western philosopher of education

1. Western Philosopher of education
Presentation by Kumar Abhinav 1
Jean Jacques Rousseau Maria Montessori

2. INTRODUCTION
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•Born in 1712, Geneva
•Poor Family
•Interested in reading
books at 12 to 29 age
•Vagabond (moving one
to another place)
•Wrote many books
-Emile (story of
imaginary boy named
emile)

3. Rousseau as philosopher
• Great philosopher
• Naturalist
Thought
• Nature is good until it doesn’t
reach in hand of man.
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4. Rousseau’s
Educational
Philosophy
Meaning of
Education
Aims of
Education
Types of
Education
Curriculum
Methods
of
Teaching
Discipline
Women’s
Education
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5. Meaning of Education
• Education is the development of the child’s
natural power and abilities.
• 3 Sources of Education
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Man
Things
Nature

6. Aims of Education
• Physical DevelopmentInfancy (birth to 5
yrs)
• Development of sense organsChildhood(5 to
12yrs)
• Development of power of
understanding
Boyhood(12 to
15yrs)
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• Development of emotional,
moral,religious
Adolescene(15 to
20yrs)

7. 7
Types of Education
Positive Education Negative Education

8. Curriculum
Infancy
• No curriculum
• Only physical
development
Childhood
• Learn from
experiences &
own actions
Boyhood
• Maths
• Language
• Physical
science
• Drawing
• Carpentary
• Scientific
instrument
Adolescence
• religious
• Moral
activities
• Occupation
• Sex education
• Aesthetics
• History
• Physical
education
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9. 9
Methods
of
teaching
Avoidance
of books
Heuristic
attitude
Against
rote
memory
Child-
centred
education

10. Discipline
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11. 11
Women’s education
Domestic works
Housekeeping, sewing, cutting ,
embroiding , lace making, house
decorating,etc
Physical
Edu.,Religious,Morality

12. Conclusion
• Rousseau was a great philosopher of his times.
His philosophy has exerted a great influence
on education. Many of the modern methods of
teaching like the Heuristic Method, Sensory
Training, etc., are products of his philosophy.
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13. INTRODUCTION
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•Born in Italy, 1870
•Master of Doctor (MD)-University of Rome in
1896
•Took charge of feeble-minded children
•feeble-minded children= dullness of senses
•Montessori method

14. Educational Philosophy
1.Meaning
of
Education
2.Principles
of Education
3.Aims of
Education
4.Methods of Teaching
5.Discipline
6.Teacher
7.School 14

15. Meaning of Education
• The education helps to bring out the inner
individuality of the children.
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16. Principles of Education
• It helps to
unfold his
individuality
&personality
Development of
individuality
• To develop
individuality
in natural
&spontaneous
manner
Freedom
• No
interference
with
teacher
Self
education
• Proper
physical
training to
become self
dependent
Muscular
training
• Sensory
organs are
‘gateway of
knowledge’
Sensory
training
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17. Aims of Education
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Development of Physical(body) &
Intellectual(knowledge)
Development of individuality(Inner
personality)

18. Motor
Education
Sensory
Education
Language
Education

19. Discipline
• Complete Freedom
• Discipline can’t be stop from outside.
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20. Teacher
• No Interference in children activities
• Teacher should provide the opportunity for
development of Children’s personality.
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21. School
• Montessori developed a school named ‘Children’s
house’. In this school, several rooms and garden were
there. Students had to take care of garden , play, study
and rest there. It designed such that children can develop
their personality .It was set as like residential /family
home (furniture, domestic materials etc ) to develop
domestic duties. Many things were there like ‘Didactic
apparatus’, Gym, common room, lunch room,
laboratories, room for manual work
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22. Didactic Apparatus
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23. Conclusion
• The system of education introduced by Maria
Montessori has been praised by several
educationists. It has brought about a change in
the traditional perspective of education. This
system is now widely popular in many parts of
the world.
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