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Water pollution 2
1.
2. Two types of water subject to pollutionTwo types of water subject to pollution
Surface waterSurface water ––
rivers, lakes andrivers, lakes and
oceans.oceans.
Uses: drinking,Uses: drinking,
recreationalrecreational
[fishing, boating,[fishing, boating,
swimming].swimming].
GroundwaterGroundwater --
occurs beneath aoccurs beneath a
water table in soilswater table in soils
or rocks; subject toor rocks; subject to
pollution from toxicpollution from toxic
chemicals.chemicals.
Uses: drinking,Uses: drinking,
irrigation, etcirrigation, etc
3. Sources of Water PollutionSources of Water Pollution
Nature of sources of contamination:Nature of sources of contamination:
[[ PointPoint andand Non-pointNon-point ]]
4. Sources of Water PollutionSources of Water Pollution
Point sourcePoint source::
discharge into surfacedischarge into surface
waters at a specificwaters at a specific
location. [through alocation. [through a
pipe, outfall or ditch.]pipe, outfall or ditch.]
5. Sources of Water PollutionSources of Water Pollution
Non-pointNon-point: Indirect or: Indirect or
diffuse effect on waterdiffuse effect on water
[ N/B. more difficult to[ N/B. more difficult to
control ]control ]
e.g. agriculturale.g. agricultural
activities, urban run-offactivities, urban run-off
6. Specific sources of WaterSpecific sources of Water
Pollution:Pollution:
Harmful ChemicalsHarmful Chemicals
Oil washing, kitchen wastes and otherOil washing, kitchen wastes and other
waste from homes.waste from homes.
Agricultural PracticesAgricultural Practices
Sugar millsSugar mills
8. Effects of Human Activities on Bodies Of WaterEffects of Human Activities on Bodies Of Water
Humans impact the earth both directly and indirectly. OurHumans impact the earth both directly and indirectly. Our
mere presence on this planet, or the state of beingmere presence on this planet, or the state of being
“alive” and breathing produces carbon dioxide, a known“alive” and breathing produces carbon dioxide, a known
depletory of the ozone. Industrialization, production,depletory of the ozone. Industrialization, production,
agriculture, land-use practices, hydropower generation,agriculture, land-use practices, hydropower generation,
fossil fuel and nuclear power generation, disposal offossil fuel and nuclear power generation, disposal of
wastes, and our ever-lasting desire for consumption towastes, and our ever-lasting desire for consumption to
obtain more, whether it be material objects, or materialobtain more, whether it be material objects, or material
items is causing devastating impacts to our ecosystems,items is causing devastating impacts to our ecosystems,
and water sources. We use water for such tasks asand water sources. We use water for such tasks as
bathing to watering our garden, not to mention that itbathing to watering our garden, not to mention that it
composes nearly 70% of our body. It is for thesecomposes nearly 70% of our body. It is for these
reasons that we need to take careful steps to have thereasons that we need to take careful steps to have the
least impact on water quality.least impact on water quality.
9. Effects of Water PollutionEffects of Water Pollution
It increases the cost of our drinking water.It increases the cost of our drinking water.
It threatens our health and our neighbors mayIt threatens our health and our neighbors may
jeopardize our firm, factory or business.jeopardize our firm, factory or business.
It decreases the value of our propertyIt decreases the value of our property
It destroys commercial and game fishIt destroys commercial and game fish
It contaminates jellyfish and pushes up seafood prices.It contaminates jellyfish and pushes up seafood prices.
It poisons water flow and other domestic structures; andIt poisons water flow and other domestic structures; and
finallyfinally
Water pollution degrades the very quality of our totalWater pollution degrades the very quality of our total
environment.environment.
10. Red Tide MenaceRed Tide Menace
"Red Tide" is a common name for a"Red Tide" is a common name for a
phenomenon known as an algal bloom, anphenomenon known as an algal bloom, an
event in which estuarine, marine, or freshevent in which estuarine, marine, or fresh
water algae accumulate rapidly in the waterwater algae accumulate rapidly in the water
column, or "bloom".column, or "bloom".
Gastrointestinal Illnesses we can get whenGastrointestinal Illnesses we can get when
red tide occurs:red tide occurs:
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)
Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP)Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP)
Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP)Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP)
Ciguatera Fish PoisoningCiguatera Fish Poisoning
11. Effects of Red TideEffects of Red Tide
Health ImpactHealth Impact
Economic ImpactEconomic Impact
Enviromental ImpactEnviromental Impact
12. Government Actions Against Red tide MenaceGovernment Actions Against Red tide Menace
The National Red Tide Task ForceThe National Red Tide Task Force
(NRTTF) is mandated to monitor toxic red(NRTTF) is mandated to monitor toxic red
tides in our country. This is to protect thetides in our country. This is to protect the
public from the illness and death causedpublic from the illness and death caused
by the red tide toxin and also to mitigateby the red tide toxin and also to mitigate
its negative impact to the shellfishits negative impact to the shellfish
industry. A regular issuance of the redindustry. A regular issuance of the red
tide update is also being undertaken.tide update is also being undertaken.
13. Oil SpillOil Spill
AnAn oil spilloil spill is theis the
release of a liquidrelease of a liquid
petroleum hydrocarbonpetroleum hydrocarbon
into the environment,into the environment,
especially marine areas,especially marine areas,
due to human activity,due to human activity,
and is a form ofand is a form of
pollution. The term ispollution. The term is
usually applied to marineusually applied to marine
oil spills, where oil isoil spills, where oil is
released into the oceanreleased into the ocean
or coastal waters, butor coastal waters, but
spills may also occur onspills may also occur on
land.land.
14. Effects of Oil SpillEffects of Oil Spill
Spilled oil can harmSpilled oil can harm
living things because itsliving things because its
chemical constituentschemical constituents
are poisonous. This canare poisonous. This can
affect organisms bothaffect organisms both
from internal exposure tofrom internal exposure to
oil through ingestion oroil through ingestion or
inhalation and frominhalation and from
external exposureexternal exposure
through skin and eyethrough skin and eye
irritation.irritation.
15. Pollution of Philippine Rivers and LakesPollution of Philippine Rivers and Lakes
River Region
Marikina River
San Juan River
Parañaque River
Pasig River
National Capital Region (NCR)
Balili River Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
Meycauayan River
Marilao River
Bocaue River
Region III
Imus River
Ylang-Ylang River
Region IVA
Mogpog River
Calapan River
Region IVB
Malaguit River
Panique River
Region V
Iloilo River
Luyang River
Sapang Daku River
Cagayan De Oro River
Region
Region VII
Region X
16. Pollution of Philippine RiversPollution of Philippine Rivers
and Lakesand Lakes
Lake Location Area ( ha )
Laguna de Bay Laguna and Rizal 89,076
Lake Lanao Lanao Del Sur 34,000
Taal Lake Batangas 24,356
Lake Mainit Surigao del Norte –
Agusan
17,430
Naujan Lake Oriental Mindoro 7,899
Lake Buluan South Cotabato 6,134
Lake Bato Camarines Sur 3,792
Lake Pagusi Agusan 2,534
Lake Labas South Cotabato 2,141
Lake Lumao Agusan 168
17. Philippine Efforts to Clean thePhilippine Efforts to Clean the
WatersWaters
DENR ProgramsDENR Programs
Industrial Eco-watchIndustrial Eco-watch
Tap Watch programTap Watch program
The Beach Ecowatch programThe Beach Ecowatch program
Civic SocietyCivic Society
Sagip Pasig MovementSagip Pasig Movement
18.
19. FIRST QUIZFIRST QUIZ
1. Which of the following is NOT considered
an aquatic ecosystem?
a. Oceans b. Lakes c. Rivers d. Wetlands
e. None of the above; all are aquatic
ecosystems
2. The area of land from which a body of
water receives its water is called at…
a. Drainage basin b. Water drain c.
Watershed d. Precipitation reservoir
20. 3. Which of the following is the base of the food3. Which of the following is the base of the food
chain in an aquatic ecosystem?chain in an aquatic ecosystem?
a. Phytoplanktona. Phytoplankton b. Zooplanktonb. Zooplankton
c. Macroinvertebrates d. Small fishc. Macroinvertebrates d. Small fish
4. Which of the following would be an example of4. Which of the following would be an example of
Non-point Source pollution?Non-point Source pollution?
a. Photosynthesis due to sunlighta. Photosynthesis due to sunlight
b. The presence of zooplankton in a body ofb. The presence of zooplankton in a body of
waterwater
c. Discharge from an overwhelmed sewagec. Discharge from an overwhelmed sewage
treatment planttreatment plant
d. Topsoil erosion from farm fields into a riverd. Topsoil erosion from farm fields into a river
21. 5. Which of the following would be an example of Point-
source pollution?
a. Photosynthesis due to sunlight
b. The presence of zooplankton in a body of water
c. Discharge from an overwhelmed sewage treatment
plant
d. Topsoil erosion from farm fields into a river
6. Which of the following best describes eutrophication?
a. When PCBs collect in the sediment of a river
b. When lead concentrations in living tissue increase at
each level of the food chain
c. When high nutrient levels cause algae blooms that lower
dissolved oxygen
d. When photosynthetic organisms at the base of the food
22. 7. If a toxin is mutagenic, it may affect an
organism’s…
a. DNA b. Ability to reproduce c. Immune
System d. All of the above
8. Nitrates and phosphates are a problem
because…
a. They can biomagnify
b. They are mutagens
c. They increase oxygen levels in the water
d. They lead to eutrophication
23. 9. What is eutrophication?
a. The process in which water levels heat up,
lowering dissolved oxygen
b. The process in which dissolved oxygen levels
are lowered due to the overgrowth of algae
c. The process in which mutagenic compounds
lower the levels of dissolved oxygen in the
water
d. The process in which the population of fish
increases too quickly, lowering dissolved
oxygen
24. 10. Why would increased
algae populations lower
dissolved oxygen levels?
a. Algae prevents plants
under the water from
getting sunlight,
stopping photosynthesis
and oxygen production.
b.b. Algae consumes
oxygen when it
photosynthesizes
c.c. Algae consumes
oxygen when it
consumes dead
organisms
d. None of the above
25. SECOND QUIZSECOND QUIZ
TRUE OR FALSE.
Questions:
1.Most surface water interacts with underground
water source. Thus, if groundwater is
contaminated, connecting springs, streams, and
lakes may suffer the consequences as well.
2. Although the soil does filter out many
contaminants, it does not protect the groundwater
entirely.
26. 3. Groundwater moves very slowly through the
aquifers at a rate of only inches per day. Some
contaminants that reach the groundwater break
down slowly or not at all, and move slowly with the
water. Therefore, groundwater may contain these
contaminants for many years.
4. Although business and industry contribute to the
problems in the water, municipal, agricultural, and
household sources of contamination must be
recognized.
27. 5. Individuals can alter their lifestyles in some ways to5. Individuals can alter their lifestyles in some ways to
reduce their impact on water use and quality (recyclingreduce their impact on water use and quality (recycling
solid waste, water conservation). The government at allsolid waste, water conservation). The government at all
levels has a major responsibility to protect our waterlevels has a major responsibility to protect our water
supply but it is up to individuals to help solve thesupply but it is up to individuals to help solve the
problems.problems.
6.Many pollutants are odorless, tasteless, and colorless.6.Many pollutants are odorless, tasteless, and colorless.
If any are present, even boiling might not remove them.If any are present, even boiling might not remove them.
Testing by a laboratory is the best assurance of quality.Testing by a laboratory is the best assurance of quality.
State and federal laws require the testing of public waterState and federal laws require the testing of public water
supplies, but testing of private well is up to thesupplies, but testing of private well is up to the
homeowner. If your family uses a private well as ahomeowner. If your family uses a private well as a
source of household water, find out when the mostsource of household water, find out when the most
recent test was performed and what the resultsrecent test was performed and what the results
indicated.indicated.
5.
28. 7. When many animals are concentrated in7. When many animals are concentrated in
an area, such as a livestock yard, animalan area, such as a livestock yard, animal
wastes can be a problem if not properlywastes can be a problem if not properly
managed.managed.
8. In theory, we can always treat our water8. In theory, we can always treat our water
to make it drinkable. However, in realityto make it drinkable. However, in reality
there is a point reached where it can nothere is a point reached where it can no
longer be feasible or affordable to purify ourlonger be feasible or affordable to purify our
water. Prevention of contamination thoughwater. Prevention of contamination though
careful land use and education the publiccareful land use and education the public
can protect us from costly treatmentcan protect us from costly treatment
29. 9. Lawn fertilizer may increase the nitrate
level in groundwater and rain washes
nitrates into the soil.
10. Rural areas can have problems of
pesticide, fertilizer, and petroleum
contamination, as well as problems of water
shortages
![Two types of water subject to pollutionTwo types of water subject to pollution
Surface waterSurface water ––
rivers, lakes andrivers, lakes and
oceans.oceans.
Uses: drinking,Uses: drinking,
recreationalrecreational
[fishing, boating,[fishing, boating,
swimming].swimming].
GroundwaterGroundwater --
occurs beneath aoccurs beneath a
water table in soilswater table in soils
or rocks; subject toor rocks; subject to
pollution from toxicpollution from toxic
chemicals.chemicals.
Uses: drinking,Uses: drinking,
irrigation, etcirrigation, etc](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)