This document analyzes the socioeconomic determinants of fertility in Ethiopia using data from the 2005 Demographic and Health Survey. It finds that higher levels of education, urban residence, participation in the labor force, and higher economic status are associated with lower fertility. In contrast, higher child mortality is correlated with increased fertility. The results suggest that as Ethiopia develops economically and socially, its total fertility rate will continue declining through factors like increased education, women's empowerment, and access to family planning resources.