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1. Electrical Car/Vehicles

2. Introduction
 Electric cars are automobiles, which are powered
by
the electric engine and electric energy.
 The development of the electric vehicles is a very
perspective and important process.
 EVs, are vehicles that are powered by an electric
motor instead of an internal combustion engine.

3.  The history of the electric vehicle began in the mid-
19th century.
 1832: Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable
electric carriage.
 1835: Thomas Davenport builds the first practical
electric vehicle.
 1976: General Electric was chosen to construct a
parallel-hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid
car.
History of the Electric Vehicle

4. Components
 Motor
 Controller
 Charger
 DC/DC Converter
 Contactors
 Batteries

5.  Generally the Brushless DC Motor is used.
 Simpler to maintain, More durable, Smaller.
 85%–90% more efficient.
 Able to self-start.
Motor

6. Controller
 Control the BLDC motor.
 Increase efficiency, reliability and extended battery
life time.

7. Charger
 It contains a plug that connects electric vehicle
batteries to an electrical source, providing the
batteries with electrical energy.

8.  Recharges the battery through DC converter.
 The Iota DLS-55 is the most common option.
DC/DC Converter

9.  This is like a big ON switch, powering up the drive
circuit when we turn the key.
 The Nanfeng ZJW400A is an economical option,
or the Gigavac GX14 is a higher powered option.
Contactors

10. Batteries for the EV
 The batteries that are used for electric cars are
rechargeable.

12. Power from the Electric Motor
 An electric motor has power and in turn puts out a
force that is measured in torque.

13.  The basic equation for power is:
P = Tw (1)
 For a basic motor there are two parameters that can
help show how the motor works.
 Velocity function: P (w) = - (Ts / wn) w2 + Ts w (2)
 Torque function : P (w) = - (wn/ Ts) T2 + wnT (3)

14.  The electric motor controller takes the power from
the batteries and delivers it to the motor.

16. Various Electric Vehicle

17.  Reduce dependences on oil and
gasoline.
 Pollutants and noise free.
 Recyclable batteries.
 No fire hazards.
 Low maintenance and operation
cost.
Advantages

19. Conclusion
 With this, we come to following facts that number of
expected vehicles doubling on the roads in the near
future the need for this alternative energy is very
evident and has promising returns.
 Important to produce vehicles that do less, have a
longer range, and use less energy.
 Lower our toxic emissions and localize green house
effects.
 Increase the overall energy efficiency of cars.