GameDev 2017 - Анатолій Ландишев "AAA architecture in Unity3D"

1. AAA ARCHITECTURE IN Speaker: Anatolii Landyshev

2. • Founder, CTO of Patriotic Games • 6 years of experience in http://patriotic.games Anatolii Landyshev

3. Agenda • The goals of game architecture • Unity architecture analysis • Components vs Inheritance • Singletons and Encapsulation • Entity Component System (ECS) • Definition and advantages • ECS in Unity

5. Games vs Apps

6. Lots of real-time simulations on single screen

7. Look & feel Experience Fun

8. Content is over 50% of the game

9. Perfect Game Architecture • Flexible • Rapid prototyping • “No Engineer required”

11. The easiest architecture in Unity

12. The easiest architecture in Unity

13. Check Zombie Toys on Asset Store

15. Components instead of Inheritance

16. Introducing Space Wars

17. MonoBehaviour Player Spaceship AIPlayer HumanPlayer Scout Defender Cruiser

20. AIPlayer Defender Gun Composition over inheritance

21. AIPlayer Defender Gun Composition over inheritance

22. AIPlayer Player AI Render Health Team Defender Move Render Health Team Gun Components instead of inheritance

23. AIPlayer Player AI Render Health Team Defender Move Render Health Team Gun Components instead of inheritance

24. AIPlayer Player AI Render Health Team Gun Defender Move Render Health Team Gun Components instead of inheritance

25. Components instead of Inheritance Pros: flexibility Cons: !code-sharing

27. Singleton GameManager

28. Singleton GameManager breaks Encapsulation

29. Data Instructions Application

30. Data Instructions Application Code Variables Functions (Methods)

31. Variables + Functions = Procedural Programming

33. - the goal of OOP

34. Modularity Goals of OOP Scalability

35. Modularity Goals of OOP Scalability Encapsulation

36. What is an object?

39. Object-oriented program

40. Messages may read and modify state

41. Messages may read and modify state

42. Messages may read and modify state The moment objects are shared we lose Encapsulation

43. Only way to encapsulate objects = strict hierarchy of references/messages

44. Only way to encapsulate objects = strict hierarchy of references/messages

45. Use of singleton GameManager

46. Expectation Reality

47. Singleton GameManager Pros: simple Cons: non- modular code

48. What to use instead: strict hierarchy of references/messages? Pros: modularity Cons: lack of flexibility

49. What about cross-cutting concerns?

50. What about cross-cutting concerns?

51. Expectation Reality

52. What to use instead: strict hierarchy of references/messages? Pros: modularity Cons: lack of flexibility

53. Absence of structure is better than bad structure

54. Data Instructions Application

56. ECS is mainstream in MMO & AAA games

57. Unity Scene GameObject GameObject GameObject GameObject MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour Data Behaviour

58. Unity Scene GameObject GameObject GameObject GameObject MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour Data Behaviour Context Entity Entity Entity Entity Component Component Component Component Data ECS

59. Unity Scene GameObject GameObject GameObject GameObject MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour MonoBehaviour Data Behaviour Context Entity Entity Entity Entity Component Component Component Component Data ECS No Behaviour in Components!

61. OK, WHAT ABOUT LOGIC?

63. Systems chain of responsibility

64. Systems chain of responsibility

65. ECS advantages

66. • Testability

67. • Co-dependent logic

68. • Co-dependent logic

69. • Querying

70. OK, WHAT ABOUT PERFORMANCE?

71. OK, WHAT ABOUT PERFORMANCE? •Multithreading almost for free •Data locality

78. “Entity Systems are the future of MMOG development” Adam Martin (t-machine.org)

79. ECS frameworks for Unity • Entitas C# - https://github.com/sschmid/Entitas- CSharp • Artemis C# - https://github.com/thelinuxlich/artemis_CSharp • uFrame ECS – https://github.com/uFrame/ECS • EgoCS - https://github.com/andoowhy/EgoCS

80. ECS Framework for Unity tinyurl.com/entitas or search for ENTITAS UNITY on YouTube

81. Entitas advantages:

82. is open source github.com/sschmid/Entitas-CSharp

83. Entitas advantages: • It’s open-source

84. Excellent community & support

85. Entitas advantages: • It’s open-source • Excellent community & support

86. Entitas advantages: • It’s open-source • Excellent community & support • Code-sharing

87. Unity Visual Debug

88. Entitas advantages: • It’s open-source • Excellent community & support • Code-sharing • Special debug features for Unity

89. Entitas advantages: • It’s open-source • Excellent community & support • Code-sharing • Special debug features for Unity • Great performance

90. Unity vs Entitas Performance 1000 objects with 2 components

91. • Memory: 9x (2.9MB vs 0.32MB) • CPU: 17x (105ms vs 6ms) Unity vs Entitas Performance 1000 objects with 2 components

92. • reuses Entities • reuses Components • caches Groups • can index Components Entitas…

93. • Initialize Systems • Execute Systems • Reactive Systems • only processes changed entities Systems in Entitas

94. #madeWithEntitas

96. Questions?

GameDev 2017 - Анатолій Ландишев "AAA architecture in Unity3D"

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GameDev 2017 - Анатолій Ландишев "AAA architecture in Unity3D"