‬‫ان‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ر‬‫کا‬‫ای‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ی‬ ‫دسترس‬‫به‬‫سایت‬‫یا‬‫د‬‫ی‬ ‫سترس‬
‫بیشتر‬‫به‬‫سایت‬.

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e business model مدل کسب و کار الکترونیکی