Essay On Manage Personal Work Priorities And Professional...

Essay on Manage Personal Work Priorities and Professional...
Assessment tool 2 (AT2): Written/oral questions
Students should answer the following questions in writing. 1. Good Managers know which tasks
contribute to their personal effectiveness and thus the organisations success. What role does
planning play in ensuring they achieve them?
Planning allows management to identify the goals and milestones required to produce outcomes that
align to the objectives of the organisation. It also allows for commitment to timeframes when
identifying objectives and milestones, identifies those members of the team responsible for
achieving specific tasks and it also assists with task prioritisation. 2. Does technology help or hinder
us in managing work/life balance?
Technology enables us to create ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
5. What feedback might you receive from an external supplier – in contrast to the feedback you
might expect from a member of your workgroup? What will influence the quality and how will the
feedback from these sources be related to an assessment of your skills gap?
Feedback from these sources can be used to assess performance and to indicate skills gaps or
training requirements. Feedback from external clients or customers might indicate a need for
customer service training. Feedback from your peers might indicate a need for conflict management,
or negotiation training. Specific technological skills needs might be pinpointed. The quality is
influenced by the way you engage with the person providing the feedback. You should accept that
feedback is likely to be honest and not react defensively otherwise the person providing the
feedback will become disinterested and the quality will deteriorate. Any shortcomings in skills will
easily be identified when someone provides opinion on how you might have handled a situation or
opportunity better. 6. Why is it important for you to take responsibility for your own work tasks and
ensure that you are getting feedback to fulfil your role?
Taking ownership of work tasks allows an individual to become accountable for their activities in
the workplace. It provides a person with an opportunity to conduct assessment of performance
against a set of tasks for which the person has accepted responsibility. This makes
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The Pareto Principle
Pareto's Principle – 5 Implications For Online Businesses The Pareto Principle applies to a variety
of economic and business situations and states that roughly 80% of the outputs are directly
attributable to only 20% of the inputs. This concept is also frequently referred to as the "80/20
Principle" or the "Law of the Vital Few."
The Pareto Principle is named for Italian economist, Vilfredo Federico Damaso Pareto who, in 1906,
discovered that 80% of the land in Italy was owned by only 20% of the people. Later he recognized
that same lop–sided relationship applied to other things as well (e.g., gardening).
Note that the 80% and 20% are not absolute values; rather, it is simply the unequal distribution that
is significant.
1. Individual Considerations:
The Pareto Principle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Website Considerations:
Distribution is about getting the products to the customer, and in an online world, much of that
distribution happens via one or more of your websites.
Identify Your Critical 20% Websites
20% of websites account for 80% of the hits.
Determine Critical Traffic Patterns
Roughly 80% of your visitors see only 20% of your website pages. (This stat holds true for both
B2B and B2C, but may not hold true for pure content sites.)
Check Your Web Traffic Logs
You'll find that a small number of keywords, search engines & websites give you the lion's share of
your traffic.
The Pareto Principle can provide guidance as you apply SEO to your pages and optimize traffic
patterns.
4. Management Implications:
Small companies, such as the bulk of internet businesses, drive the nation's economy. Your small

business will benefit if you understand how Pareto's Principle affects your results.
Evaluate Your Sales Force (Including

The Performance Of Employees Are Doing Good Work
efforts show that employees are doing good work, the supervisor should praise their performance.
Employees who are confident and satisfied are less likely to allow defects in goods or services. b)
Standard Setting and Enforcement If employees and others are to support the quality–control effort,
they must know exactly what is expected of them. This calls for quality standards. In many cases,
the supervisor is responsible for setting quality standards as well as for communicating and
enforcing them. These standards should have the characteristics of effective objectives: They should
be written, measurable, clear, specific, and challenging but achievable. Furthermore, those standards
should reflect what is important to the client. c) Using Control Chart Control chart is the most
populated quality tool. The main reasons of their popularity are [2]: i. A proven technique for
improving productivity. ii. Effective in defect prevention. iii. Prevent unnecessary process
adjustment. iv. Provide diagnostic information. v. Provide information about process capability. vi.
Problem Statement A spur gear manufacturing company in Khulna wants to test their quality and
productivity and wants to find the most effective way of their quality testing. Figure 2 : A spur gear
The following procedure of quality testing and improving productivity is given below:
VII. Seven basic Tools of tqm used in Industry If a product is to meet customer requirements,
generally it should be produced by

The Origin Of The Efficient Markets Hypothesis Essay
The origins of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH) can be traced back to the groundbreaking
progress of French mathematician Louis Bachelier (1900), who proposed the concept of random
walk as the fundamental model for financial asset prices. However at that moment the idea was not
widely accepted by other academics. Then Samuelson (1965) initiated the modern literature by
proving that asset prices in efficient markets fluctuate randomly, and only in response to new
information.
In 1960s, Efficient Markets Hypothesis was further developed by Paul A. Samuelson (1965) and
Eugene F. Fama(1970). In an efficient stock market, the price for any given stock effectively
represents the expected net present value of all future profits. Which means, according to the
efficient markets hypothesis (EMH), market prices can reflect all available information. After that,
the EMH theory becomes one of the pillars of modern financial economics theory.
Fama (1970) in a classic paper contributed a great deal to operationalize the concept of market
efficiency. Fama defines three types of efficiency, each of which is based on a different notion of
what type of information set is understood to be relevant in the phrase: "a market in which prices
'fully reflect' all available information is called 'efficient' ". (Dr Andros Gregoriou Lecture 1, EMH)
He surveyed the idea of an efficient capital market, and made this following famous definition: "A
market in which prices always 'fully reflect'

Job Satisfaction Quotient And Reward Systems Essay
Variety of Work, Challenge, Achievement, Recognition, Relationships, and Autonomy/Freedom.
The relative importance of these motivators would variety for each individual. Armed with these
motivators at the start of a project he invites team members to prioritise these factors using a
"paired–comparisons" table, since knowing individual's motivational drives helps him determine
appropriate work assignments and reward systems. To be more useful, once an individual priority of
needs (or hierarchy) has been determined, project team members are invited to assess the extent to
which their needs are being met to determine their job satisfaction quotient and what actions might
be appropriate to enhance their motivation levels. However, different things motivate different
people at different times. For example, pay is likely to be more significant when we have
dependants than when we are single, and so on.
7. Effectiveness and Efficiency. These two terms have different meanings, described in our textbook
"Management Foundations" (Bartol, Tein, Matthews, Sharma and Scott–Ladd, pg 12, 2011) thus:
"Effectiveness is the ability to choose appropriate goals and achieve them." So essentially, this
means doing the right things – heading in the right direction. Whereas, "Efficiency is the ability to
make the best use of available resources in goal achievement." So essentially the means doing the
things right – conserving resources. The two concepts are illustrated by the following

Questions On Benchmarking
1. Describe benchmarking and explain its role in quality management. Describe in detail how a
company can derive benefit from benchmarking? What are some of the quality management tools
commonly used in Benchmarking? (6 points)
Benchmarking is a process through which companies incorporate process modifications or standards
to emulate the performance of a 'benchmark' company or practice. A 'Benchmark' is anything which
has proved to be the best in terms of performance or quality. It can be a product, a service, a process,
a practice or any other aspect. Benchmarking is usually undertaken by assessing an aspect with the
best results and then integrating it into existing process to improve the performance and achieve best
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Increase the Rate of Organizational Learning: During the process of benchmarking, there are many
innovative ideas which can be expressed, and this helps to promote a healthy environment of
innovation and learning amongst the employees. It also facilitates sharing of experiences amongst
peers and seniors alike, which leads to an enhanced work environment.
Some of the most used Quality Management tools in Benchmarking are as follows;
1. Checklist: A Checklist, true to its name, enlists all the factors which constitute a benchmark.
(Hopen) 2. Pareto Chart: Arranges all categories in a descending order, i.e. from highest to lowest,
to signify which is of the highest frequency or priority. Pareto rule states that 80% of the issues are
usually caused by 20% of the factors and if these are correctly identified and remedied, then most of
the issues can be mitigated. (Pareto Chart) Figure 2: Sample Pareto Chart
3. Affinity Diagram: These help to determine the set of issues effecting a group and its effect on the
overall organizational

Chevrolet : Romeo And Juliet : Alternative Strategy And...
Strategy Alternatives
The first alternative strategy that Chevrolet could implement is to get away from their idea of
planned product obsolescence. Instead of coming out with a new model every year, they could come
out with a new model every other year. By doing this, they would save a lot of money and time.
They would also have more time to develop a safer and more innovative vehicle.
The second alternative strategy is to focus solely on fuel efficient and electric vehicles. This is not
only the popular vehicle to buy but it also would contribute to the new regulation of making all
vehicles 54.5 mpg by 2025.
The last alternative strategy is to focus Chevrolet's efforts in other countries. Chevrolet already has a
massive presence in the United States. They already have a loyal customer base and top selling cars.
Expanding into the global markets would allow for more opportunities and increased revenue.
Strategy Recommendation
I recommend that Chevrolet focus its efforts on producing fuel efficient and electronic vehicles.
With their idea of planned product obsolescence, coming out with a more fuel–efficient car will also
please to the consumer. Society is more health and environmentally conscious now and Chevy needs
to adapt to that. This recommendation works with consumer demand and the new government
regulation. Additionally, with changing gas prices this option makes consumers less reliant on oil.
Chevrolet can also be ahead of the curve in producing all their

Aviation And Air Pollution
Air pollution has been a severe challenge to fuel consuming industries (Wang & Hao 2012).
Stringent measures are to be implemented to reduce the effects of carbon emission to the
environment. The WHO (2011) has acknowledged the noise environmental impact as a serious
burden of disease, and recent contemporary studies have recognized a link between aviation noise
and cardiovascular disease (Hnasel 2013). Limited Airspace and Airports Capacities Busy airports
have sometimes had to keep aircrafts in the air in wait to land due to the lack of space and
inefficient planning on arrivals and departures. This causes an increase in costs of fuel and other
harmful effects. The capacity of runways, reception by taxis and the whole port should be increased
to allow a smooth flow of activities. The arrival and departure routes can be separate to facilitate a
continuous landing and ascent. Technology Over 60% of airlines have a strategic plan on how to
improve their technique, some with programs underway. An advance in technology in the industry
means easy handling of clients and better service provision (Lovelock 2011). Efficiency will be
high, easy booking of tickets, fast and sophisticated security checks, reduced paper works and
proper communication among others. The right technology will be an essential tool in the
performance of this industry. Economic Impact of Aviation The expansion of airports and
reinforcement of the growth of aviation is evidenced on economic attaining

A Website On Air Pollution
Our proposal is to create a website that encourages people to learn about how to use their car
efficiently. Our website is called Greenriding and there are some games and quizzes that teach you
about air pollution. During this game you earn points and you can trade it in for coupons and the
coupon is sent to the person by email, and comes in a printable PDF. These coupons can be traded in
for things that help air pollution (free smog checks, free tire inflation, free shuttle rides, and free
tune ups). The reason our proposal is mainly focused on learning lessons, to earn points, to get
coupons, is because actually keeping your car in good shape is a huge impact on the environment.
Also getting your car checked out, and fixed soon after your engine light goes on, can improve your
mileage by more than 30%. The second part of Greenriding is a car and shuttle system called
Greenrides. You can either rent a shuttle bus for multiple people, or you could rent an individual car
for just a few people. To become a member of the Greenrides program, you pay $25 per year. You
get the individual car rides for free, but would still pay $10 per shuttle ride. We the car manufactures
are concerned that the next generation of drivers will not be educated enough on air pollution. They
should be able to learn about air pollution for a small price. Your car is designed to run at an optimal
efficiency, however time, distance, and weather, contribute to decreasing that efficiency. Routine

The Prisoners' Dilemma in the Airline Industry
The Prisoners' Dilemma in the airplane industry
Games of Strategy Home Assignment
Tamás Seres
Introduction 3
The Prisoners' Dilemma 3
An Oligopolistic market: 5
The Case Study 6
Conclusion 8
References: 8
Introduction
In today's world the Prisoners' Dilemma is a common phenomenon in business, politics and in social
life as well. This paper will analyze a real life example. It will describe the airplane manufacturing
industry and their two giant manufacturers: Airbus and Boeing. The two companies find themselves
in a business environment where both parties take the others decision into consideration and act in
respect of those. The companies can have two choices: to cooperate with each other for higher ...
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Therefore they have to keep in mind what the other suspect is thinking.
The rational reasoning of John is the following (the same applies for Bob): If John assumes that Bob
will cooperate (does not confess), then for John the optimal strategy is to confess, because with this
act he would be immediately set free, but if he does not confess then he needs to stay in prison for ½
year. If John assumes that Bob will defect (confess), then also the best choice for John is to confess,
because then he only needs to stay in prison for 5 years, which is less than the 10 years what he
would get if he would not confess (cooperate).
The analysis shows that the dominant strategy for both parties is to confess and therefore they will
both get 5 years. In this case the Nash equilibrium is confessing. On the other hand it results a worse
outcome if they would cooperate (6months instead of 5 years). This is not the Pareto efficient
outcome, in which both parties have the highest payoff possible and one can only achieve higher
payoff by hurting the other. In the Prisoners' Dilemma the Nash equilibrium does not equal with the
Pareto efficiency.

An Oligopolistic market:
The definition of an oligopoly is the market condition in which the production of identical or similar
products is done by a small number of big firms. Oligopolies can be categorized in to two types:
homogenous oligopolies where the product is exactly the same (e.g.: steel production)

Pareto Analysis
Prepared by: Yiannis Giannopoulos
Individual assignment
Operations management
NYU – Skopje
Table of contents
Executive summary 2
Introduction of the company 3
Description of current situation 3
Possible solutions 5
Description of the proposed technique or planned change 6
Description of the new situation in the company 8
Justification of proposed solutions with cost based analyses 10
Implementation plan 12
Conclusion and recommendations 13
References 14
Pareto analysis for improving ISDN service
1. Executive Summary
The national telecom provider, MakTel, faces poor sales of ISDN service for several years.
Although the service was introduced e years ago, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From the 13.000 ports installed in the digital switches, only 6.200 have been sold until end of 2005.
Six years after the implementation of the service in the network, and being in the company 's
product portfolio, the number of customers using ISDN service is less than 1.2% from the total
number of customers. Although the company introduced the service almost at the same time as other
telecom operators in Europe, the number of users in others countries is significantly higher (28% in
Slovenia, 10% in Hungary, 32% in Germany). The disproportion is evident. The sales of ISDN in
the Company are a problem.
Ron (2000) stated: "Since ISDN is digital service and capable of high rates of speed over the same
pair of copper wires that service the POTS infrastructure, combining voice and data over a common
medium, results in improved service capacity and higher quality"(p.70).
Although ISDN is a digital service and should result in higher quality, the perception of MakTel
customers of ISDN as a poor service quality is one of the biggest problems for increasing the sales.

According to the faults statistics for 2005, on existing 6200 ISDN subscribers were reported more
than 2400 faults. In the previous years, the ratio between the number of subscribers and the faults
reported was

Comparing Kant's Argument Of Pareto Efficiency
In assessing arrangements to solve the "problem" of free riding, economists claim to be guided by
the principle of Pareto efficiency. That is, they claim to put forward arrangements that will make at
least some people better off without any detriment to others, in terms of their own happiness. If they
are serious about this efficiency criterion then any proposed arrangement must surely accord with
the preferences of the people involved, as revealed through their actual behaviour. It follows that the
ultimate test of any allegedly Pareto–efficient arrangement must surely be to convince all of the
parties affected that they are better off or at least, no worse off under the proposed arrangement.
Indeed, the consent and agreement of all parties

Multimedia Big Data Analysis Framework For Semantic...
%chapter{Conclusions and Future Work} chapter{CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK}
label{chapter:Conclusions} section{Conclusions} In this dissertation a multimedia big data analysis
framework for semantic information management and retrieval is presented. It contains three
coherent components, namely multimedia semantic representation, multimedia concept
classification and summarization, and multimedia temporal semantics analysis and ensemble
learning. These three components are seamlessly integrated and act as a coherent entity to provide
essential functionalities in the proposed information management and retrieval framework. More
specifically: egin{itemize} item A novel correlation–based feature analysis method is presented to
derive HCFGs for multimedia semantic retrieval on mobile devices. The proposed framework
explores the mutual information from multiple modalities by performing correlation analysis for
each feature pair and separating the original feature set into different HCFGs by using the affinity
propagation algorithm at the feature level. Then, a novel fusion scheme is proposed to fuse the
testing scores from selected HCFGs to obtain optimal performance. Finally, an iPad application is
developed based on our proposed system with a user–feedback processing system to refine the
retrieval results. item A hierarchical disaster image classification scheme based on textual and visual
information fusion is proposed for enhancing disaster situation reports with

The Is Not A Silver Bullet
From politicians considering new infrastructure projects to young adults considering starting a
family, the cost–benefit analysis has been touted as a cure for indecision. Based on seemingly firm
economic and philosophical foundations, use of the method has become a ubiquitous part of modern
society's decisional endeavors. Whether it focuses directly on financial gain or on interpretations of
nonmonetary changes in wellbeing, this type of analysis provides a framework that allows
individuals to confidently make decisions of all varieties and levels of importance. The reality,
though, is that cost–benefit analysis is not a silver bullet. At its core, as Hausman and Mcpherson
state, it is predicated on a repressively narrow evaluative ... Show more content on
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64).
A preference refers to an agent's orientation towards some outcomes over others–their ranking of
some outcomes as more desirable than others (Crisp, 2013). Strictly defined, an agent prefers x to
y if and only if [he or she] believes that x is strictly better...than is y (Hausman and McPherson,
1996, p. 64). In the search to narrow the gap between what they consider to be their ideal and the
circumstances in which they currently reside, agents are supposed to take the action they believe to
be instrumental in satisfying the preferences they hold. By supporting the fulfillment of these
desires, modern welfare economics seeks to best satisfy all people, leading to the best state in the
aggregate.
In practice, the framework has been used in both the justification of macroeconomic philosophies
and microeconomic decision making. One of the most notable applications of modern welfare
economics is that of free market justification. The most direct implementation of the theory in such
a manner can be seen in the Pareto efficiency justification for free markets. The rationale for this
perspective is that free markets are justified because they, being composed of rational and free
agents that should only endeavor to partake in interactions that better satisfy their preferences, lead
continually to a state in which more preferences are satisfied.
These functions, transactions in which no party is left in a position of lesser preference satisfaction
and at least one part is

J.b. Hunt Transport Services, Inc.
The company that we will be covering is J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc. JB Hunt is a
transportation company, primarily trucking, that is based in Lowell, Arkansas and was founded in
1961. The company has 16,000 employees, with 12,000 trucks, and 47,000 trailers in operation;
they offer their transportation services to Canada, Mexico, and the continental United States. We
chose J.B. Hunt because they are leading innovators in green transportation by using
environmentally friendly fuel, reducing empty miles, training drivers to drive in a fuel–efficient
manner, and a myriad of other green innovations (J.B. Hunt, 2015). J.B. Hunt's innovations have
made them one of the most competitive transportation companies in the nation (J.B. Hunt, 2015).
Compared to their competitors, they have the same amount of drivers, but bring in double the profit
margins. Among their extensive list of awards and honorable recognitions are included the Most
Innovative Third Party Service Provider from Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Solutions, one of
America's Most Admired Companies from Fortune Magazine, Top 500 Greenest Big Companies in
America from Newsweek Magazine, and Top 100 Companies for Employee Training from Training
Magazine. They have been leaders in developing environmentally friendly forms of product
transportation and many companies have adopted their progressive methods (J.B. Hunt, 2015).
J.B. Hunt has developed Cool Transport, an industry–first carbon–neutral transportation

Economic Commentary on Comcast's Prospective Acquisition...
IB Economic Commentary
Even in technology there are monstrous firms that are power thirsty and try to have the whole
market to themselves. Comcast wants to acquire Time Warner Cable for a $45–billion offer. This is
a disadvantage to the consumers because Comcast will have the position as the dominant cable
operator. Furthermore, that could lead to a decline in competitive pressure. Therefore, is it a wise
decision for the deal to be allowed to go through?
Monopoly is a single firm that controls the market of a given product. In a monopoly there is an
absence of competition, which results in high prices and inferior products. Because there is an
absence of competition and the firm has total domination of the market, the demand curve in the
entire market for the good is equal to the demand for the individual firm's output. A key
characteristic of a monopoly is the individual's firm downward sloping demand that shows that the
firm has some market power. Market power is the ability to control price without losing market
share. A monopoly's profit maximization is achieved when marginal cost equals marginal revenue.
Comcast is already a monopoly in a few states, but with the acquisition of Time Warner Cable, it
will obtain coverage of almost one third of the United States as seen in the map below (Graph 1).
With one third of the United States covered by one cable corporation, that leads to an absence of
competition. Therefore, we see in the graph below that Comcast will cause

3.4Experiments Results :-. A.Benchmark Functions. The
3.4 Experiments results :– A. Benchmark Functions The most challenging issue in validation of
an Evolutionary Multi–objective Optimization (EMOO) algorithm is to identify the right benchmark
functions with diverse characteristics such as multi–modality, deception, isolation and particularly
location of true Pareto–optimal front in the surface to resemble complicated real life problems.
Traditional benchmark functions [1], [2] usually have the global optimum lying either in the centre
of the search range or on the bounds. Naturally, these benchmark functions are inadequate to
exhaustively test the performance of a MOO algorithm. In order to overcome the above problem, a
set of recommended benchmark functions [4] was proposed in the ... Show more content on
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Here two repositories are maintained in addition to the search population. One contains a single
local best for each member of the swarm and the second one is the external archive [7]. This archive
uses the method from [8] to separate the objective function space into a number of hypercubes (an
adaptive grid) to generate well–distributed Pareto fronts [9]. Those hypercubes containing more than
one particle are assigned a fitness score equal to the result of dividing 10 by the number of the
resident particles in that hypercube [6]. Thus a more densely populated hypercube is given a lower
score. Next the primary population uses its local best and global best particle positions (from the
external archive) to update their velocities. The global best is selected by first choosing a hypercube
(according to its score) using the roulette–wheel selection and then opting for a particle randomly
from such hypercube. After that mutation operators are used to enhance the exploratory capabilities
of the swarm. 2) Non–dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm–II (NSGA–II) Non–dominated Sorting
Genetic Algorithm–II (NSGA–II) starts with a parent population set PG of randomly initialized
solutions of size. Then an iterative process begins, where genetic operations like tournament
selection, crossover and mutation are done on the parent set to obtain the child population QG also
of size

Pricing And Distribution Of Pricing
FUT pricing has attractive properties compared to usage–based pricing; it reduces utility variance by
bundling plan units, and thus it satisfies diverse consumer needs and could thus enhance firm
profits. FUT pricing also has a key advantage over flat rate pricing; by having more than one price
point, FUT pricing makes it efficient and flexible to accommodate heterogeneous consumer needs,
making it possible to increase total social welfare (combination of firm profit and consumer
surplus). However, since FUT menu pricing is generally more difficult than flat rate pricing to
implement in practice, it is useful to understand when and by how much FUT pricing can
perform better compared to flat rate pricing in terms of firm's profits, consumer surplus, and social
welfare. Therefore, we aim at deriving an optimal solution for FUT menu pricing to both extend the
literature on the pricing of information services and also to enhance managerial practice by testing
our model with sophisticated analytical and empirical techniques.
FUT menu pricing resembles traditional quantity discounts for physical goods (e.g., Monahan,
1984; Lee and Rosenblatt, 1986; Munson and Rosenblatt, 1998; Corbett and Groote, 2000; Shin and
Benton, 2004) in the sense that the unit price for a bigger size plan is discounted. However, unlike
its popularity for information services, flat rate pricing is not as popular for physical goods perhaps
because of the positive marginal cost associated with each unit

Essay on The Efficient Market Hypothesis
1. INTRODUCTION
The efficient market, as one of the pillars of neoclassical finance, asserts that financial markets are
efficient on information. The efficient market hypothesis suggests that there is no trading system
based on currently available information that could be expected to generate excess risk–adjusted
returns consistently as this information is already reflected in current prices. However, EMH has
been the most controversial subject of research in the fields of financial economics during the last
40 years. Behavioural finance, however, is now seriously challenging this premise by arguing that
people are clearly not rational (Ross, (2002)). Behavioral finance uses facts from psychology and
other human sciences in order to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The weak–form efficiency cannot explain January effect. In semi–strong–form efficient market, to
test this hypothesis, researchers look at the adjustment of share prices to public announcements such
as earnings and dividend announcements, splits, takeovers and repurchases. As time goes, later tests
tend to be not supportive to EMH. For instance, semi–strong–form efficiency cannot explain the
pricing/earning effect. In strong–form efficiency, the highest level of market efficiency, Fama (1991)
pointed out the immeasurability of market efficiency and suggested that it must be tested jointly
with an equilibrium model of expected. However, perfect efficiency is an unrealistic benchmark that
is unlikely to hold in practice.
Last but not least important, an efficient capital market is one in which stock prices fully reflect all
available information. However, the paradox is that since information is reflected in security prices
quickly, knowing information when it is released does an investor little good. Furthermore, it is
impossible to create a portfolio which would earn extraordinary risk adjusted return. As a
consequence, all the technical and fundamental analysis are useless, no one can consistently
outperform the market, and new

A Copula-Based EDA For a Class of Continuous...
A Copula–Based EDA For a Class of Continuous Multiobjective Problems 1 Introduction An
optimisation problem consist of trying to find the optimal solution in a set of good solution, finding
this optimal solution has a relation with the specific area of research problem, this kind of problem
which have two or more objective function to reach are called multiobjective problem, those
objectives are usually contradictory each others, the optimisation of this problems enter in Decision
making of a huge industrial and research problems. To solve this kind of problems many methods
were proposed citing NSGAII [1] SPEA2 [2] Indicator–based EA [3] [4], those methods are
eventually an evolutionary algorithms which start with an initial population ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
this paper is organized as flow: A definition of the Multiobjective optimisation problem. A definition
of the Estimation of Distribution Algorithm. A definition of the Copula theory. Presentation of the
new proposed Algorithm. Used test problems. Experimentation and results 2 Multiobjective
optimisation problem A multiobjective problem can be viewed as well and if we consider a
minimisation problem for all objectives functions: m functions to optimize and p constraints to
satisfy. The main goal of all optimisation methods is to find an optimal solution of those problems,
and we should precise that a multiobjective problem have many objectives to optimize these
functions are mutually contradictory, so to make a comparison between solution and an other one,
we should describe a relation to made this appreciation, The Pareto Dominance relation can do this.
Considering a minimisation problem, lets u and v two vectors. A solution is an Pareto optimal
solution if and only if it doesn't exist an other admissible solution x where f(x) dominate . So a
solution of an Multiobjective problem is a set of solutions which they are not dominated by any
other solutions, we call this set the Pareto front 2 Related work In this

The Environmental Effect Of Operational Planning And...
Organizations face many pressures in their attempt to navigate daily operations, while conducting
business in such a way that their stakeholders are satisfied. This organization must meet stakeholder
satisfaction with regard to profit margins, stock prices, and personal and organizational beliefs. The
belief structure of the organization, as a whole, as well as concerned individuals holds special
emphasis, as it directs how operations influence the organization's image. As the global conscience
advances through the 21st century, the environmental effect of operational planning and execution
take center stage in the efforts to curb and reduce the ecological footprint of a company. Southwest
Airlines must remain cognizant of their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Puempel and Williams (2016) project that failure to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement could
lead to rising sea levels, warmer air temperatures, and more erratic weather and jet stream patterns,
which will threaten coastal airports, increase the amount of fuel required for takeoff and landing,
and shift flight patterns to less fuel efficient paths.
Hope comes in the form of a progressive vision, one which will set Southwest above its peers in the
modernization of environmentally conscious advancement of aviation practices. Setting an example
by making commercial aviation operations sustainable and environmentally sound through the
implementation of innovative practices in air and ground operations for the betterment of the
aviation industry and the human race. This vision will lead to an industry benchmark in the
effective, efficient, and effusive operations that will become commonplace in the future of
commercial aviation. Although this is a very ambitious vision, it is attainable through solid change
strategy, focusing on existing technology, for operations in flight and on the ground.
The main contributor to carbon emissions, and the primary factor of the environmental impact of
aviation, is jet engines. Two ways that an airline company can save on fuel expenses, and the
subsequent impact to the environment, is through altering takeoff procedures and investing in more
fuel–efficient engines. Fuel requirements for takeoff

Essay about Quality Management
Quality Management and Excellence
Taquenia Brown
MGT/449
5/7/2012
Timothy Peters
Quality Management
What is quality? Quality can be defined as many different meanings. In business quality is defined
as a state of being free from defects and deficiencies brought by consisted adhering to variable
standards to achieve output that satisfies the customer (Business dictionary, 2011). Others may
define quality as a measurement of standards and excellence any feature that makes something what
it is: (your dictionary.com 1996). Regardless of the variations in definitions the main elements
remain consistence. Quality is associated with specifications, standards, customers' expectations,
and the level of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His contributions to quality was so important that he was written about in many magazines, such as,
the Harvard Business Review, Business Week, The Financial Times just to name a few. Juran was
well known for the Juran Trilogy, The Pareto Principle, and quality improvement (Goetsch.
Davis,2010). The Pareto Principle was used by millions of managers to help separated the vital
few from the useful many which is referred to as the 80–20 rule. This principle is one of the most
useful concept used in modern day time. Juran believe the elements of quality was conducting
research, consulting activities and training in the area of quality management. The practice of total
quality and its elements made pioneer effective because quality could be established in other
counties such as Japan to promote friendship between the United States and Japan. He was
respected by Japan by having the reputation of establishing made–in–Japan products. Juran was
the first to assimilated human aspect of quality management, which is known as Total Quality
Management (Goetsch Davis, 2010). Juran is also known for applying what was the economic
principle to quality management. He recommend businesses focus on improvement efforts in
identifying and eliminating the sources of the problems. In today's environment the elements of
quality are useful because they assist organizations with creating a new foundation and maintain a
structure that

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CASE STUDY
Group 2
Samsung Electronics
Executive Summary
Recent quality related issues have put Samsung Electronics, one of the world's largest technology
companies at risk. These quality concerns, spiked through recent recalls and external complaints,
have generated a flow of bad news coming to the desk of quality director Kevin Sarni. The issues
most commonly found within the complaints related to display issues, customer service support,
faulty electric components, audio, and safety. Of the main issues, display and customer service
support appeared to be the most detrimental. Once the patterns and themes became visible, Samsung
and its quality director Kevin Sarni were challenged with immediately identifying root causes. This
was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assuming that many of the display issues are caused by faulty components, such as the main board,
it is important to identify where in the process these faulty components are coming from whether it
be internal manufacturing processes or suppliers. Since suppliers happen to be at the beginning of
the supply chain it would be necessary to begin there. Sarni, along with cross–functional teams from
Samsung must immediately schedule a visit to their main suppliers of components such as the main
board. Once the visits are scheduled, Sarni and the cross–functional teams will conduct extensive
audits of the supplier's processes and systems. The audits will consist of detailed examinations of
the supplier's equipment, process capability, facilities, and personnel. Each supplier they visit, Sarni
along with another manager, will be responsible for grading each supplier. The grading metrics
should consist of defects per day, damage, flexibility, responsiveness, and communication. Grades
will be recorded on a supplier scorecard and then electronically documented upon return to
Samsung's office. Dependent on the findings, Sarni may be faced with choosing another supplier,
that is, one who is consistently able to meet design specifications. Eventually, once a quality
supplier is developed within Samsung's network of partners, Sarni must direct significant effort in
monitoring their performance. To monitor the supplier's performance overtime, Sarni

Iso 9001 Quality Management System
ISO 9001:2015
ISO 9001 is a Quality management standard which is recognised internationally and used by
organizations worldwide. It can be used by business of all sizes, it provides an effective quality
management system. It was first published in 1987 (updated 1994, 2000, 2008). The latest version
was published in 2015. This replaces all the previous editions. (Praxiom Group 2014)
Suggested Modifications to ISO 9001:2015
Employee Support: It is important that you have a strategy to get the support of the employees and
stakeholders for an implementation project. Make sure that you discuss with people on key changes,
seek advice and opinions, and provide clear communication to the people affected by the changes
that your ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So, the standard should contain regulation for insurance and health check–up for the employees.
FLOW CHART (Process Implementation)
The Seven Basic Quality Tools for Process Improvement.
1. Cause and effect diagram
2. Check Sheet
3. Control Charts
4. Histogram
5. Pareto Charts
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Stratification
The above highlighted quality tools have been discussed below
Check Sheets
Check sheets are tools which contains a collection of items and an indicator which shows how often
each item on the list occurs. It makes the data collection process easier by categorizing events that
are likely to occur. The performance of check sheet can be amplified if it is used with other tools
such as Histograms and Pareto analysis. Ishikawa estimated that 80% to 90% of all workplace
problems could be solved using only the simple quality improvement tools. (Thomas Pyzdek 2015)
The various types of check sheets are Recording check sheet, check list, Process check sheets,
Defect check sheets, Stratified defects check sheets, Defect location check sheet, Cause and effect
diagram check sheet. (Thomas Pyzdek 2015)
1. Recording Check Sheet
It is a simple form of check sheet used to collect measured or counted data in a tabular form. Data is

collected by making tick marks. It can be broken down to show shift, day or month. One precaution
to be taken is to leave enough room to write individual measurements.
Table: An example of Recording check sheet.

1. In Which Of The Following Markets Do You Pay Efficient...
Discussion Questions: An economy may be inefficient for two reasons – market power and
nonexistence of markets. (p. 46)
1. In which of the following markets do you expect efficient outcomes? Why
a. Hurricane insurance for beach houses: Efficient outcomes because individual that build a house
on the beach would more than likely acquire some type of insurance, for example, flood insurance,
knowing that hurricanes can destroy everything. You would expect that the market for flood
insurance would function fairly efficiently.
b. Medical care:
c. Stock market – Efficient outcomes; because it not a monopoly market.
It's not a market with only one seller of a good. It has lots of buyers and sellers. So you would
expect efficient outcome.
d. MP3 Players – Efficient outcomes because it's not a monopoly market because of other
competitor. There are a lot of companies that sells players, however, for MP3 you have consumers
who would prefer MP3 over the other brands, so, more than likely you would expect efficient
outcome.
e. Loans for students who wish to attend college
f. Housing – I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The change would raise the insurance rates of rural and suburban residents, and lower the rates of
urban residents. Is such a policy efficient? This is an example of the Pareto efficient wherein an
allocation of resources such that no person can be made better off without making another person
worse off. Is it likely to improve social welfare? It's not likely to improve social welfare because
social welfare function summarizes society's preferences concerning the utility (Happiness) of each
of its member. So, if you raise insurance rates of rural and suburban and lower the insurance rates
for urban would be unfair since the regulation prohibit pricing insurance rates on geographic

Finance
Economics ‫إنسانية‬ ‫حاجات‬ ‫إشباع‬ ‫في‬ ‫المحدودة‬ ‫الموارد‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫كيفية‬ ‫في‬ ‫يبحث‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫اإلجتماعية‬ ‫العلوم‬ ‫من‬ ‫فرع‬ :‫اإلقتصاد‬ ‫علم‬
‫بالموارد‬ ‫يهتم‬ .2 .‫اجتماعي‬ ‫إنساني‬ ‫علم‬ ‫هو‬ ‫االقتصاد‬ .1 :‫التالي‬ ‫النحو‬ ‫على‬ ‫العناصر‬ ‫من‬ ‫العديد‬ ‫يشتمل‬ ‫السابق‬ ‫التعريف‬ .‫محدودة‬ ‫غير‬
‫االقتصادية‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫أهداف‬ ‫ويحقق‬ .4 .‫واالختيار‬ ‫الندرة‬ ‫ويعالج‬ .3 .)‫اإلنتاج‬ ‫(عناصر‬ ‫اإلنتاجية‬. Micro vs Macro Micro: ‫يهتم‬
‫الفردية‬ ‫والمنشأة‬ ‫الفرد‬ ‫او‬ ‫المستهلك‬ ‫بسلوك‬ ‫تتعلق‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫في‬ ‫الفردية‬ ‫او‬ ‫الصغيرة‬ ‫االقتصادية‬ ‫للوحدات‬ ‫االقتصادي‬ ‫بالنشاط‬
‫سلعة‬ ‫سعر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫العالقة‬ ‫طبيعة‬ ‫دراسة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الجزئي‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫ينصرف‬ ‫كله‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫ومن‬. ‫وهكذا‬ .. ‫الواحد‬ ‫والسوق‬ ‫والسلعة‬ ‫الواحد‬ ‫والمنتج‬
‫االخرى‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫ثبات‬ ‫افتراض‬ ‫مع‬ ،‫السلعة‬ ‫تلك‬ ‫من‬ ‫المطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫وبين‬ ‫السوق‬ ‫في‬ ‫ما‬. Macro: ‫أو‬ ‫الكلي‬ ‫االقتصادى‬ ‫التحليل‬
‫الشمول‬ ‫بفكرة‬ ‫يرتبط‬ ‫التجميعي‬ ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
‫االقتصادي‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫طرق‬ Economic Analysis Methods * ‫الوصفي‬ ‫التحليل‬ Descriptive Analysis ‫من‬ ‫النوع‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يسعى‬
‫أبعادها‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫باإلمكان‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫حتى‬ ‫ظهورها‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫أدت‬ ‫التي‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫ودراسة‬ ‫المختلفة‬ ‫االقتصادية‬ ‫الظواهر‬ ‫وصف‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫التحليل‬
‫الرياضي‬ ‫التحليل‬ * ‫لحلها‬ ‫مقترحات‬ ‫وضع‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫ومن‬ ،‫عليها‬ ‫وأثرها‬ ‫األخرى‬ ‫االقتصادية‬ ‫بالمتغيرات‬ ‫وعالقتها‬ ‫المختلفة‬
Mathematical Analysis ‫االقتصادية‬ ‫المتغيرات‬ ‫بين‬ ‫الدالية‬ ‫بالعالقات‬ ‫ًال‬‫ممث‬ ‫االقتصادي‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫في‬ ‫الرياضي‬ ‫المنطق‬ ‫يستخدم‬
‫وأخذ‬ .‫المستخدمة‬ ‫االقتصادية‬ ‫المتغيرات‬ ‫تعدد‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬ ‫وحدة‬ ‫الوصفي‬ ‫المنطق‬ ‫استخدم‬ ‫ما‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫منطقي‬ ‫خطأ‬ ‫في‬ ‫وقوع‬ ‫احتمال‬ ‫لتالفي‬
‫القياسي‬ ‫التحليل‬ * .‫ملحة‬ ‫ضرورة‬ ‫الحاضر‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫في‬ ‫أصبح‬ ‫حتى‬ ،‫األخيرة‬ ‫اآلونة‬ ‫في‬ ‫متزايدة‬ ‫بصورة‬ ‫يتزايد‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫من‬ ‫النوع‬ ‫هذا‬
Econometrics Analysis ‫األفكار‬ ‫من‬ ‫العديد‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ينفي‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إال‬ ،‫الوصفي‬ ‫لتحليل‬ ‫بديل‬ ‫منطق‬ ‫يعتبر‬ ‫يزال‬ ‫ال‬ ‫حيث‬
‫على‬ ‫أضفى‬ ‫الرياضي‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫أسلوب‬ ‫وأن‬ .‫وحده‬ ‫الوصفي‬ ‫التحليل‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫إليها‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫باإلمكان‬ ‫يكن‬ ‫لم‬ ‫الخالقة‬ ‫االقتصادية‬
‫للتحليل‬ ‫الرياضية‬ ‫الصياغة‬ ‫وأن‬ ‫لها‬ ‫يتوصل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫النتائج‬ ‫في‬ ‫الثقة‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫من‬ ‫يزيد‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫األمر‬ ‫الدقة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ًا‬‫نوع‬ ‫الوصفي‬ ‫التحليل‬
‫التالية‬ ‫الصورة‬ ‫تأخذ‬ ‫واالستهالك‬ ‫الدخل‬ ‫بين‬ ‫العالقة‬ ‫تمثل‬ ‫التي‬ ‫االقتصادي‬: C = + Y ‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬ C ‫االستهالك‬ ‫تمثل‬، Y ‫الدخل‬ ‫تمثل‬
‫معامل‬ ‫فهي‬ ‫فهي‬ ‫أما‬ .‫ًا‬‫صفر‬ ‫الدخل‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫عندما‬ ‫المستقل‬ ‫االستهالك‬ ‫قيمة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الثابت‬ ‫الحد‬ ‫تمثل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬ ،‫الثوابت‬ ‫تمثل‬ ‫و‬ ‫وأن‬ ‫المتاح‬
‫البياني‬ ‫التحليل‬ * .)‫لالستهالك‬ ‫الحدي‬ ‫(الميل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الدخل‬ Graphical Analysis ‫للتحليل‬ ‫يكون‬

European Competition Law And Policy
This essay will analyse European competition law and policy to ascertain the values and
characteristics that serve as its foundation. First, this essay will give a brief outline of competition
and the significance of competition law and policy. Subsequently, this essay will give an explanation
of the values behind European competition law and policy, which are consumer welfare, economic
efficiency and economic freedom. The values will incorporate Articles 101 and 102 TFEU along
with reference to the Chicago school of competition analysis and ordoliberalism.
Competition occurs in a free market economy where firms will endeavour to achieve business
objectives which adapt according to interactions with consumers. These objectives are profits, sales
or market share. Competition is essential for a properly functioning market as firms will be placed
under competitive pressure to provide consumers with a comprehensive choice of goods and
services at the most favourable prices. In a free market economy, government regulations or
restrictions are not applied in this economic system. Instead, it is determined by supply and demand
which directs the production of goods and services. The premise of a free market is competition
between firms to enable increased consumer welfare while promoting innovation and efficiency as
there will be lower prices and products of better quality. For competition to be effective in a free
market economy, it must be protected by competition law and

The Ethics Of Commercial Privacy
The Ethics of Commercial Privacy
In The Right of Privacy, Richard Posner argues that, the law should in general accord private
business information greater protection than it accords personal information. Secrecy is an
important method of appropriating social benefits to the entrepreneur who creates them while in
private life it is more likely to conceal discreditable facts (404). However, his argument is flawed,
because it dehumanizes individuals, disregarding the value of their privacy in order to place the
corporate world above their needs and rights. Posner's claim rests on his economic analysis, which
holds that a business has a greater potential for economic efficiency than an individual if its
information is kept private. And it is crucial to this analysis that privacy and prying be regarded as
intermediate goods–means to an end rather than ends in themselves. Indeed Posner believes that we
use prying and then work to conceal our own information so as to come out ahead. Thus he argues
that prying into the private lives of friends is motivated by rational considerations of self–interest,
for it gives us a more holistic sense of what kinds of people our friends may be (395). Posner
believes that idle curiosity does not exist, then, because our reasons for seeking out information
always serve some greater end. Even gossip columns, in Posner's opinion, are not, as Warren and
Brandeis assert, deplorable. Rather, we use the personal lives of successful people to

Negociation: Negotiation and Reservation Price
Anna Hardy – Lucie Lambert – Manon Lauzet – Thomas Jouvel – Chloé Gilles
EXERCICE IN NEGOCIATION ANALYSIS
EXERCISE ON BATNAS, RESERVATION PRICES, AND ZOPAS
A PRIMER ON BATNAS, RESERVATION PRICES, AND ZOPAS
This introduction talks about Negotiation concepts. BATNA (Best Alternative to Negotiated
Agreement) is the last proposal that a person can do before exiting the negotiation. You have to
prepare your BATNA before the negotiation to keep in mind what is your alternative solution if the
agreement cannot be reach.
Then, RESERVATION PRICES is the point beyond which a negotiator is ready to walk away from a
negotiated agreement. In a negotiation you are indifferent between settling at your reservation prices
or BATNA. The reservation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
MOREOVER, HE OR SHE WOULD PREFER $100 P FOR SURE TO A P CHANCE AT $100
AND A 1 PCHANCE AT $0. NOW SUPPOSE THAT CONDOR IS RISK AVERSE. HOW
WOULD CONDOR'S RESERVATION PRICE CHANGE?
If we suppose that Condor is risk averse, then it will prefer the EMV ($18/unit) to the low
possibility of selling at $30/unit. ANYWAY, THEY WILL SELL THE CPU MORE THAN
$15/UNIT, SO CONDOR'S RESERVATION PRICE WILL BE BETWEEN $18 AND 15$.
Exercise 2 :
_Mary wants to sell her house for $215.000; she didn't have any proposition until this young
couple's offer ($170.000). Mary told to her agent that this price is out of the ZOPA, but she is ready
to negotiation._
Mary should decrease her reservation price for the house because there is only one proposition; on
the other hand, this couple seems to be very interested by her house. However, the reservation price
cannot decrease until $170.000, but it cannot reach the $215.000 as well.
Here is our proposition of reservation price, to meet the interest of the both parts.

$180.000 $205.000
ZOPA $25.000
EXERCISES ON PARETO EFFICIENCY
A PRIMER ON PARETO EFFICIENCY
During a negotiation, one first negotiator Alice may simply find an agreement A better than an
agreement Y because it is better for her, even if this is the worst case for the other part. But we
can say that an agreement X would be better than agreements Y and A because it Is better for
both parts. If there is also an

Single Variable Response ( Svr )
Single Variable Response (SVR) has been a methodology often used for qualitative analysis of the
training results obtained from Evolutionary neural network (EvoNN) and Bi–Objective genetic
programming (BioGP) [Pettersson et~al., 2007], [Jha et~al., 2015b]. In SVR, a style of variation is
created by generating values between zero and one on time scale. The trend line is irregular, that is
there are regions of constant values, sharp increases and sharp decreases in the line. This has been
referred to as input signal in the following text. Here, an input signal is furnished for each variable
(alloying element). The response of that signal (that corresponds to that particular variable) was
checked with respect to the input signal for the objectives and constraints trained through the
selected model. For SVR testing, the input signal (trend of variation) was used for one of the
variables, while the other variables were kept constant at an average value. The model output
response was plotted against the variable trend. The various responses were tabulated for each of the
models. Following terminologies were used in SVR testing: 1. Direct: This means that the model
output increases on increasing the value of input signal and decreases on decreasing the value. 2.
Inverse: This means that a particular variable will affect the model output in opposite manner. That
is, if we quantitatively increase/decrease the value of that particular variable (concentration of this

Integrated Computer Aided Engineering And Information...
Integrated Computer–Aided Engineering 0 (2017) 1?0 1 IOS Press A Region Division Based
Diversity Maintaining Approach for Many–Objective Optimization Linqiang Pan a,c, Cheng He a,
Ye Tian b, Yansen Su b, and Xingyi Zhang b,? aKey Laboratory of Image Information Processing
and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China, School of Automation, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, No. 1037, Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China E–mail:
{chenghehust, lqpanhust}@gmail.com b Institute of Bio–inspired Intelligence and Mining
Knowledge, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, No. 111, Jiulong Road,
Hefei, 230039, China E–mail: {?eld910921, xyzhanghust}@gmail.com, suyansen1985@163.com c
School of Electric and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Experimental results on these problems demonstrate that the competitiveness of the proposed
algorithm in solving many–objective optimization problems, especially for those with irregular
Pareto optimal fronts. Keywords: Many–objective optimization, region division, diversity
maintaining, irregular Pareto front 1. Introduction Most real–world optimization problems are
charac– terized by the existence of multiple, often con?ict– ing, objectives [10,29], such as electrical
engineer– ing [44], engineering modelling [6,43,49,53], indus– trial scheduling problems [28,58]
and robotics and control [5,40,48]. These optimization problems are *Corresponding author. E–
mail: xyzhanghust@gmail.com. called multi–objective optimization problems (MOPs) and they can
be described as follows Minimize F (x) =(f1(x), f2(x), . . . , fM (x)) (1) subject to x ? X, where X is
the search space of decision variables with objective number M larger than two [12,9]. Many–
objective optimization problems (MaOPs) refer to MOPs involving more than three objectives [30],
which are very common in real–world applications, 1875–8835/17/$17.00 c? 2017 ? IOS Press and
the authors. All rights reserved 2 L. Pan et al. / A region division based diversity maintaining
approach for many–objective optimization see e.g. [20,22,37]. For MOPs, there does not typ– ically
exist a single solution that minimizes all ob– jectives simultaneously. Hence, attention is paid to
Pareto optimal solutions, that

The Issue Of Mounting Debt
The lack of sales and higher costs mentioned above led to the obvious internal issue of mounting
debt. It is so obvious we will only touch briefly enough on it to mention that mounting debt to the
tune of over $340,000,000, nearly half that owed to the parent company Suzuki Motor Corporation,
proved to be an insurmountable mountain to scale (Szczesny, 2012). The last internal factor we will
discuss is hardly a negative aspect of Suzuki's business, but it certainly fits the definition of an
internal factor that directly led to the decision to pull out of the States. This internal factor is their
success in other regions of the world. While market share in the U.S. plummeted to well under 1%,
Suzuki was doing quite well in other regions. They were the leader in India, a country that
accounted for 40% overall sales in early 2012 (Hagiwara Hagiwara, 2012). Other emerging
markets in Southeast Asia were strongholds for the company as well, believed to be because of the
smaller frame of their cars. In markets used to suffocating small roads, these small, inexpensive and
durable cars were in high demand. And because of the success in these non U.S. markets the
decision became clearer, as there was an alternative place to allocate resources. If other successful
markets hadn't existed it is easy to see how a decision to simply attempt to repair itself and compete
in the U.S. could have been justified.
External
Unlike internal factors in which a certain amount of control is

Final Project : Seasonal Trading Patterns
Final Project – Seasonal Trading Patterns
Timothy Brady
Southern New Hampshire University
25 January 2015
QSO510 – Quantitative Analysis
Professor Ozcan
Topic Selection
For my paper, I wanted to analyze the validity of the Efficient Market Hypothesis and evaluate
patterns in trading. As an investor, one of the fundamental measures that I use is the tendency of
commodities to follow seasonal patterns due to the nature of planting and harvesting periods,
supply/demand, and general weather patterns which all impact the price of commodities. The
purpose of this study is to investigate the existence the effect in investment returns for different
markets.
Thesis
The efficient–market hypothesis (EMH) is one of the well–known methods for measuring the future
value of stock prices. According to this hypothesis, the market is efficient if its prices are formed on
the basis of all disposable information. According to EMH if there is a possibility to predict the
future price of shares, that is the first sign of an inefficient market.
The existence of calendar or time anomalies is a contradiction to the weak form of the Efficient
Market Hypothesis (EMH). The weak form of the EMH states that the market is efficient in past
price and volume information and stock movements cannot be predicted using this historic
information. This form infers that stock returns are time invariant, that is, there is no identifiable
short–term time based pattern. The existence of seasonality

Theories Of Asset Pricing Behaviour
Introduction The Efficient Markets theory has been a source of much controversy within both the
academic and financial worlds. Eugene Fama first defined an efficient market as a market where,
given the available information, actual prices...represent very good estimates of intrinsic values
(1965, p.90). After Harry Roberts (1967) formed the Efficient Market Hypothesis(EMH), Fama
then went on to publish results that concluded the stock markets are efficient. Thus it is impossible
to achieve consistent abnormal returns. However, investors daily are seeking to defy the EMH and
therefore the hypothesis is under constant audit 252 days a year. Let me firstly clarify what is meant
by anomalies in the market, Anomalies within the market are empirical results that are inconsistent
with current theories of asset–pricing behaviour ( G.William Schwert). Anomalies represent
inefficiency in the market ( i.e. Arbitrage opportunities) or issues with the underlying asset–pricing
model. Scholars have documented many effects that have generated anomalies: Weekend Effect,
January effect, Size Effect, momentum and contrarian effect. However once these effects have been
reported and analysed, the anomalies seem to disappear or attenuate. As a result, it is not terribly
shocking to see that numerous anomaly–generating effects have been brought to the spotlight in
recent years, undermining the proposition of the EMH. Even before the EMH was proposed,
Wachtel( 1942) published findings

Capital Market Research : How Disclosures Of Particular...
This essay aims to further identify and expatiate my knowledge on capital market research which
investigates how disclosures of particular information influences aggregate trading activities taken
by individuals participating within capital markets (Deegan ,2011). Through this module my
understanding in capital market research that looks at the information content of accounting
disclosures and capital market research that uses share price data as a benchmark for evaluating
accounting disclosures has evolved. In this area of research, markets are deemed efficient and this
theory will be explored further. The capital market is considered to be highly competitive, and as a
result, newly released public information is expected to be quickly impounded into share prices.
Following Fama's (1970) landmark research papers, which explained the principals of the efficient
market hypothesis, capital market efficiency has been a pre–eminent and ongoing research topic.
Capital market research 'explores the role of accounting and other financial information in equity
markets.'The assumptions of market efficiency are central to capital market research. Market
efficiency is considered important because if information is not assimilated into stock market
rapidly of if new information appears in an anticipated manner, individuals may exploit this
information.'A market in which prices always fully reflect all available information is called
efficient' (Fama,1970:383). Markets are not

Essay on Fuel Economy in American Automobiles
Fuel efficiency in automobiles has become a topic of much discussion in recent years in the United
States. This is due largely to the environmental devastation that fuel emissions cause, but it is also
sparked by the rising fuel costs. Making cars with high fuel efficiency not only saves consumers
money, but also will drastically reduce the pollution that is caused by emissions. Today automakers
are putting a tremendous amount of effort into making their cars more fuel efficient, both to meet
government regulations and to make their car more appealing to the consumer. During the late
1900's, fuel efficiency was given very little thought by automakers. Instead, they competed with
each other by coming out with larger and more powerful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The first law that was passed to enforce this was the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, which
was passed by Congress in 1975. This law established a Corporate Average Fuel Economy program,
commonly known as the CAFE program, and it required automakers to drastically increase the fuel
efficiency of their vehicles. Consequently, by 1985, the average fuel efficiency of automobiles had
risen to 27.5 miles per gallon, which is very close to what it is today (Bezdek 132,133). Because
CAFE did not change the fuel efficiency standard until years later, by the early 1980's most
automakers had met the fuel efficiency that was required for their automobiles, so they started to
pay more attention to the size and power of their vehicles. Instead of building cars with better gas
mileage each year, they built their cars bigger and with more power, while keeping the fuel
efficiency just high enough so that it met CAFE standards. Accordingly, the gas mileage of vehicles
has not increased significantly since the 1980's (Bezdek 133). In fact, the average fuel efficiency of
new passenger vehicles steadily declined from the 1980's until 2004. This was due to the loopholes
which car manufacturers found in the CAFE standards. CAFE treated light trucks much more
leniently than cars, and allowed them to have considerably less fuel efficiency than cars. This caught
the attention of car manufacturers, who then looked at how CAFE defined a light truck. They

A Theory Of The Efficient Market Hypothesis
The main idea of market efficiency reflects that all the information which is associated with stock
market is basically showing on the stock process in any time. It appears that the stock prices are
unpredictable because the random changing of the new information affects it. Under the
circumstance of that the French mathematician Bachelier (1900) first came up with the idea about
that random information results to the unpredictable prices in marketing concept. After that Osborne
(1964) brought a theory of random walk, and then accomplished by Fama (1965). Since the day of
creation of market efficiency, it has been criticised by researchers all the time; but it still has
significant impact on financial field. In 1970, Fama developed the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This essay examines all three forms in different tests. Through the analysis result to implies how
news will affect the prices. Then, making the evaluation suggests the future performance of EMH.
According the definition of EMH, the price which shown on the stock market already were the best
results that shows the company's operating ability. Therefore, it does not matter how much effort
made by the stock firm and investor, and how cautious they are. Information already reacted in the
stock prices, whether it is an expensive stock or a cheaper one. It seems that how much information
could be reflected in price might the distinction of different form of market efficiency. Roberts
(1967) had clearly defined the difference between the weak form, semi–strong form, and strong, and
it further summarised by Fama (1970) to define the information efficiency, which is: A market in
which prices always 'fully reflect' available information is called 'efficient'. In the fact that several
form market efficiency act in EMH indicates that does those forms real acts in the capital market
should be analysed and proved.
According to Burton and Shah (2013, P8), they argue the strong form market efficiency should
contain both semi–strong and weak form market efficiency; therefore, they define the strong form
market efficiency as the price directly included and exactly reflected all the news which no

Advantages Of Statistical Process Control (SPC)
3.1 Statistical Process Control (SPC)
Statistical Process Control is an analytical decision making tools which allow us to see when a
process is working correctly and when it is not. Variation is present in any process, deciding when
the variation is natural and when it needs correction is the key to quality control.
The foundation for Statistical Process Control was laid by Dr. Walter Shewart working in the Bell
Telephone Laboratories in the 1920s conducting research on methods to improve quality and lower
costs. He developed the concept of control with regard to variation, and came up with Statistical
Process Control Charts which provide a simple way to determine if the process is in control or not.
Dr. W. Edwards Deming built upon Shewart's work and took the concepts to Japan following WWII.
There, Japanese industry adopted the concepts whole–heartedly. The resulting high quality of
Japanese products is world–renowned. Dr. Deming is famous throughout Japan as a God of
quality. Today, SPC is used in manufacturing facilities around the world.
3.2 Advantage of SPC Implementation
It provides a means of detecting error at inspection.
It leads to more uniform ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Supervise the process so that the operators quickly notice if a new assignable cause is introduced in
the process, in such case eliminate it.
When the SPC program is performed the process variation will be reduced, the cost of poor quality
will decrease and the product quality will improve. To achieve the objectives above, a set of useful
tools called the Magnificent Seven can be used. The Magnificent Seven or the Seven Quality
Control (7QC) tools are graphical statistical tools and methods for continuous improvement. A list
of the tools is presented here:
Pareto Charts
Cause and Effect diagram
Flow

Ecological Economics Vs. Welfare Economics Essay
Ecological Economics vs Neoclassicial Welfare Economics
In the past, economic school of thought regarded the resources as unlimited and focused on more
production under the light of the unlimited growth assumption. Every economic action was
suggested to only consider about making more profit. While the economy and the human population
are growing; more natural resources are used and more pollution is observed. Human become to
deal with the results of its production such as enviromental problems and resource scarcity. A debate
has emerged in economics and the mainstream economics is brought into question since its
unlimited growth assumption is collapsed. Ecological economists argues the neoclassical welfare
economics for ignoring the enviromental and ethic values by only focusing on the cost–benefit
analysis. It also claims that the neoclassical economics fails to calculate the value of the
enviromental capital and the loss of the economic activities on the environment. This paper is going
to explain the problems with the neoclassical welfare economics and the alternatives offered by the
ecological economics in terms of economic growth and environment.
The neoclassical welfare economics explains the economic production and behaviour by using the
mainstream terms of economic literature. Specifically, it focuses on the Pareto efficieny and
suggests two theorems related to it. Firstly, the Pareto efficieny is stated by maximisation of
preferences under a restricted budget and

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