Manila Board of Realtors Geohazards

1. Geohazards – Faultline
(West Valley Fault line)
and
Project NOAH
Updates
Manila Board of Realtors
June 7, 2014, 1-5 pm
5th
Floor State Center Building
Juan Luna, Binondo Manila
Julius M. Bañgate
UP Diliman

2. Real Estate

Property consisting of land and the buildings on it,
along with its natural resources such as crops,
minerals, or water; immovable property of this nature;
an interest vested in this; (also) an item of real
property; (more generally) buildings or housing in
general.

The business of real estate; the profession of buying,
selling, or renting land, buildings or housing."[1]

3. Real Estate Broker

A real estate broker or real estate agent is a
person who acts as an intermediary between
sellers and buyers of real estate/real property
and attempts to find sellers who wish to sell and
buyers who wish to buy.

4. Realtor

(North America) A person or business that sells
or leases out real estate, acting as an agent for
the property owner.

5. Plate Tectonics

Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus,
from the Greek: τεκτονικός "pertaining to
building")[1]

a scientific theory that describes the large-scale
motion of Earth's lithosphere.

The model builds on the concept of
continental drift which was developed during
the first few decades of the 20th century.

The geoscientific community accepted the
theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading
were developed in the late 1950s and early

7. Play plate tectonics video

8. Pacific Ring of Fire

The Ring of Fire is an area where a large
number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean.

In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it
is associated with a nearly continuous series of
oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and
volcanic belts and/or plate movements.

It has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75%
of the world's active and dormant volcanoes.[1]
It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt
or the circum-Pacific seismic belt.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_of_Fire

9. Pacific Ring of Fire
http://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi-bin/archive.cgi?read=62180

10. Earthquakes

(also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is
the result of a sudden release of energy in the
Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity
of an area refers to the frequency, type and
size of earthquakes experienced over a period
of time.

11. http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/AQA/Restless
%20Earth/Earthquakes/EarthquakeBlockDiagram14.jpg

12. Earthquakes

Earthquakes are measured using observations
from seismometers. The moment magnitude is
the most common scale on which earthquakes
larger than approximately 5 are reported for the
entire globe.

The most recent large earthquake of magnitude
9.0 or larger was
9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan in 2011 (as
of March 2014), and it was the largest
Japanese earthquake since records began.

Intensity of shaking is measured on the
modified Mercalli scale. The shallower an

13. http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/en/Activities/image/earth-fig04.png

14. http://gb.fotolibra.com/images/previews/49
745-diagram-of-earthquake-
illustration.jpeg

15. Earthquakes

Earthquakes are measured using observations
from seismometers. The moment magnitude is
the most common scale on which earthquakes
larger than approximately 5 are reported for the
entire globe.

The most recent large earthquake of magnitude
9.0 or larger was
9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan in 2011 (as
of March 2014), and it was the largest
Japanese earthquake since records began.

Intensity of shaking is measured on the
modified Mercalli scale. The shallower an

17. Earthquakes

At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest
themselves by shaking and sometimes
displacement of the ground.

When the epicenter of a large earthquake is
located offshore, the seabed may be displaced
sufficiently to cause a tsunami.

Earthquakes can also trigger landslides, and
occasionally volcanic activity.

18. Global Plate Motion
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake#mediaviewer/File:Global_plate_motion_2
008-04-17.jpg

19. Earthquakes

Tectonic earthquakes occur anywhere in the
earth where there is sufficient stored elastic
strain energy to drive fracture propagation
along a fault plane.

The sides of a fault move past each other
smoothly and aseismically only if there are no
irregularities or asperities along the fault
surface that increase the frictional resistance.
Most fault surfaces do have such asperities and
this leads to a form of stick-slip behaviour.

20. Magnitude vs Intensity

Magnitude and Intensity measure different
characteristics of earthquakes.

Magnitude measures the energy released at
the source of the earthquake. Magnitude is
determined from measurements on
seismographs.

Intensity measures the strength of shaking
produced by the earthquake at a certain
location. Intensity is determined from effects on
people, human structures, and the natural
environment.

21. Magnitude vs Intensity
http://api.ning.com/files/COSWzsahr-
Ii0Ylu5O7mQaw4crXJkLkdtE7eNYRdaXIi8k2mOn9np4SAsntxG1MgBRCBwa6MfrLqmZTf4GymAz8zNzJKFULn/magn
itude_vs_intensity.jpg

22. Magnitude vs Intensity

23. Earthquake Fault Types

There are three main types of fault, all of which may cause an earthquake:
− normal,
− reverse (thrust) and
− strike-slip.
− Normal and reverse faulting are examples of dip-slip, where the displacement along the fault is in the
direction of dip and movement on them involves a vertical component. Normal faults occur mainly in
areas where the crust is being extended such as a divergent boundary. Reverse faults occur in areas
where the crust is being shortened such as at a convergent boundary. Strike-slip faults are steep
structures where the two sides of the fault slip horizontally past each other; transform boundaries are a
particular type of strike-slip fault. Many earthquakes are caused by movement on faults that have
components of both dip-slip and strike-slip; this is known as oblique slip.
Reverse faults, particularly those along
convergent plate boundaries are associated
with the most powerful earthquakes, including
almost all of those of magnitude 8 or more.
Strike-slip faults, particularly continental

24. Fault

In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or
discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which
there has been significant displacement along
the fractures as a result of earth movement.

Large faults within the Earth's crust result from
the action of plate tectonic forces, with the
largest forming the boundaries between the
plates, such as subduction zones or
transform faults. Energy release associated
with rapid movement on active faults is the
cause of most earthquakes.

25. Fault

A fault line is the surface trace of a fault, the
line of intersection between the fault plane and
the Earth's surface.

Since faults do not usually consist of a single,
clean fracture, geologists use the term fault
zone when referring to the zone of complex
deformation associated with the fault plane.

The two sides of a non-vertical fault are known
as the hanging wall and footwall. By definition,
the hanging wall occurs above the fault plane
and the footwall occurs below the fault.[2] This
terminology comes from mining: when working

27. Fault Types
http://i.livescience.com/images/i/00
0/053/361/original/fault-types.jpg?
1370030748s

28. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/bigphotos/images/08073
1-california-quake_big.jpg
http://sciencythoughts.blogspot.com/2013/05/earth
quake-off-coast-of-isla-vista.html

29. The great East Japan (Tohoku) 2011
earthquake

30. The great East Japan (Tohoku) 2011
earthquake
http://www.earthobservatory.sg/files/project/images/Tohoku2-
bloc_diagramme_japan_earthquakes.jpg

31. The great East Japan (Tohoku) 2011
earthquake
Schematic side view of the subduction zone and source of the earthquake of March 11th.
A tsunami was generated because the motion of the plates pushed and pulled on the
ocean floor.

32. The great East Japan (Tohoku) 2011
earthquake
Click image to view video

33. http://dc336.4shared.c
om/doc/ZaD__Vj5/prev
iew002.png

34. Bohol Earthquake
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-
DTDSs7CwbNU/Ul0YJhTJwcI/AAAAAAAAIA0/
HtJ3Y8hek6M/s1600/bohol+quake+2.jpg
The 2013 Bohol earthquake occurred on
October 15, 2013, at 8:12 a.m. (PST) in
Bohol, an island province located in
Central Visayas, Philippines.[6] The
magnitude of the earthquake at the
epicenter was recorded at Mw 7.2, located
6 kilometres (3.7 mi) SW of Sagbayan
town, at a depth of 12 kilometres (7.5 mi).
[1][7] It affected the whole Central Visayas
region, particularly Bohol and Cebu. The
quake was felt in the whole Visayas area
and as far as Masbate island in the north
and Cotabato provinces in southern
Mindanao.

35. Bohol Earthquake
http://quakesos.sosearthquakesvz.netdna-cdn.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/10/Intensity-MMI-Bohol1.jpg

36. Bohol Earthquake

37. Bohol Earthquake

38. The Marikina Valley Fault System

The Valley Fault System and formerly as the
Marikina Valley Fault System is a group of
dextral strike-slip[1] fault which extends from
San Mateo, Rizal to Taguig City on the south;
running through the cities of Makati, Marikina,
Parañaque, Pasig and Taguig.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marikina_Valley_Fault_System

39. The Marikina Valley Fault System

The fault possesses a threat
of a large scale earthquake
with a magnitude of 7 or
higher[3][4] within the
Manila Metropolitan area

with death toll predicted to
be as high as 35,000[3][4]

40. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-
aqyhlWa4dfs/Tk0hGdpVT
kI/AAAAAAAABNI/HTyQ
_l0KabE/s1600/West_Val
ley_Fault_System_hd.jpg
West Valley Fault System
Website ;)

42. Earthquake Scenarios

MMIERS STUDY

MMDA AUSAID STUDY

67. How to prepare for this

Comply with requirements imposed by relevant
agencies (Phivolcs, MGB, DENR, HLURB)

Compliance with provisions of the building
code.
− Observing the proper easements for fault lines (5
meters)
− Apply better methodologies in the design and
construction of earthquake resistant/proof
structures.
− Use of superior materials to ensure structural
integrity

68. Project Noah

Nationwide Operational Assessment of
Hazards (NOAH)

Under DOST

http://noah.dost.gov.ph/

69. Project Noah - Mission

Undertake disaster science research and
development, advance the use of cutting
edge technologies and recommend
innovative information services in
government's disaster prevention and
mitigation efforts.

Take a multi-disciplinary approach in
developing systems, tools, and other
technologies that could be operationalized
by government to help prevent and mitigate
disasters.

70. Project NOAH Components

Hydromet Sensors Development

DREAM-LIDAR 3-D Mapping Project

Flood NET-Flood Modeling Project

Hazards Information Media

Strategic Communication Intervention

Disaster Management using WebGIS

Enhancing Geo-hazards Mapping through
LIDAR

Doppler System Development

71. http://noah.dost.gov.ph/

72. http://dream.upd.edu.ph/

73. Project NOAH @Readysaster Hack for
Resilience and Philippine Tech Camp -
Hackathon

74. Project NOAH @
Readysaster Hack for Resilience

Organized in collaboration with Code for
Resilience, the World Bank Global Facility for
Disaster Reduction and Recovery, and Project
NOAH, and was made possible through
partnerships with Smart Developer Network,
Microsoft Philippines, Google Developer Group,
and WhenInManila.com, as well as the support
of Smart Bro, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf,
Mozilla Philippines, and Palet Express.

75. Mapsafe* will be launched on
June 9, 2014 via Project NOAH
& the World Bank
* a web based tool for disaster assessment and scenario analysis similar to
INASAFE shown above

76. Other Tools - OpenStreetMap

77. Other Tools – OSM Buildings