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Digital Natives, Digital Inmigrants


           by
            Marc Prensky
New students   N – Gen           D – Gen



               Digital Natives

  “Native Speakers” of the digital
  language of computer, video games
  and the Internet.
Generations that grow up with new
                    technology
Computers Video games Video cams
Digital Music players Cell phones
Computer games        Email
             The Internet




       Tools of the digital age
Today´s students are not
longer the people our
educational system was
designed to teach.
Digital technology   Big discontinuity

                     Singularity

                     Radical changes
Digital Inmigrants

People who were not born into the
 digital world, but who are fascinated
 by it and who have adopted some /
         most aspects the new
             technology.
A distinction        their “accent”


          They always retain their “digital
        inmigrant accent” because they
   are learning a new language later in
life which goes into a different part of

the brain.
Examples

• Digital Natives          • Digital immigrants
• Turn to the Internet     • Turn to the Internet
  for information in the     in the second place
  first place              • Read the manual for
• A program teaches          a program
  them how to use it       • Print their emails or
  by using it                have it print
• Read emails on the       • Print documents
  screen                     edit them in them
• Edit documents on        • Take people
  the screen                 physically to see
• Send people a URL          together an
                             interesting website
Problem in educaction

Digital immigrant instructors, who
speak the outdated language of
the pre- digital age, are struggling
to teach a population that speaks
an entirely ew language.
Digital Natives   Think and process
                   information
                   differently from
                   their predecessors

                  Their thinking
                   patterns ( and
                   probably their
                   brains ) have
                   changed
Digital Natives
- Receive information really fast
- Prefer graphics before texts
- Function best when networked
- Prefer games to “serious” work
- Have little patience for lectures,
step-by-step logic
- Have a library on their laptops
- Used to the instantaneity of hypertext
- Use instant messaging
Digital Inmigrants:

tend to have little
appreciation for these new
skills.
To confront this issue:
    It is necessary to
         reconsider
Methodology and Content
         In learning
Methodology
  Today´s teachers have to learn to
  communicate in the language and style
  of their students
Content   Two kinds   “Legacy”
                        content

                      “Future”
                        content
“Legacy” content
 The “traditional” curriculum: reading,
  writing, arithmetic, logical thinking
“Future” content = Digital / technological content
 Software, hardware, robotics, genomics,
   etc
                     PLUS
 ethics, politics, sociology, languages, etc
The result:

     “learning new stuff”

               and

“learning   new ways to do with
                             old
                stuff”
Adapt materials to
          the language of
          Digital Natives
Effort
is
needed

         Invent Digital Native
           methodologies for all
           subjects, at all levels

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Digital Natives vs Digital immigrants

  • 1. Digital Natives, Digital Inmigrants by Marc Prensky
  • 2. New students N – Gen D – Gen Digital Natives “Native Speakers” of the digital language of computer, video games and the Internet.
  • 3. Generations that grow up with new technology Computers Video games Video cams Digital Music players Cell phones Computer games Email The Internet Tools of the digital age
  • 4. Today´s students are not longer the people our educational system was designed to teach.
  • 5. Digital technology Big discontinuity Singularity Radical changes
  • 6. Digital Inmigrants People who were not born into the digital world, but who are fascinated by it and who have adopted some / most aspects the new technology.
  • 7. A distinction their “accent” They always retain their “digital inmigrant accent” because they are learning a new language later in life which goes into a different part of the brain.
  • 8. Examples • Digital Natives • Digital immigrants • Turn to the Internet • Turn to the Internet for information in the in the second place first place • Read the manual for • A program teaches a program them how to use it • Print their emails or by using it have it print • Read emails on the • Print documents screen edit them in them • Edit documents on • Take people the screen physically to see • Send people a URL together an interesting website
  • 9. Problem in educaction Digital immigrant instructors, who speak the outdated language of the pre- digital age, are struggling to teach a population that speaks an entirely ew language.
  • 10. Digital Natives Think and process information differently from their predecessors Their thinking patterns ( and probably their brains ) have changed
  • 11. Digital Natives - Receive information really fast - Prefer graphics before texts - Function best when networked - Prefer games to “serious” work - Have little patience for lectures, step-by-step logic - Have a library on their laptops - Used to the instantaneity of hypertext - Use instant messaging
  • 12. Digital Inmigrants: tend to have little appreciation for these new skills.
  • 13. To confront this issue: It is necessary to reconsider Methodology and Content In learning
  • 14. Methodology Today´s teachers have to learn to communicate in the language and style of their students
  • 15. Content Two kinds “Legacy” content “Future” content
  • 16. “Legacy” content The “traditional” curriculum: reading, writing, arithmetic, logical thinking
  • 17. “Future” content = Digital / technological content Software, hardware, robotics, genomics, etc PLUS ethics, politics, sociology, languages, etc
  • 18. The result: “learning new stuff” and “learning new ways to do with old stuff”
  • 19. Adapt materials to the language of Digital Natives Effort is needed Invent Digital Native methodologies for all subjects, at all levels