1. Infancy is the stage when personality, social attachments, thinking and language first take shape.
2. Childhood refers to the time or state of being a child, the early stage in development.
3. Development refers to the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur between birth and the end of adolescence.
4.16.24 21st Century Movements for Black Lives.pptx
Early Childhood Development Ages 0-12
1.
2.
3.
4. OFrom the Latin word “infans”-
without speech
Ofrom birth to age two, as a time of
beginnings.
OInfancy is when personality,
social attachments, thinking, and
language first take shape.
5.
6. ORefers to the time or state of
being a child, the early stage in
the existence or development of
something.
OConnotes a time of innocence,
where one is free from
responsibility but vulnerable to
forces in his environment.
8. refers to
the biological, psychological and
emotional changes that occur in
human beings between birth and
the end of adolescence, as the
individual progresses from
dependency to
increasing autonomy.
9. OHeredity
OFamily members, peer groups,
the school environment, and the
community influence
OBiological factors
OEconomic and political
institutions
OCritical life events
10. OFrom head to toe.
OFrom inner to outer .
OFrom simple to complex .
OFrom general to specific .
12. Children’s physical development can
be supported by:
Providing space and some
equipment for the development of
movement skills and motor skills and
adequate supervision
13. Children’s social development can be
supported by:
Giving praise for achievement
Giving them the chance to meet
and spend time with other children
and adults
Providing activities that involve
sharing and taking turns
14. Emotional development can be
supported:
By being warm and affectionate
towards them
Giving them the opportunity to
express how they feel
Making them feel secure and
valued
Giving children time and attention
to adjust to new situations
15. Children’s intellectual development
can be supported by:
Talking about what the child sees,
hears, smells, touches and tastes
Looking at and touching animals
and plants
Providing creative art/craft
activities
Providing make believe play by
having dressing up clothes, a
playhouse of pretend shop
16. Language development can
be supported by:
Discussing books, pictures,
objects or sounds
Asking children to recall
something from the past
Asking children to give information
about themselves
17.
18.
19. By 6 months a child will:
O Turn their head toward sounds
and movement
O Watch an adult's face when
feeding
O Smile at familiar faces and
voices
Physical Development
20. O Reach up to hold feet when
lying on their backs
O Look and reach for objects
O Hold and shake a rattle
O Put everything in their
mouths
21. Between 6 months and 1 year:
O Move from sitting with
support to sitting alone
O Roll over from their tummy to
their back
O Begin to creep, crawl or
shuffle on their bottom
O Pull on or push against adult
hands or furniture to reach a
standing position
22. Raises arms to be lifted
Turn and look up when they
hear their name
Pat and poke objects when
playing
Pass objects from hand to
hand
Look for things that have been
hidden or dropped
Reaches hand towards source
of food
23. Between one and two years:
O Begin to walk
O Sits alone indefinitely
O Feed themselves
O Push and pull toys while
walking
O Wave goodbye
O Point or make noises to
indicate wants
O Enjoy a picture book
24. O Shake head for 'No'
OBangs objects together
OCrawl upstairs
O Stoops to pick things up
from the floor
O Begins to show preference
for one hand
O Holds crayon in palm and
makes marks on paper
25. Between two and three
years:
O Kneels to play
O Throws
O Kicks ball
O Builds larger brick tower
O Pour liquids
O Uses pencil to make marks
and circular scribbles
26. 0 to 3 months:
O Responds to adults especially
mothers face and voice
O Smiles, concentrates on adults
face during feeding
O Very dependant on adults for
reassurance and comfort,
quietness when held and cuddled
Social and emotional
development
27. Between 6 and 9 months:
O Enjoys company of others and
games like peek-a-boo
O Shows affection to known
carer, but shy with strangers
28. Between one year and two
years:
O Likes to please adults and to
perform for an audience
O May become anxious or
distressed if separated from known
adults
O May use comfort object
O Mostly cooperative and can be
distracted from unwanted behavior
O Plays alongside other children
29. Between two and three
years:
O Developing sense of own
identity, wanting to do things for
self
O Demanding of adult attention,
jealous of attention given to others,
reluctant to share playthings or
adults attention
30. O Acts impulsively, requiring
needs to be met instantly, prone
to bursts of emotion tantrums
O Enjoys playing with adult or
older child who will give
attention, beginning to play with
others of own age for short
periods .
31. Between 0 and 3 years:
O Beginning to realize others are
separate beings from themselves
O Imitates others and tries out
ways of behaving in play
O Becoming more confident but
still needs adult reassurance
Intellectual Development
32. Between 0 and 3 months:
O Makes a variety of “happy”
sounds
O Will respond to a variety music
and other sounds
O Babies watch their carers face
especially the mouth and try to
copy its movements
Language Development
33. Between 6 and 12 months:
O Babbling sounds begin
O Baby will make four or five
different sounds and will turn
its head towards the source of
sounds
O Will show feelings by
squealing with pleasure or
crying
O Laugh and chuckle to show
enjoyment
34. OBetween one and two
years:
O Move from using single words to
putting them together as a phrase
O A child will understand key
words in the sentences used
O In the second year children start
to understand the use of
conversation and begin to copy
carers
36. Between two and three
years:
O Put words together into a
sentence
O Begin to ask questions what?
Why? etc
O Can join in well know songs or
verses and put actions to words
O They could be using several
hundred words by their 3rd
birthday
O Can scribble and make marks
37.
38. Three years:
O Jumps with feet together
O Walks on tip toes
O Walks up and down stairs
Normal physical development:
3-7 years
39. O Catches a gently thrown
ball
O Climbs with increasing
confidence
O Paints
O Threads beads on a lace
O Gains control over eating
tools
40. Four years:
O Pedals
O Throws with aim
O Uses scissors
O Holds a pencil and can
draw people/houses
41. Five years:
O Hops
O Kicks with aim
O Catches ball
O Handles pencil with control
O Copy shapes and write
some letters
O Sews stitches
42. Six to seven:
O Skips
O Rides bicycle
O Jumps from height
O Climbs confidently
O Writes
O Threads needle
O Can do buttons, shoe laces
43. Three to four years:
O Becoming more
independent and self
motivated
O Feels more secure and able
to cope with unfamiliar
surroundings and adults for
periods of time
Social and Emotional
Development
44. O Becoming more cooperative
with adults and likes to help
O Sociable and friendly with
others, plays with children and
more able to share
O Beginning to consider the
needs of others and to show
concern for others
45. Four to seven years:
O Makes friends but may need
help in resolving disputes
O Enjoys helping others and
taking responsibility
O Learns lots about the world and
how it works, and about people
and relationships
46. O Makes friends (often short-
term) and plays group games
O Needs structure and a
routine to feel safe
O When behavior is ‘over the
top’, they need limits to be set
47. Three to four-years:
O Understand two or three
simple things to do at once
O Sort objects by size, and type
Intellectual Development
48. Five to seven years:
O Begin to understand about
sameness and difference in
various aspects of life
O They can begin to see
different perspectives on the
same subject
49. Three to four years:
O Start to use pitch and tone
O Vocabulary extends towards
1000-1500 words
O Marks made with crayons
become more controlled
Language Development
50. Four to five years:
O Grammar is becoming more
accurate
O Children’s questions become
more complex
O More able to use language to
communicate their own ideas
51. O Understand that books are a
source of pleasure and use
pictures to help them follow the
story
O May begin to recognize their
own name and a few frequently
seen written words
O They can hold a pencil steadily
and copy shapes and form some
lettering
52. Five to seven years:
O Fluent speaker able to make
up stories
O Can handle books well
O Recognize an increasing
number of letters linking them to
sounds
53.
54. OPlay and imagination are still
important developmental tools
OA child may enter puberty early
OGirls may experience growth spurt
O Enjoy playing team games by age
eight
OMay misjudge their ability before
age nine
Physical Development:
7-12 Years old
55. O Becoming less dependent on
close adults for support – able to
cope with wider environment
O Enjoys being in groups of other
children of similar age, strongly
influenced by peer group
O Becoming more aware of own
gender
Social and emotional
development
56. O Want to fit in with peer group
rules
O Start to form closer friendships at
about eight years old
O like to play with same-sex friends
O Need adult help to sort out
arguments and disagreements in
play
O Can be arrogant and bossy or
shy and uncertain
57. O Will read to themselves
O Will take a lively interest in
certain subjects by nine
Intellectual development
58. O Vocabulary will grow if adults
introduce new words and new ways
of using language
O Speak fluently and describe
complicated happenings
O Read out loud
O Know the different tenses and
grammar
Language development
59.
60.
61.
62. Oearly childhood (ages two to six)
is when language revolutionizes
children’s thinking,
remembering, and
understanding of emotions, self,
and the social world.
63. ODuring middle childhood, from
about ages 6 to 12, children
acquire heightened capacities for
judgment, reasoning, social
understanding, emotion
management, and self-awareness
OAt the same time, the social world
of middle childhood broadens
beyond the family to include the
school, neighborhood, peer group,
and other influences.
64. IDENTIFICATION:
1. _____ is the stage when personality,
social attachments, thinking and
language first take shape.
2. _____refers to the time or state of being
a child, the early stage in the existence
or development of something.
3. _____refers to the biological,
psychological and emotional changes
that occur in human beings between
birth and in the end of adolescence.
65. Identify the Areas of Development:
4.Providing material and equipment
for the improvement of fine motor
skills.
5.Providing activities that involve
sharing and taking turns.
6. Asking children to give information
about themselves.
66. Identify what age range:
7. Babbling sounds begin
8. Roll over from their tummy to their
back.
9. Smiles concentrates on adults face
during feeding.
10. Begins to ask questions what, why,
etc.
Notes de l'éditeur
Although birth is the culmination of months of prenatal development, people commonly regard infancy,
In two short years, the helpless newborn grows into a toddler with an impressive range of physical, cognitive, and social skills.
childhood is non-specific and can imply a varying range of years in human development. Developmentally and biologically, it refers to the period between infancy and adulthood. In common terms, childhood is considered to start from birth. Some consider that childhood, as a concept of play and innocence, ends at adolescence.
From head to toe. Beginning at the top of the body and gradually moving downwards
From inner to outer. Firstly gaining control of muscles close to the trunk/head and then moving outwards so the large muscles in the shoulders and upper arms/thighs are first and the extremities last
From simple to complex; children progress from simple words to complex sentences
From general to specific; emotional responses involve the whole body in young babies but may involve only the face in an older child
It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually to know that all areas of development are equally as important as each other, and that all impact on one another.
It includes movement skills, gross motor skills, fine motor skills and eye hand co-ordination.
includes forming relationships, learning social skills, caring for others, self reliance, making decisions, developing self confidence and dealing with emotions.
includes attention span, understanding information, reasoning, developing memory, logical thinking and questioning.
As children mature changes in the ways they think about their world can have a profound effect on their ability to cope with the demands of school and daily life. Their ability to process greater amounts of complex information gives them the opportunity to learn new skills and gain new knowledge.
includes understanding and acquiring language, developing vocabulary and body language.
5.a. Gently hold me while talking in sweet encouraging tones.
b. Call me by name and make eye contact.
6.a. Don’t leave me alone crying and give me the impression
that no one cares for me.
7.a. Gently rub my back
b. Sing to me.
c. Play music for me or bounce me gently to music.
d. I am sensitive to sound so keep music low.
e.g. ‘Fetch a glass of water, give it to your brother and take the empty glass back to the kitchen’
e.g. animals, or by color or shape
1. They begin to understand that differences can exist side by side
2. for example the same amount of water can look different in different containers
Average height: 45-58”
Average weight: 45-85 lbs.
1. Run, jump, skip, hit a ball, climb and swing
Early childhood follows the infancy stage and begins with toddlerhood when the child begins speaking or taking steps independently.
at this stage children are learning through observing, experimenting and communicating with others.
According to the National Association for the Education of Young Children, early childhood spans the human life from birth to age eight.