Why plan for growth and change, when it seems so much easier to simply react? When there is a distinct and shared vision for your community - when residents, businesses and local government anticipate a sustainable town with cohesive and thriving neighborhoods - you have the power to conserve your beautiful natural spaces, enhance your existing downtown or Main Street, enable rural areas to be productive and prosperous, and save money through efficient use of existing infrastructure. This is the dollars and sense of smart growth. Success is clearly visible in Maine, from the creation of a community-built senior housing complex and health center in Fort Fairfield to conservation easements creating Forever Farms to Rockland's revitalized downtown. Communities have options. We have the power to manage our own responses to growth and change. After all, “Planning is a process of choosing among those many options. If we do not choose to plan, then we choose to have others plan for us.” - Richard I. Winwood And in the end, this means that our children and their children will choose to make Maine home and our economy will provide the opportunities to do so. The Summit offers you a wonderful opportunity to be a part of the transformative change in Maine that we’ve seen these gatherings produce. We encourage you to consider the value of being actively involved in growing Maine’s economy and protecting the reasons we choose to live here.

1. Walking the Walk:
Complete Streets are
Smart Growth Investments
Nancy Grant
Executive Director
Bicycle Coalition of Maine
GrowSmart Maine – Summit 2014
October 21, 2014
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2. About the Coalition
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• Making Maine better for
biking since 1992
• Member organization with
over 5000 members
• Education
• Infrastructure
• Advocacy
• Enforcement
• Encouragement

3. Bicycling and Bikes in 2014
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4. Bicycling and Bikes in 2014
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5. Complete Streets:
• Complete Streets are streets for everyone, no
matter who they are or how they travel.
• Complete Streets are safe for bicyclists,
pedestrians, transit users, motorists, of all ages
and abilities.
• Complete Streets are SAFE, COMFORTABLE,
CONVENIENT and CONNECTED.
• Complete Streets Policies ensure that the entire
(street) right-of-way is planned, designed,
constructed, operated, and maintained to
provide safe access for all users.
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6. Fix 1950’s Transportation System
• Car is king, all efforts focused on moving or parked cars, avoiding traffic jams
• Drive anywhere and everywhere in the shortest time possible
• If traffic, build another lane
• Parking lots everywhere
• Unsafe for pedestrians, bicyclists, young/old, disabled, limited transit
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10. 10

11. 11

12. WHY? / BENEFITS
• Improves Safety for those who don’t drive
• Improves Public Health
• Stimulates Economic Development
• Saves Mainer’s money
• Provides Choices
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13. Not everyone drives!
• Kids under 16
• Disabled
• Elderly
• People who can’t afford or choose not to
have cars
• People prohibited from driving
• more than 3,000 Lewiston-Auburn households
don't have access to cars
• =33% of Americans, 24% of Mainers
(Federal Highway 2006)
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14. 14
Maine:
• 7.2% of fatalities
on roads involve
bicyclists or
pedestrians.
• A pedestrian is
hit by a motor
vehicle once a
day on average.
Safety

15. More than 40% of pedestrian deaths in 2007
and 2008 occurred where no crosswalk was
available.
Pedestrian crashes
 88% with sidewalks
 69% with hybrid beacon
 39% with medians
 29% with road conversions
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Safety

16. Slowing traffic improves safety for people walking
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90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20mph 30mph 40mph
Probability of pedestrian fatality
Speed
Safety

17. 17
Benefits: Health
The Centers for
Disease Control and
Prevention
recommend
adoption of
Complete Streets
policies as a
strategy to prevent
obesity

18. 18

19. 2014 CDC State Indicator Report
People who are physically active generally live
longer and have a lower risk for heart disease,
stroke, type 2 diabetes, depression, some
cancers, and obesity.
Environmental and policy strategies such as
…street-scale and community-scale design
policy can help increase physical activity
behavior among all Americans.
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20. 2014 CDC State Indicator Report
• Adults: 23% of adults report no leisure time physical
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activity
• Youth: 14% report no physical activity
“More work is needed to increase
opportunities for people to be physically
active in their communities and schools.
These supports may include state-level
guidance on physical activities policies in
schools, walking or biking to and from
school and complete streets policies.

21. 21
Health

22. 22

23. Benefits: Economic Development
Investments in bike/ped infrastructure
result in:
• Increase in property values
• Increase in sales tax
• Decrease in vacancy rates
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24. Benefits: Economic Development
Investments in bike/ped infrastructure
supports more bicycle businesses:
Number of bike retailers in Maine: 98
Number of Bike Shop Employees: 437
Annual Bicycle Sales: $40,400,000
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25. Benefits: Economic Development
Grows bicycle tourism
Annual economic impact
from bicycle tourism in:
• Wisconsin: $533 million
• Oregon: $400 million
• Iowa: $365 million
• Arizona: $88 million
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Vermont: $83 million

26. COST: Can we afford this?
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27. COST: Can we afford this?
“The reconstruction project will
create a new northbound entry to
the interstate at Exit 15 and create
spaces for more than 300 cars and
buses at a new park-and-ride lot…
State planners say the
improvements are needed to
make travel safer and reduce the
number of drivers who use Route
1 in Yarmouth to reach Exit 17…”
COST: >$8 million
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28. Benefit: Cost Saving per household
Americans spend 17% of their household incomes on
transportation:
• $3,210 on vehicle purchases
• $2,756 on fuel and oil
• $2,490 on miscellaneous expenses
Total: $8,220 per year (vs. $308 for a bike)
Cost of Congestion - Average American spends
the following sitting in traffic each year:
• 19 gallons of gas
• 38 hours of time
• $818.00
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29. Americans want choice in transportation
Princeton Survey to 1,003 adults (2012):
• 83% of Americans support maintaining
or increasing federal funding for biking
& walking
• Strong support regardless of politics,
religion, community, age, gender,
income, race & education
• 91% of 18-29 year olds support this
funding
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30. High Demand for bike/ped projects
2012 Maine Quality Communities Program (MDOT)
• 92 Communities asked for projects costing $45 million
• (only $2.3 m/year available through federal funds)
Bethel connecting to Crescent Park School
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31. Changing Trends:
• Americans are driving less. In 2004, the average
vehicle miles traveled by Americans peaked and it has
fallen every year since then.
• Among 16-34 year olds, car use dropped 23% between
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2001 and 2009.
• Fewer young people are getting their drivers
licenses. Between 2000 and 2010, the share of 14-34
year olds without a drivers license increased by 5
percentage points.
• Young people are choosing to bike and walk. In
2009, 16-34 year olds took 24% more bike trips and
16% more walking trips than in 2001.

32. People will walk or bike short distances!
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33. 33
Switch to Tom

34. USM Roundabouts
Complete Streets: Portland 34

35. USM Roundabouts
Complete Streets: Portland 35

36. Woodford’s Corner
Complete Streets: Portland 36

37. Congress Street Bus Corridor
Complete Streets: Portland 37

38. Main Street, Auburn – Now Complete
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 38

39. Passage of Policy: 2013
• Joint policy passed by Lewiston, Auburn Councils
• Policy overseen by Bike-Ped Committee with
members selected by Council, Mayors
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 39

40. National Recognition
• Recognized as 4th best policy in 2013 nationwide
• Joint policy across communities
• https://me-lewiston.civicplus.com/DocumentCenter/View/3285
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 40

41. Progress in the past year
• Restriping projects in both communities
• New striping with repaving
• Included in many street reconstruction projects
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 41

42. There’s a learning curve!
• A need to educate policy makers, staff
• There is no ‘one’ design
• There is no magic bullet
• Context is everything
• Some things are cheap – almost nothing is free
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 42

43. Start with ‘low hanging fruit’
• Wide streets with excess on-street
parking
• Use of signage and markings
for byways
• Finish connecting critical
infrastructure first
• Educate
• EDUCATE
• EDUCATE!!!
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 43

44. We still wanted more…
• More guidance
• Street typographies
• Rapid, low-cost solutions and strategies
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 44

45. So we’re getting some more!
• Obtained study funding
• Administered via MPO
• Bike-Ped Committee
will provide public input
• Prioritized
improvements
• Design Manual
customized for L-A
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 45

46. Thank you!
Complete Streets: Lewiston-Auburn 46

47. Maine and Complete Streets
Maine: MaineDOT adopted Complete Streets Policy (June 2014)
Maine Cities: Portland, Lewiston-Auburn, S. Portland, Bangor,
Westbrook, Caribou
Congress: US DOT’s proposed bill: “Safe Streets Act”: Would
ensure that all streets are designed, planned and built with all users
in mind
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48. MaineDOT’s policy:
http://www.maine.gov/mdot/completestreets/
The intent of this formalized policy…is to help ensure that all users
of Maine’s transportation system—our customers—including
bicyclists, pedestrians, people of all ages and abilities, transit users,
and motor vehicle users, have safe and efficient access to the
transportation system.
Applies to: planning, programming, design, rehabilitation,
maintenance and construction of state’s transportation system.
Address the needs of other users EARLY in the system planning
process.
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49. MaineDOT’s policy:
• Emphasis on treatments in village/business areas
• Exceptions: have to be documented by Program Manager as to why not
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included
• Paving: (preservation projects): won’t add shoulders at that point, but
may improve safety by restriping. “System preservation projects should
not decrease the safety for any road users.”
• Develop/update design and policy manuals
• Update training…to ensure that individuals involved in planning, scope
development, design, project development and building the
improvements have the tools, knowledge, and direction necessary to
successfully implement this policy.”
• Watchdog: Maine Bicycle and Pedestrian Council (volunteer group of
interested advocates) will review and recommend relevant policy
changes to MaineDOT

50. MaineDOT’s policy:
• Applies to state roads only
• We do NOT have a state law requiring
Complete Streets (17 other states do,
including MA, VT, RI, CT)
• 14,350 miles of roads in Maine NOT
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owned by MaineDOT

51. National Coalition of Complete Streets:
http://www.smartgrowthamerica.org/complete-streets
What your town can do today:
• Is one of your streets on MaineDOT’s 3 year
plan?
• Does your town have a bike/ped committee?
• What road projects are on your town’s project
list?
• Don’t take NO for an anwer!
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Other Resources:

52. Community Spokes Program
• We train and support community members that want to make their towns
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more bike/ped friendly
• We have 75 "Spokes” in 44 Maine cities or towns in all 16 counties in the
state.
• Spokes can help to develop a Complete Streets Policy in your town
• November 12 Training in Bangor

53. The Future of roads and
transportation in Maine
• Friendly to Aging Mainers
• Supportive of Active Transportation
• Walkable and Bikeable Communities
• Focused on Users’ Wants and Needs
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54. The Future of roads and
transportation in Maine and beyond
Sweden: Vision Zero Plan: Safety prioritized over speed
or convenience
Green Lane Project:
PROTECTED bike lanes: on-street lanes SEPARATED from
traffic.
Reduces conflict between different modes:
• Bicyclists feel safer
• Drivers like knowing where to expect riders
• Pedestrians report fewer bikes on the sidewalk.
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55. For more information:
Nancy Grant
Executive Director
Bicycle Coalition of Maine
nancy@bikemaine.org
www.bikemaine.org
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