Everything related to Upper Central Incisor is explained. From the functions, chronology and aspects of the tooth completely anatomically. In addition to the shape of the pulp and its structural anatomy

1. Upper Central Incisors
By:
Dr: Omar Abdelsalam

2. Functions
Food cutting
Play an
important
role in
Phonetics
and speech
Maintain a
good
esthetics
Guide the
mandible
posteriorly
during the
final phase
of closing

3. Chronology
First
Evidence of
Calcification
3-4 months
Enamel
Completed
4-5 years
Eruption
7-8 years
Root
completed
10 years

4. 5
Aspects
Labial
Lingual
Mesial
Distal
Incisal

5. 1- Labial aspect
• Trapezoidal ( ‫منحرف‬ ‫)شبه‬
• M. outline : slight convex
• D. outline : more convex
• I. outline : straight
• MesioIncisal angle : sharp
• DistoInscisal angle : rounded
• Cervical line : convex root wise
Labial surface
• Smooth – Convex – Flat
• 3 Mamelons
Root
• Cone shaped – Blunt apex

6. 2- Lingual aspect
• The root & crown are TAPER lingually .
• Cross section of the root at cervix : triangular with ROUNDED
ANGLES and its base at labial outline .
• ELEVATIONS :-
1. Cingulum
2. Mesial marginal ridge
3. Distal marginal ridge
4. Incisal ridge
• DEPRESSIONS :-
1. Lingual fossa ( triangular or M shaped )

7. 3- Mesial aspect
• Triangle : ( Base : cervix ) ( Apex : incisal ridge )
• La. Outline : convex
• La. & Li. Crest of curvature ( ‫أ‬
‫عرض‬
‫حتة‬ ) : in Central of cervical third
• Li. Outline :
1. Convex at cervical third
2. Concave in middle
3. Slight convex at incisal third
• Cervical line : Concave root wise 3.5mm
• Li. Outline of root : straighter than La. Outline
• Apex of root : rounded

8. 4- Distal aspect
Like mesial
But
• Cervical line : shallower (2.5mm)
• Crown appears thicker
• Contact area : higher

9. 5-Incisal aspect
• La. Outline : flat
• Li. Outline : tapered lingually
• Incisal edge is nearly in the center of this aspect labiolingualy
• M.D. dimension is greater than La.li.
• Cingulum makes up cervical portion of Li surface
• Li. Fossa is surrounded by :
1. Cingulum
2. M.M.R (mesial marginal ridge)
3. D.M.R (distal marginal ridge)
4. I.R (incisal ridge)

10. Pulp cavity
Single root
• From La. Or Li. aspect (mesiodistal): pulp chamber trapezoidal &
3 pulp horns
• From M. or D. aspect (labiolingual) : pulp chamber triangle & one
apical foramen & 1 pulp horn .
• Cross section of root :
1. At cervix : Triangular Labially wide
2. At mid-root : rounded

11. • Lobes : 4 lobes ( 3 La. ( mamelons) & 1 Li. ( cingulum ) )
• Anomilies of central incisors :
1. Short root
2. Long crown