Adobe Max 2007 - Advanced Video Encoding

Barcelona, October 16, 2007

MAX 2007
CONNECT. DISCOVER. INSPIRE.

Giovanni Antico
AdobeGuru | Italy
http://labs.gantico.com/archive/2007/adobemax/

1
2007 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

Intro

start with good plan, shooting, editing & postproduction


choose appropriate codec, encoder and workflow


search the best compromise between:


your content: image & audio quality (compression), smooth

motion (fps), resolution (image size)
your target: constrains of bandwidth and processing power.


2

What’s new in Moviestar?

Acceleration New Codecs
Full screen mode with hardware scaling H.264 video
 

Multi-core support for vector rendering HE-AAC audio
 

VP6-S video


For details on all the new features: http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/flashplayer9/
3

Video codecs supported by Flash Player

Flash Player
Codec Alpha +
cue points
Version Ubiquity

not yet
H.264 9,0,64
1%**
(Moviestar)
VP6-S yes
9 93.7%*
VP6-E Yes
8 98.2%*
7 99.2%*
Spark No
6 99.2%*

** = Unofficial data just based upon server logs in September:
http://www.jeroenwijering.com/?item=FLV_Video_Compression

* = Data registered in September 2007: http://www.adobe.com/products/player_census/flashplayer/version_penetration.html
4

H.264 & AAC in Flash Player

Supported:
Base, Mainline, High and High-10

profiles (ISO 14496-10 standard)
In other words: ipod and podcast

video (mp4, mov)
AAC support ISO 14496-3 standard.

(Default for iPod and PS3)

Not supported:
H.264 & AAC protected with

Fairplay DRM
Mpeg-4 Part 2 (Xvid, Divx)


H.263, Sorenson 3


5

H.264 advantages

Immediate:
Very high quality and efficiency


Port existing .m4a podcast to Flash


MPEG-4 is an industry standard


Many encoders available


Future:
HW acceleration by graphic cards


HW encoders (more then real-time)


Digital TV adopting H.264


6

H.264 Comparison
Original 380 Mb 96% - 28,4 Mb 50% - 3,18Mb 0% - 0.50 Mb

Slices of videos compressed with QuickTime Pro Export to H.264 with quality set at 96%, 50%, 0%
7

VP6-S

quot;With the addition to VP6-S in

Moviestar, we are providing our
customers more options to provide
high-resolution, full-screen video to
millions of viewers worldwide,quot; said
Jen Taylor, group product manager
for Flash at Adobe.

“VP6-E video remains the

recommended format for […] video
delivered at or below 500Kbps, and
VP6-S is recommended to achieving
higher resolutions ….”

*Source: www.on2.com/company/news-room/press-releases/?id=421
8

VP6 vs H.264 in Flash Moviestar

VP6 + H264 +
Diffusion / Compatibility
 Acceleration by graphic cards

Alpha support
 High quality

Supported in Flash Lite 3

Existing content already in H.264

Existing media library for Flash

Huge library ready (podcast + DVD)

Low power utilization

More encoders available

Cue Points


VP6 - H.264 -
“Blockiness” (better in VP6-S?) “Smoothiness”
 

Fewer encoders available (VP6-S only with More processor intensive
 
On2 Flix)
licensing determined by MPEG-LA


No cue points & alpha yet


9

Video standards

* =Illustration from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Vector_Video_Standards2.png
10

Video standards

32x
HD 1080p
1920 x 1080
SXGA
1280 x 1024
XGA
1024 x 768

16x
HD 720p
PAL 1280 x 720
720 x 576

HD 480p
854 x 480
4x
Web L
640 x 360

1x
Web S
320 x 180

Spark
VP6 VP6-S
H.264

11

Encoding workflow

1 Acquire 2 Edit 3 Encode 4 Decode

Adobe Media Encoder

Flash Video Encoder

Flash Media Encoder

12

Shooting

Tripod to reduce camera

movement
Good Lighting


Best camera possible


Moving subjects under control


Moderate use of zoom and camera

movements
On-location: check video signal


Ultra: check chromakey


13

Editing and Post-producing

Select the best scenes


Moderate use of transitions


De-interlace


Reduce video noise


Remove audio noise


Stabilize motion


Resize / remove borders


14

Encoding

(Analyze video)
1.

Determine bandwith target
2.

Choose target data rate and player
3.

Choose codec and encoder
4.

Choose video dimensions
5.

Choose frame rate
6.

Set key frame interval
7.

Set cue points (if needed)
8.

Set audio compression
9.

Alpha channel settings (if needed)
10.

points inspired by : http://www.flashconnections.com/?p=35
15

Separating Rendering from Encoding?

Editing Rendering Encoding

A
Format 1
Video high quality
Render encoded:
Render each time a new
encoding is required

B Format 1
Render and encode:
Format 2
render once and encode
Video high quality Video high quality
later in multiple formats
Format 3

Format 4
…
Format N.

16

Video formats for Editing

1) Uncompressed formats 2) Lossless compression
Avi or Mov uncompressed QT: Animation codec 100%
 

Tiff, Targa, PSD sequence Tiff sequence with LZW
 

3) Perceptively loss-less 4) Lossy
compression PAL / NTSC: DV

QT: Motion Jpg or Photo Jpg
 Mpeg, all families

Jpg sequence
 FLV


17

Tips & Tricks

Rename .mov and .mp4 in .flv
1.

In QuikTime always set prepare for
2.
streaming
Test and fine tune encoding settings
3.
on few seconds selection
Force key frame with cue point
4.

Render once, encode in multiple
5.
formats
Animation codec at 100% = lossless!
6.

Deinterlace not necessary if reducing
7.
the height to half size or smaller
If clients give you DVD-Video and
8.
they are the only available source
just rename .vob in .mpg and open
it in Premiere.

18

Tricky concepts

1) codec vs containers 2) Frame rate vs keyframe
Codec = H.264, MP3, ACC, VP6… FPS = frames per seconds
 

Container = FLV, MOV, M4V, MP4V,

3GP, 3G
Keyframe = full uncompressed

image used as reference by codec
Keyframe interval = frames

between keyframes

3) Frame size vs file size
Frames size = pixel dimension of a

single frame
File size = KB or MB dimension of the

video file on your disk

19

Creating FLVs – Adobe Software

Flash Professional CS3

Direct import into Flash CS3

(deprecated)
Flash Video Encoder (standalone)


Flash Video Exporter - Plug-in to

enable FLV output from external
encoding tools

CS3 Production Premium

Premier Pro CS3


After Effects CS3 Professional


20

Web frame resolution: Standard ratios

4/3 16/9 2.35/1

320 x 240 320 x 180 320 x 136
Web Small   

480 x 360 480 x 272 480 x 204
Web Medium   

640 x 480 640 x 360 640 x 272
Web Large   

Film
wide
standard

Settings from the article “Best Practices for Encoding Video with the VP6 Codec”: http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/encoding_video.html
21

Recommended with VP6 Codec & Low-Motion Video

Total Video Bit Audio Keyframe
Frame size Frame Rate
Bit Rate Interval
Rate Bit Rate

Modem –
24K 16K mono 160 x 120 30/25 fps 8 sec.
40K
Streaming

Modem –
34K 16K mono 160 x 120 30/25 fps 8 sec.
50K
Progressive

68K 32K mono 240 x 180 30/25 fps 8 sec.
100K
Small

132K 48K mono 320 x 240 30/25 fps 8 sec.
180K
Medium

286K 64K mono 480 x 360 30/25 fps 8 sec.
350K
Large

504K 96K stereo 640 x 480 30/25 fps 8 sec.
600K
X-Large

22

Recommended with VP6 Codec & High-Motion Video

Total Video Bit Audio Frame size Frame Rate Keyframe
Bit Rate Interval
Rate Bit Rate

Modem –
24K 16K mono 160 x 120 30/24 fps 8 sec.
40K
Streaming

Modem –
64K 16K mono 160 x 120 30/24 fps 8 sec.
80K
Progressive

188K 32K mono 240 x 180 30/24 fps 8 sec.
220K
Small

336K 64K mono 320 x 240 30/24 fps 8 sec.
400K
Medium

754K 96K mono 480 x 360 30/24 fps 8 sec.
850K
Large

1304K 96K stereo 640 x 480 30/24 fps 8 sec.
1400K
X-Large

23

Creating FLVs – Third Party Software

Desktop tools:

Flix from On2

Squeeze from Sorenson

ProCoder from Canopus

Cleaner from Autodesk


Server solutions

Carbon Coder from Rhozet

Agility from Anystream

FlipFactory from Telestream


Hardware solutions

Digital Rapids

ViewCast


SDKs

On2 (for VP6 video)

Ffmpeg.org (for Spark video)


24

Sorenson Squeeze 4.5

Software: http://www.sorensonmedia.com/pages/?pageID=2
25

Sorenson Squeeze 4.5

Software: http://www.sorensonmedia.com/pages/?pageID=2
26

On2 Technologies Flix Pro

Software: http://www.on2.com/products/flix/
27

On2 Technologies Flix Pro

Software: http://www.on2.com/products/flix/
28

Devnet Links

Flash video learning guide

www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/video_guide.html

Best Practices for Encoding Video with the VP6 Codec

www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/articles/encoding_video.html

Exploring Flash Player support for high-definition H.264 video and AAC audio

www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/hd_video_flash_player.html

29

Adobe Labs Links

Adobe Labs - Flash Player 9 Update Full-Screen Mode Demo

http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/flashplayer9/fullscreendemo/

Wiki - Flash Player:9:Update:Full-Screen Mode HW

http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Flash_Player:9:Update:Full-Screen_Mode_HW

Wiki - Flash Player:9:Update:H.264

http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Flash_Player:9:Update:H.264

30

Blog Links

What just happened to video on the web?

www.kaourantin.net/2007/08/what-just-happened-to-video-on-web_20.html

Advanced Video Encoding session at Adobe Max USA 2007

http://www.flashconnections.com/?p=35

Player used for demos

http://www.jeroenwijering.com

31

THANK YOU ALL!
http://labs.gantico.com/archive/2007/adobemax/

Special thanks to:
 Adobe and Adobe Max team
 Adobe Italia (most of all Andrea Amadeo &
Matteo Oriani)
 Claudia Castaldi for studio shooting
 Masato Furusawa for 3D illustration
 Lisa Larson-Kelley for having shared her
presentation on her blog

32

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