1. HighLoad++ 2008
Moscow
Clusters with GlusterFS
Marian Marinov - mm@yuhu.biz
System Architect - Siteground.com
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008

2. Agenda
Cluster Filesystems
Some facts
Gluster Design
➢ kernel
➢ gluster engine
➢ protocols
➢ translators
➢ storage
➢ performance
➢ others
➢ schedulers
Some benchmarks
2
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 1/22d

3. Cluster Filesystems
3
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 2/22

4. Facts
GlusterFS project starts in August 2006
It is not actual Filesystem
Server only for Linux
Client running on Linux & FreeBSD
Very scallable
Very easy to install and maintain
4
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 3/22

5. GlusterFS Desgin
5
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 4/22

6. GFarm Desgin
6
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 5/22

7. Gluster Filesystem Design
In the kernel
➢ Requires FUSE
➢ FUSE as module
➢ GlusterFUSE
The engine
➢ Server & Client
➢ Transport Modules
➢ Translators
➢ Scheduler Modules
7
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 6/22

8. GlusterFS Desgin
8
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 7/22

9. GlusterFS Desgin
The picture explained:
ClientX:
volume serverX - defines a name for a remote server
subvolumes brick0 - defines in which of all exported volumes from
the remote server we are interested
some performance translators
volume unify - defines that we will use unify cluster translator
subvolumes serverX serverY - defines which already connected storage
volumes will be used
9
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 8/22

10. Gluster Filesystem Design
Transport Modules:
For TCP/IP transport
transport-type tcp/server
For Infiniband SDP transport
transport-type ib-sdp/server
For Infiniband Verbs transport
transport-type ib-verbs/server
10
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 9/22

11. Gluster Filesystem Design
The idea – GNU/Hurd
Translators
➢ Performance
➢ Clustering
➢ Scheduling
➢ Storage
➢ Others
11
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 10/22

12. Gluster Filesystem Design
Performance translators
➢ Read Ahead
➢ Write Behind
➢ Threaded I/O
➢ IO-Cache
➢ Stat Pre-fetch – still not ported to the new versions
➢ Booster
12
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 11/22

13. Gluster Filesystem Design
Clustering translators
➢ Stripe
➢ Unify
➢ AFR
13
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 12/22

14. Gluster Filesystem Design
Scheduling translators
➢ Adaptive Least Usage (ALU)
➢ Non-uniform filesystem architecture (NUFA)
➢ Random
➢ Rand-Robin
➢ Switch
14
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 13/22

15. Gluster Filesystem Design
Adaptive Least Usage (ALU)
➢ disk-usage
➢ read-usage
➢ write-usage
➢ open-files-usage
➢ disk-speed-usage
15
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 14/22

16. Gluster Filesystem Design
Non-uniform filesystem architecture (NUFA)
➢ local-volume-name
➢ limits.min-free-disk
Random
➢ limits.min-free-disk
Round-Robin
➢ limits.min-free-disk
➢ read-only-subvolumes
➢ refresh-interval
16
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 15/22

17. Gluster Filesystem Design
Switch
➢ switch.case *jpg:brick1,brick2;*mp3:brick3;*:brick4,brick5
➢ switch.read-only-subvolumes brick7
17
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 16/22

18. Gluster Filesystem Design
Other translators
➢ client
➢ server
➢ posix
➢ posix-locks
➢ bdb - very new
➢ rot-13
➢ trace
18
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 17/22

19. Gluster Filesystem Design
In the feature
➢ Live addition/removal of nodes
➢ Automatic File Reordering
➢ Web GUI
➢ mod_glusterfs
19
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 18/22

20. Gluster Design
20
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 19/22

21. Benchmarks
Aggregated Read Throughput Benchmark
Multiple dd utility were executed simultaneously with different block sizes
to read from GlusterFS filesystem.
4KB 16KB 128KB 256KB 512KB 1024KB
Lustre 1,796 MB/s 5,782 MB/s 20,423 MB/s 21,582 MB/s 22,789 MB/s 23,731 MB/s
GlusterFS 11,415 MB/s 11,424 MB/s 11,427 MB/s 11,419 MB/s 11,411 MB/s 11,409 MB/s
Aggregated Write Throughput Benchmark
Multiple dd utility were executed simultaneously with different block sizes
to write to GlusterFS filesystem.
4KB 16KB 128KB 256KB 512KB 1024KB
Lustre 969 MB/s 1,613 MB/s 1,988 MB/s 1,989 MB/s 1,984 MB/s 1,983 MB/s
GlusterFS 1,886 MB/s 2,191 MB/s 2,237 MB/s 2,231 MB/s 2,236 MB/s 2,223 MB/s
Note: Higher means faster.
21
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 20/22

22. Benchmarks
Apache Web Server Benchmark
Apache served 12039 files (595 MB) over HTTP protocol.
wget client fetched the files recursively.
Time
Lustre Failed after downloading 33 MB out of 585 MB in 11 mins.
GlusterFS 3 mins 11 secs
Archive Creation
'tar utility created an archive of 12039 files (595 MB) served through GlusterFS.
Time
Lustre 41 secs
GlusterFS 25 secs
Archive Extraction
Time
Lustre FAILED No space left on device.
GlusterFS 43 secs
Note: Lower means faster.
22
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 21/22

23. Sources of Information
Project's site:
http://www.gluster.org
Official GlusterFS documentation wiki:
http://www.gluster.org/docs/index.php/GlusterFS
On IRC:
irc.freenode.net #gluster
The mailing list:
gluster-devel@nongnu.org
23
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008 22/22

24. Clusters with GlusterFS
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ?? ? ? ?
? ? Questions ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 24
Moscow 06-07.Oct.2008