Analyzing Paradigmatic Changes in International Relations Through Historical Case Studies

! " #$%&'( )! " #$%&'( )! " #$%&'( )! " #$%&'( )
!" # $ %
&

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 118 -
.
!" # $%&' ()# $
# #*' +& , -. ,/! %01 20 3 4 5 2 () 67 80. # 39
0 5:;/<( =;/# ! '& !" - > ?@ <'AB3 A * C. DE
' C> F +9F#'G4 !H 80. I J K#L' M7 1
N '& = #8O P *'Q R '?# J / 2 .
#+ S '%T()T U '% ?# U 2 V W. > X A K A A :T !" # < 2
9!" # $%&' () Y#A Z ?# + [/) O.9
> () 67 F +A +@: ]A )9D Z/
J / 2 .-. +& /! %0. $ ^A _: . !" # $%&' () ` X _: .
/' a. ?# . b. [/)T/) c )' = () 67 Zd Z e <'f /& +A g '
e 5 cd 'f $%&A = /& ?# Z
3H 5:0 2A O 5h = i 2 T #jf1 67 J;;< `k %' _:
!" (0 B)<l'A/' D ! A J - J(0 . , 2A = c )'9
!" () 2 2O 'm n /) c )' 5:/O o . /#d p O J9
5 cd 5qd $()' 5 2K)[' 5. ` r;B<( =;] 0 P f f1 "s
' 5 : /t P () F#'u N v 20 ` 39]0 w n0 /Hans
MorgenthauB' (0 ?# <' "]Z ! /t D1 *# B# # 6$%&A = + f"+ !
Q d095E g ' 5 + 5. Kx < n < g >! i f ! y 3 <
D n ! # 2 2 'mR . Iz O = W:b"%
Z LLong Peacen w n 5 3 $ 'John Lewis Gaddis9
Z &]T f T J Z+ 5 <')T 5 C T 5 ()T { @! f T 0 0 2 f T
+& ,/! %0. , -1 20 3 = g Z +' (0 % T f T# #*',/) f
| * f T 0"2 8 c )' } J $%&' = ~ ! Z+d • ^ J ,/)+€ ` #O _: ` C #
] ] & • !" = $ ^A J9) z L s f 3 ‚ !" ()<
Braining MapS"m J ƒJ / 2 2 T T *'
U m.9

/-
- 119 -
c )' ?# I ! U 4 !" = () Zd . „ o … J N##† J ~ ‡ ) 5.
()T Z 2'%<#9W: K%* / O ) % !" ()Z 2'%<# q )'A
l .9J … ' ~f )' ˆ X ‰ f = 0 + Š I"2)A I ! A = ( ‹ A (0 /
= #]<'T /&Œ t /' qA `"m•FCc )' $%&'9FC = J<+A !" (0 </<
= p* A W: …2 $%&AY 7 6$ Â &9() ) L A 5. z:;R 8 FC ?# ";
) *' J * ) z CI : & !" L 20 " #
Z 2'%<# c )' J /)+€ 2 L9D Z ! '& #2' () Z3 5. ˆ Ž;
~ & 7 K%O;( $%&A = #@ (09j )A () 5 +A +Predictive Theory
*'# M ) Z #*' ?# Š A 5. ^ )M +& ~%) 5 <l $%&A ?# <' J
M Œ 29
= J ()T Zd 5. $wl& /) c )';>! =;() ` X _:51
+f <' + d' !" f f. !"9J • ) L' • c )' = C ‡ )
3 + % Z #8'T Y#A < f ! ' $w | O.Z]•R dA w Z Œ G g AMikhaïl
GorbatchevZ] i N f % C P % = L#%•N%'# nBoris Yaltcin
NA $‘ "Vladimir Putin999’F )x K 7T "m 5 8' 5 +& * C. J 7Brezhnev
Doctrine% T 2' T “ T J !"L0 n M.;) ) #9
[ '0 _: ` C J ))+€ p* Z” #2' () + . F#'GT *% f
?/'0 ! ˆ X -: J • A 0 + 1 & 67 5. &9A g ';/<( =;K A
J /' 2 . T *'9$ Â . " A y 3: K#L' M7 1
A /&T +& -. /! %0. U '% ?#9M cA g b () U '% ?# f f. $ Â ‡ )/
!" (0 U '% ?# $ Â _: <'OParadigmatic Changes9
J+ </F +A U , 2A > L'%0> !" (0
= #]<'T•g b ()# #+ S *'= U 2 C ) > X A K A A : …W = *'
!" # < 2 ()T U '% ?# *' !"9
#+ S *' U '% ?#'@ B' () Y+&A P % D y ?#* .
–Œ 2) • I - = U ' (0 J (0 Z9$^' ?# Š i Š' ! „ L
L2 Œ )] b (0 B#]‘ M7 U 2 5X A b (0 ?# — &*# +% 298O J+$^' 5. Z

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 120 -
P % D _: U . M7 3 _: 8'! 2 U '% ?#"'m | O. g '
+% 2 $^' n g b () 5X '9Š' (0 B : 2'&A < 2) Fd M7 $^'
U 2 5X A ` C. !9<g b () $ Â = Z #*' O #< . 5.$% J Z •
g b () ˜ M 7i $ ^' | O & 'f 39?# c B0. T - Š' Bl $ Â
6$ Â n L2 Œ )] b (0 <'f9<'f" (0 U 2 5X A ` O B' ()D: $ ^'# n
,Œ 2 > ?# ( † A •A (09
$ ^' R ' A ! () /) < f *# !" (0 5. T -
Z Œ G Š ' % 3 s f % B 3 A : 5E )2 $%&A /%&) • ` *'
R dA w! d 2';() 67S $ O. ™ ^9D : ?# ` 1 80
?# *' 67 /' A P #% f + 0 $q' ` O L2 Œ )] b (0 D
T !" # ) 'f97m. z: : ?Aq' J *' 67S ˆ 2 ,/& 5E Y 7
' N 2'f F +' U ! $ ^' U ! J Z !" (),I (0 5 +A 7Œ )
#C $Â -9
A ? 8 )0. ` 2 J+‘Z #*' . • ` X [ '0 !" = $()
I O Z #*' '% • 1 – #2A 2 %T Zt = /) < f9P *'
() 2T š )T /'i . I : . / : J+‘ B3 A#2'9
A P 1 !" = Z # O ` b F ŠA T $qA 5:
< #!H <()T %fcT Q >#LlA3 )+' ]›] ] 3 Tœ# T ?# <Œ 2
* C. ` 'T <' F ]+A ` 8A3 Z # . š ) < & + ! %0. K#L'A
• O 2#L) J B#< !" = $()'#Y#A - ?@ <'A
*'()T Z 2'%T = U m. A J /) KA '9
-( 01 2!" # 3 4 ( 5.
*'T N <( NA 2 N 2 2O # [ '0 % D 0 2
B' () P % = ! n&0 = <#f $ ^' W: P % + 1
'@9'0$ 8'0 5 '@ +% T = <#% ` *' O 5 y /
• N T J 1 ,#% nf. y f : ?# • Z • P !" # !"m1 ()#
f # <#% ‰ L 8 Š)8 d0 5 #9?# J •
B # ( † 5q b () 7 80. y !"m1 ()# ,Œ 2 g b ()# #+ S *' n +A

/-
- 121 -
- 2‘ y f : 5 %0H ‰ 2O b 'O ?# F! 'A9g 5 0 2 = 8 • “
H g 5 0 2 B) < f b• %09= 1 v ž 3 ~ f1 + 1 n Œ Y z J • !
= ‹ ^0 + b . B Lm•<' f"Œ !•Ÿy X: ] . ƒ 8 3 T b (0 _: >#L'0 )0:
. H /'•_: >#L'0 )0: b"% Z3. J % = ) . ] . !: = ) 3
~ 2 = 'dT I c%4 , 1 B R ' A ^ @ J 5 0 2 6 %9
` #< T – < .Process of ChangeT B ,'I N J 5. ` 2 J+<
= %fcT <'¡ N Z <' 3 )AŠ & ?# Z< A & + )'T &#'GT ¢
O ,+O …<) m 5 +A O T +O !: Z3. J %fcT <'¡ 67967 =
#<)%01 T 5 '2A!" # M T ()T ) yX: r C Dq9: g '
J%# …0 Z 0 ‘: ]T y O: p9‰"m1 W: K%* 2 n T 8 5. ˆ Ž
Y 79D J () R 8 5 %0H ‰ 2O T _: T 80. `"m J * Y z ?#['
+ 1 j dT X - ?# T9$m /# % TJ d $s J š Š W: @ /# %
1 2“ % S < Š S ‰"m9
T • T ><'¡ ‡ @: 1 K3 ' T ,+ #f. Z &A Z3. J*
>)C #< =
2 z £9T + . T ,+ #f. B3 5. >! ' 5. $w$ A & = J<+ M *'
< ()' B'#+ Z +dA J T • T ><'¡ J+€ P ¤ Z %9= +&# %•
F . J ] . ‡ ) X + <()T #m ¥ Z S /3 = T • T ><'¡
›œO $w <()` = f f. /- d0 *<' O 1 <¡ U '% ?# +
p ]9+ $w <()T 67 4 T • T ><'¡?<% n +A Z f = K)3 _: )3 Z<
M T 6 •" ?¥1 R S P T +, `"m J Y z5 0 2# T • T ><'¡
* <‚ # & Š 0 + h = B]‚ !" = 5 %0H ‰ 2 6 LA • %0H g
*#%T Š)T !"m1 K ! = K8A /#6 • R . –Œ 8¦ f f. L A T
!" # M T9(0 & f % FC _: • # A %fcT • K 7A Z
T +O _: 2'9
6 z ~ f > X T?@ <'' T t IX . 3 0 0 ! ! ‡ ) 5. o
f ' T R .) 5 0 2 J Z •5 T . §S9! &A = N)2'# S¨ • 5 f z:
+ 1 *'T /f. ?# U•+ U 2 w K%O Q < 7 0 ƒ 8A9J<+ )
• 0 2 B2@ = M T 6 •" % Œ { < g 5 0 2 ?# T $q' • 1 Ls90 25

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 122 -
!" # & l ) Z]‘ ƒ C. g© 8 s …2 b G'% y !1 >)C J 5 0 ! B01
y & l %O ?# y c9& l ` 2 ` N S { %A Y z J š') Ž`"^'f X
5 %0H B m1 5 %0H9% Œ ,+*'T 5. ˆ 72 ` # )- *#8T !" =
d ?<% y Lw9
g 5 0 2 5 +;8 67Q;2 S J ª . O _: 2'& B' 2 !
B +O. 0 C B%f. 6 ! b 'O J<lA A79= 6 d0 <D;
2 2 =;g 5 0 2 “ ! 8 P d# « C X •9f Ž = Y z X•
+ 1 *'T;v + ž 3 n Œ ¬ / 5 : < f›;œ/' f %
P ` d 2 b G'f$8 2A = d ~O . T 2 /# 2'% y ) ? %A
` % B0 = # Œ fH 5 +# @ T /< A/) < f•NL%#f
5 )91 ‰ ] B !. M7 • 0 2 b () ‰ &mE 2 + 1 g B2& ƒ C. Y z Z ‰ Z,
!" = 2 ` < 'f (O ` ¢ = *'Tb . & b Zd& 7S 6 !H %fc
! T ` # M 8' = • 0 2 b () 7Gore States5 %0H ‰ 2 +/')T - < T
Q @9
U '% ?# *' ~# ' < .T g b () = 2 C ) > X A K A A :
3 )+' 8'! NA 2 ?# f f. ˜ M7!" H +% 2 ` < 'f J
2# )A 8'! 2# ,t A Z 2 $m1 67 3 A ‡ ) | O p O3 )+'
o )0E;#<;b 2'T M 2 FC U 2 67 J { 0 M. Y#‘ J 5.9FC 2'& M7 .
F#G'T F l9- 2‘ 5 %0H ‰ 2‚ ˜^'A P U•+ ` ?# +O U ! /
%T>! ® . ?# /2 LA /)+51, ( A T / 8 ~ 2 U f -H 7 = /</
I !!" )%0q g A9
?# *' 67 $qA U , 2A J+< g b ()# < 2 ()T U '% ?# .
2 LA (0 !" # M T 6 •9' A p O (0r C = - 2‘ d0 q% •
!" )%0. n +A ¯9` *' b"% Q #8'T , &T F#'u - 2‘ Z+dA z:
b = …0 Z 0 ‘H ,Œ b"% š 0 J 2] ) t N - 2‘> F]+ Z+d X
D$%&A J " • # - 2‘ R -: = n %0 ?#
2 f f ?# ) T !96 • b /&4 Z d b"% d) /<T Z % 5 + - 2‘ d)
M T9- 2‘ 5. o )0E A f Ž . 2 LA J+;+ 1 X L ?#;)< S n +A _: R I

/-
- 123 -
. M. ° ?# + 19$ + …f 1 ‰ d { d Y z ?# ` ] X . ZThe Great
Middle EastPlan{ dTb 2 M7±t;- 2‘ d0 ?#R / B)+)<_:
2L)T f.;5 '% _: ^T J "fH™ ?# + 1 )< S n +A g ';
"fH9
<” • H n Œ J Z Z ! J l N _: 5E Y z J "l
"fH €cT <() € m*'T , 1 j ` 3b (0 ~#m † r C
5 %0H ‰ 2O b 'O %T ` nf. ?# b 2 g9?# ,3 'A T 67 Z 5. $w
‹ <# >!,Œ 2 > ?# — & A P 2 ` ^ R - J /l K %9>
: n 2 b G'f Š <'9TZ 2A P 5 '^)') Z Œ 8 l b C O -q +%<' 2
Z d b"% T +*# m C l 209J+‘ z:;` O1 J ` O Mq;= T +O ~ 2
^ l N < f 0 %0H l F#'u N @ T b 8 | O 0 + : Ztl
"fHl'T l 8 67 Zt = Z @ b"f ~ 2 J+‘9~L)T Z( 2 ~L)<
T g b () = Œ % K ^9
6 z ~ f ?# y )X J M T 6 • _: 0 (0 zE šŒ ') • –#G'%0 5. J+‘
18 Š) • Z d b"% T + = #]<'T /2 2 _: 8 P R
T +O ~ 2*' † T • 3 J ,w B0. ` 2 J+‘ f # <#% ‰ L
Z @ b"ff % Ls ) Z(A D. :¥9+ 1 ¥ Ls ²*;5 3 : 7)
. N%O ‡ : w _: M );*# 67 0 `"m J !"m1 Z]T “ T ?# Š+A
3 T b (0 !H BA 8Z]‘;+ 1 2 { )C (0 =;b 2 T +O
nf. ?#{X ?# Y z = <' - 2‘ d0 5 %0H ‰ 2O b 'O %T
ˆ9f )- *#8T / #€ P + 1 f % >! > •! )' ¥ f % Ls 7 J+
L % 2 ~L)&#f *&C - . ‡ ` O ²OB*% `"m J v B
' . = b"%# Z 0 ŠŒ i B# 0 2 8T <C 6 2 . Lm = "fH b . f
)< <'f ‡ ) 5. J ,) 5 ') # M ) %# B) A 5 w ') # + ,! L n&0 ?# BŒ 2 : 5E
3 s f %#@ /'2 % "fH …f 1 ‰ d 6 • + 19` 2 Z!. f f
+% 2 2 b G'f `"m J # + 1 *#8T ~ 2 ?# <' A D. /)X
Œ fH Š'T + 1 , 5 '%0 ^ . = + 1 2X . . 2 i H y ). Z
: n + 1 f % Ls )%0. <'f ?# N ]9+ 1 *'T 5E Y 7

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 124 -
];! /)+ () O ) J !"m.;! 6 • b /&4;p O J #< O ) J
/Œ if ' Q ¨ ³ # Z3. J / 0. F#'G4 T 2 _:95 ) ž 3 6 c2')
B 2 • 0 2 š/)T•
ŸM7 !"m1 • 0 2 š/)T B' <%A J+‘ ‰ L0 = >2 2 % )'f f A = qLm • . 5. 2' .
5 f % = 6 0 <'N%<s )% `"m 3 s )'f f = y ´ V L¦ B @. š/)T 7
2' () . g 5 0 2 ~ T T 0 0 2 ( J q' š/)T 7 $m1
T +O !: 0 + E9992 #L'# I Z]‘ 5 0 2 7 Z]Ÿ9
P B # )< /T B #+dT U•+ U 2 Z ! J B # & BA h BŒ g b () , ! 5:
)- I f f / 8 Kf )' 4 /&t A9> / - A = 2 b G'f _: q[#A U 2 67 5E 7
"+dT9dT nf. µ )' M7 1!" - 2 ` , ! N Z '
9T g b () / # nfq' 5. ^ ) , ! nf.9
) C ] • Z( M T 6 • 5. / : ZC '0 5. J+‘ P U m1 [ ') 5:
f Ž ~ L $w ¥ LG#!" = A9?^L ƒ C. !"
2 *#8T / #J Z = #]<'T ,Œ 2 g b () = # & U•+ U 2 N < f
)S J "l f N8 5 ™ 1 H + 1 *'T9‘ J<7 = 0 + B%&) x 2 Y#
b ()9Bd ?# 3 / ` 2 .9*' 5. ˆ Ž
#< 2 $^' I - = Z< /)+ (09*' 67 J+;3 =;
2 $^' Z<ˆ 7 Z/*#8T 2 ?# ,Œ 2 !" # ! 6 •" < A %•
!" = MŠ Z & f f. Z # O )- >3 ' Y z ,w U 2 5X A
e
0-( 5 ( 01 24!" # !.
M O. g b (0 _: L2 Œ )] g b () ` *# <#% /) #+@ >!
,I ! A Z+ "m | O B01 N ! # LA . f. 2 A ] . L29Q /'0 P & + 5. ` 2 J+‘
f f1 &# $ A! +&#67
9> B0. ' % 2 ‡ #%
Z] ‰Xq = f f1 ! , &T•2'f U 2 5X A . {9% 2 R ' z:
M 2 R L Z ! J %A 2 J + = –Œ 2) 5q & P ! +&5. Y z = ,/'[O
!' % 8'! ) T = F l J + ?# l2A 5. > L'%A 8'! *'T9<
Z† f F#O y O: 5. %#-1 ` ¶ F# J+‘68
g b () $ ^A 5E U m. .

/-
- 125 -
[ '0 n P % #m $^' [ '0 5j U '% ?# $ ^'9
Š' p ) 6 cKenneth WaltzP % = #m O"CH 5. = i ! , X
g « )T = $ ^A = %A+ 'f $ 5.Perestroïka/ : () 5. ^ ) /%&0;6 2' =
;?#! „ L# %• D.9= „"CH #< % , A = % )'T 3 s $q'
P %›2 fœ= O P )- R 1 = f f1 $^' € Z ['A 0 5:
Z Œ G g A 7) ' % L#% 3 = P %R dA wMikhaïlGorbatchevb ,+
969
y h /t _: U . D ! # M () -H <'f 5. 7 i
f % = 2 { )C R 8A $+&A & + ~# 'A w9^ y 2 : l ZŒ 2 M. /) J
F#O ?#§ A 0 p O 1 2 ?# x: n+ 0. J ” _: . , %2A 5. z f
b 7) b"f O96:
?# )< / 5 M7 8' ! 8' ?# g b ()# #+ S *' Y#A . 7+
%· J X1 !" = $()' ` ¢29= ` X . L2 Œ )] b () > % D
` ` '@ B' () Y+&A P % D J šA 0 0 ] T D 7) f %
^ 6 • ! d .9g &'% g b () _: x A ) 3 `3 _: /t M7
b &'% > ! A &#m ?#9
#f n+ 0. M7 L2 O1 _: L2 Œ )] J g b () ` w ?#;O _:
;¢ +@: $]A * C. T t 5E U 2 5X ' 2# 'T ! Š' (0 ?#2 5qd
! 6 •" %) )- f %9N- &T NT T J d O 0 J<Hyper
Globalizers= >3 A ?# g ' 5 c = 5 d ,Dq
<' ž 0 ¬ t )A -: =N 8'!9+& M 8'! /( = T # Z[%0 )
= <Œ ! +& 67 A p O C s 4 #2'% 8'! O ` 5q & P !
9( • J L #G'# [ '0 x A –#2' 7m.%
l . U m1 K0 i 2 = W: K%* f % M 8'! N 0 i = n ž 0 ~ 2 ^9z:
ƒ m 3 b Zt = 3 ?2 'f D. ,w T K % X. = 5. ] >! 5.
'9N'/ 3 …^ $qA * C. )-9K % /&Œ t –#2A = Z]<'A°_ 1 / i
T T %fcT < #! <()T $w J U m. Z X . P T9/ i .
X • "2'f ! )H #!1 L = Z]<'' 0 ]{ 8 `!" =

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 126 -
) ƒ)‘ M7 ` *' ` Zm { C _: ` N { C JU OE Œ ) ()# <Œ" m
T !" = T ()9
d . C m &8 P % = | O 5E #+ S *' C ?#&8 !
+& ¸ A = Š <' t A P R dA w 8G@ = #]Ž ' % 2 >2 5
…2 I /3 A p O J BA LA % Tl . /2 2 h Z f / . p O J Z9F#' "
+& Œ 2 ' % Š 5 5 )‡ #%/3 A [/) 2 % T “ T Š'#B0. U A
2 - + = & ¸ '# "m 6 ' 2 L { 8 #C N ' % T { dT ³ #
' •9dA ^ .?# >! 2 fq ,%' 3 ?*) Lm 2 67 & m 2
d Ž1 ?# )- T © 8T f % ?# 8'! 3 19! dA ^ 2
ƒ C. 3 _: w T J% < % T _: ™ 1 X L ?# - 2‘ '@ _: !. A <w
B0 X ## +4 K2# R dA w9[)>f d'0 Z 2 d 3 • 3 A Y z J ,
! d . = • # - 2‘ #9/Œ % T > L! Z+dA dA ^9b () Z< /
ƒ#%' ‰ f J B' c% + 1 b () P %9Zm $^' 67 Z+
! 6 • ?# #f f + 0 J ! d . ` = #]<'T 2 % 6z &0 ~- ) Zm P %
f Ž +9
<(01 J 6$w ?# L2 Œ )] b (0 #l q 2A U 2 5X ' ! Š' (0 0 z:
U m1;Y 7 & u+ f"+ !;B' <'f: g b () 2'f ?# /t &O `"m J
2'f 5X ' ?# — &*# K%01 b () L2 Œ )] b (0 = U A 6$ ^A bD 5E
L 5 l L2 M O. b (0 _: L2 Œ )] g b () `51 ‰Xq = i ! „
U 2 5X A b (0;! Š' (0 3 M7;L2 Œ )] b (0 -: = : Z<90 zE
#O = U 2 5X A L2 Œ )] b (0 = *' > $ /% & +A ! !
*' 5E#f . T;O _:;/ #9J K#L' M7 $q'
g b () > ?@ <'A /# x Z+d U 2 5X A b (0 ` O B' (0 = () : Š' p )
,Œ 29M 8'! ` ¡ = U 2 5X A ?# Š A * C. P *'` ¡ = U 2 5X A J
M +%9. M7 $m1 ` *' 7;6;8'! 2 ?# <' ,/ Š . N ! ?#
+% 2 J9
: 3 !H J+‘ T !" = 2 …W = *' C ?#
2O #3 )+' 8'! NA 2 © 8 +% 2# >3 A /) ,o 2 C ) > X A K A ' 2

/-
- 127 -
0 O. V dT > V d bX"A / X"A 0 O. /# +A /+ dA /#m A Z /) M1 y 8!: b >
U m.9
• /l 6 • ` #f 2 ` < 'f 5:9w8) ?# Š ! ()T 5. $
/) { . / 8T ` ~ 2 Z3. J +% 292 = 2 Z<d 2 ` < 'f J+
)'T ¢9T g b () = >3 A P +% 2 ?# ! Š '
5 +A!" = /) [ A 'fH f = <Œ" ] . /'0 +9,[/' 5E Y 7
Z d ?# BA ! b +& 7 ,I. p O +% 2 ?# [ J<l' ! +& ?#
` 'T <' = f %. )A `"m J3 )+' 8'! NA 2 J Z9z:
` Z • ) 1 ' a. J Z#2'f ) *#f1 5. & P BA + = 2” Š' p ) 5
. _: 8'! I 0 + : I ! ?# Š A ` J 5. ] >! 5E 8'! ?# ] . Š A
M ) { # 2' ,w M 8'! Z 82A P i ! BO '2A Ž ] . U90 T. J Z+
) *#f1 ?# 5z *'% </)+ 8'! <I ! ?# 5Š A 59
8'! 2 ?# <' f ,Œ 2 g b () = U 2 5Š 5:+% 2 ?# n9
M 8'! U 2 5X A `"O: ˆ Ž;8'! U ! b () 7S #+dT % Œ U 2 5. ,+‚
_ 1 3;M +% U 2 5X A Z”9= () . z: D + i Š' ! ['f )
Š U 2 5X A ` O /' (0M +% Z J M 8'! Z ?#9] . 5 +'f 7Œ )
) *' & +A9
D = Q >#LlA * C. P 1 K%O / A A / 0 2 - 0 </
g b ()# #+dT % Œ U 2 N / X AgU O: Z]‘ `Š 2 b /& 5E
!" Z #*' f f1 Š+A T9= ,+*' M7 b /&T `Š )- *#8T b /& 5. <
` 'T <' t )A Zt = 3 s ` f f #f9`ŠA ! 5. ˆ M7 1
/ <Œ !) !" ?# )<9?# $ ^' " ' • y 3: B b 2 ^ )
! # ¬ /&T M () -H U '%P = #]<'T Z #*' O ~# ' < C m
• %fcT _:;)-›<[' "'+'œAT Zt = –#290 5:
h /d T T X1l K L g ><'¡ ƒ C. ' # . !
T 8'! $ %' Zm A9
T !" # < 2 ()<# < 2 *' C ?#6 • 5E
,( %[' <Œ" m ) M l { 8 ?# <Œ 2 j 3 i + f"+ B 2d !

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 128 -
T ) [ '0 *#8T / . ~ 2 _: ? %A M l { 8 -: = ` 51 BA 6 + .
= 8T9)T Z( g '` &T M f *#8T 2 ‹ f. ?# ,Œ 2 + f"+ ! (
)- 6 • •O ?# Z< 2 2O M (0 6 • w Zt =9
J 1 ,#% nf. ?# B ! b () # : ?# % • # - 2‘ d0 5q 2' 5:
a1 ?(r 2'Š' ' =5q N 5. ` r M7 n %0 & BA 2'0 , . Z+d
)8 • # - 2‘ U 2 N { ¹H O ?# ?2 . T ` *'9R /'% 5 2
b ()# x ' L' ? & ?# , Š A = N !g9!;6 (0 =;B0q ‡ A
Iqd0 • # +& M ?# ! d . 2 )- @ & <'3 O 3 A9B . =
^ , 2# 2#' R -q ()T Z 2'%T = 5 +'f J ^ $w R -1 5.9
Z 5:¸ ' • /'*C ' . !9‰ & 'f ?# 0 %A D. $w
y ). Z ! T f %# i9) ' ‰ L / 8 ~ 2 _: ? %A ` 5. F *'A 2 # <'T;! n&0 =;2] z ` Y#A >
)'T &#'GT9
7+% fqATJ 6 z ~ f2'0^A() ,I '2T N ! (0 : %,I .
# #*'g « )T ‰ f > ?@ <'A 2 L +& A /&T ,/! %0.] .
J9OX: _: 3 5 Y z 5 + f“ Tf f1!% ŒY z > D1
= ?2 A/<(> F +'# Cg b ()T9<# N'< 2 X•A )
#<!" ?# )< P () • , . J M (0 6 • ! ##O = < f
9
:/f: , . 5!'f Z # = ` &T f ?2 A P f f1 I = ?#['A
!"`ŠA +% ZŒ %T 5. T -Z”v 2096 • !
` Š 0 • M7 M ()95. <!"+%2# M † /(T Z(A9!
[/) 2 -$+&'#$%&A 'f & Œ!"+& LA `"m J$%&'Œ )
2 f f ~L)T9

/-
- 129 -
0 0-!" # 4 ( 5 ( 01 2.
8'! NA 2 © 8 T g b () = 2 C ) K A A > X A : 5:
3 )+'ŠA 0 #2' % T () 5. ?# M$()' 8 ?# J •A`() , .
` ‡ #f Z # $%&A = 8'!9> # ()> B0q Z[%0 5. J+‘ T g
?@ <';O _:;! 5 5: M 8'! $^'T ?# f f. Š Z # B01 M #2' % T Z #*' >
3 . >3 A92) <'3 () 5. Y z ?# J • ZCritical Social TheoryP
/t+&# LA 2 #2' () š )<# 2'0 % D
% T9T g ¥. 8'! )< J () •^ 8'! 2 ,t ' Š <' J >
/ #9% T 6 • 5. o #2' () •" "GO M () 6 • i M #2' B 2d
‡ #% f % ‡ #%# † † 2 8'! 5. U A / M 8'! $^'T ?# Š M7
!" Š ‘ M79y ) $^'# h K ['%A ` 2 L
T g ¥. M 8'! b () = / ! ?#9Y z Z J , 1_: ` f 5q Z[%0 5. J+‘
8'2 I ! X;1 >! =;Y 7 3 )+' 8'! NA 2 Z<d W: +% 2 ?#9
8'! 2 ,t A Zt &T „ L xT !" = B'0 + %
9N q' $q' !" -: = i T . f f1 BŒ O. Zl& y A P 0 +T
'*' )›8'!œ! & )›f % 2 >)C f %9œ) Œ )]S LA P
"m T N !" R -: = 5 '% : & ) &#'GT ) '%<# Œ )] F )8' =
3 GT9M 8'! $^'T J !"L0 g ‡ #% $%&' b 2A % T ()9= U A z:
% ‡ #%# † 2 8'!j *' K ['%A ` 2 L B Š&† . † f
g M 8'! b () = / ! T )'f9‹ 2 8'! J #2' % T 7G'A <
M d ><'¢ M. F#£ . b 2A U9n+ ! <'¢ Y#‘ M ! 8'! ?# z *'% J<J M.
& &#'u <'¢ Y#‘ F § 8'! ?# z *'%9Z+d cA 2 8'! '*' B' )
f % ! & ><'¡ ) ?# ™ x:9= B f 2 LA x `Š g 3 % Z #
+% 2 n 8'! 2 B # J <d b )' N8 ` • = 2 L <Œ ! `ŠA d 3 5. ˆ
'@ Š*# %) ` <#] /%&0 ^ ` = < d ŠO1 • y 2

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 130 -
$A 2 • fH9D Z & | O# >3 A • # d N 3 1 { 8#
#O = d 3 1 B >#LlA 0 M79
% T “ T , 2 >3 A 3 1 { 8 /);>lA 5. ^ &%#& O ) ) #
T , 2 8'0 ¸ '# O• # “9Y z ˆ Ž;6;P < ()' !"m1 , 2 Z+ y ^ :
l C m U m1 l Q mŠA;"fH9N ^ N ¥. # %) L20 , q
@ ' . ® . ?# ¥. d'0 : P % D'9+% T D 5 2
‡ 'A 5. + 1 *'T ` P % T () 3 . ?# º 6 . B#< q '@
/%&0 [' C S= B' ?# /')< • # /' 3 . d0 /' ” `"m J
9` Š 2A P n %0 & d » m ¸ ' D O -. = #3 ƒlA
% T () U 3 b • # - 2‘ # % )T ()9
5 '^)'0 Z Œ C 2' 5.Ÿ<'‚ŸT f T 0 7 l b CT L P %
d ><'[<# <' ` C 2 L N <' { 8 + ) A93 A f T Y#A 5. <
. 5E d [' B'/3 M7 $8T Z & V 2% J ª . . Nf ! ! * C.Ÿ<'OŸ
$8T n&0 ?2#'f9] '@ +% <# >! ¹ 5. <
$ A g ¥. "~ < A `"^'f J < '%T < 'f -: = g ¥. 8'!
T ,+O = /# * . '@ Š[)T9
% ) ()T ?# *' Y#A $q' ~# ' < .›'œU 5: ` 2 J+‘
> ' (0 F +A' ¬ t N … ' Y z = > ) T g b ()
' (0 80. $ A O ?# T g ¥. b () O #< 5 /3 <D1 <)',/f. ?#
& ! ‡ ) `ŠA ' f9% ' ()/ #2' % T Z]
L' Z+@ = J+ 3 `ŠA9f # 'GT *' ?# /2 LA F! '9n 5. ˆ Ž
T g b () > ~ L'A I 2 + . Z967 ?# ' (0 )L2f. #
%0 5. J+‘ *'¬ /&T -: 5. Fd';f1 U '% ?# y f ` &<# f `Š M ()
)i ` A g ' F#G'# 2 2' n +A h U '% ?# .I A U '% ?# .
+&9

/-
- 131 -
I C = <' A `ŠA … † 5. ` 2 J+‘ f1 U '% ?#?# Š T
. Š 3 ')T J N3 ') . ž ')` ¢ = < f b s 1 T J NA
! †95 }q J+ … † 8A A # )C _: /# *' Š T b 2A <)
(9T b s 1 T • Š 3 ')T Y#€ … † N ¼ +' ` A ‡ )/Š
` 1 ‹ k 3 )+' Y#€ P9… † = I ) (0 I7 <Œ ! h Z(A $m1 679N S
<'% { %A = F#G'T )i b 2'T ` <d9
J+‘ 6" . J 7T ` 1 ‹ k ¼ +' " ` ' h J "l& ¤ U '% ?# .
` 2= #]Ž T 2) %fcT h 5 B0. ` 2 < # NL X 5.•g 2) ‰ )C
` T ‹. 8 J . /i . #† / ) J /# € > A 5. > L'%A … † ` 5E T Y)
• s.Š [ A V @ J %fcT 67 B '&Aª . ~ 2 ?# € ! $w /# • … † ?#
#m /' ) @ dS (0 W '%9<'3 h Z d B) ,[) M7 >9!
Z]€ * C. Z %)i 'T d w ?# T Zt = S Š' < A %fcT 67 2
U !/%&0 T9
. ` b 2A '@ B' () Y+&A P % D * C. 2 0 T .
p ] ` J ! d‰ @ { 8 ` ,+‚;` ¶ { C _: w;` b <l0 )3
¶ F#O 8'! ™ 1 J Z = ! d .+% %#-1 `9% ‡ ) 3 A z:
… 59
= • H J p 5. ` 2 J+< ' () +& ' U '% ?# .
) < f +& I ' Š' W Z]‘ + 1 b /&T T // dAM A /
Š T žz W • H;… †9<'%A i < 'f (0 J 2] ) T 5. o Y z Z ‰ Z
<'3 ) O ) J ¥. L A ( • - ()A P ' (0 J 73
8'!9
$qA . 2/'& t 8¯ = )i ?# * T?#Ÿ, #%' y"3HŸ/ ! >
*#8T S ~2 D. [‚ & t 67S š ' ~ %'9dT d > b 2A /
<%A %)i 'T d# )- / = < !. P <8C s Y z9b 2A <
8'! O"C: B <%A y 2&# b 2T , K*%93 ')T Z” Z*' ž s J >#% $'f b 2A
#+ & +A Y z <%A )-9j dT ?@ <' 4 < # ' ' /[ ) $ ^' b 2A <
> <#!qA & +A Y z <%A + 1) *'9993 ,#9. )i * . g '

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 132 -
$^ d' y ) </4 b 2A T Zt = … †9() • H A = º) ' w 5 3 B) •
'9,f / # ~#L P Y#A &8 67QŸmŸ ŸThe Soft StateŸ
` $ 0 w B G'f ,fGunnar Myrdal'f ?# # J d 5 2 J ) '% m . =
*#8T ?# C s . © 8 K #^' 5 0 2 ,+O Z [' %&# &#G'T ` +O #w.
9%• ] . * C. P <%= /) = p ] ` =
) '%9T g ¥. b () J< /3 0 L A p O Y z ?# ` ] X . ŒŠi Z
8C s [@9f f <'3 2'f b B) ,o M7 #m > ?# #f Y z . Ž
! AM 8'2] <'3 8'! y 1 F 3 s ŒŠi 0 ,! &A9Z3. J
p* > [dA 8'! ' /<(0 F#'u )#2 ŒŠi b 2A 5. Kx Z dT *' 67 /3
J#2 ` M1 ‹ fq ,# <' <#9: Y z ?Aq' J‡ H d) ‘Š H '
c%T „ bŠ' >9
N 1 > X A : = J<+ ' () %) T g b () = i 5:
` ?# /')< z &0 …% X / 8 N qA 5 <l ` <d `= i n )i
2A Z!q S ~ lA Z3. J $m1 67 K LT ['f9Z + 5 ' = Kw A )i ` 5. ,w
` <d ` > 2 29> ' n Y d 2T / > J+9` ]T Z f ?# 07m. #
1 d { d4 ?<%;6 0 3 Lf ';6 3 =;` )i ` A ‹ +A f f
` 'T 5 ' ?# b 2A f f B) ] . ` <d9[ '0 ] . ~< ''f ' !" 5E > 7 Zt =
2'%T $w ) 1 f % { 1 'T <'3 8'! { •9X~ < A =
b ()# < 2 ()<# f f1 0 +T U O: A P • # - 2‘ d0 #< ' !"
_: , %2A _: . P g gŸ- 2‘ `ŸŸ- 2‘ $w `Ÿ)2 J !"L0
+ 192'T ` Z]€ _ 1&#G'T ` 0 ]9`"^'f )< !" J Y z J š')
` = 2'f bŸ- 2‘ $wŸ9
-) 3 * 4 ( 5 ' ( 01 2
)< ! M () 6 • 7S +& ' 5. ` 2 J+‘±) ' A &' 3;
/& +A8'! "'+' ¯ f % O B3 A Zt = C m >
?l ! M. J ] . /) <"'+' FC D ƒ C. p O
8'!91 & t * .• ' & ' > - . v 2) { #C7 5. < f

/-
- 133 -
dT ] ŠA J m 'T Kf +T , ( A b"% ~ 2 _: B' & t = R / 5 $m1
s >#%# ~ ' „ <% `"m J f1 # T • G@1 "2)A~ - J +
• < ()';)-9f % 8'! "'+' -: = ` ` )' = * C. ZŒ %
T Zt = +%9
g Z +' 6 • 80. 5. $w;U•+ () • 80. J , $^;J )+<'
*' Y#' c )'N '& = ! P= #]<'T•Y+&A N 3 V 2f
P % D ! d . ` ()9g ';<#!qA ! g Z +' 6 • A 0 5:
6" . 0 @. < *' 67 >;: ` C J /)+‘ Q c )' = /#d 5E# @ (0 _
Zt = % q%4 /'!" )'T <[' "'+' q% $%&A 24 5 + !" #
Dqd Z8*'f P L' $^' Z+ c )' T9
*' Y#' c )' = g Z +' 6 • +& ' 80. Zd 5:,D. ˆ
N 3 V 2f : ?# M /i Z +' U '% ?# | O M7 $^' ! 'Z +A _: B
< #!:;B f A;3 > - z 5 ^3 7mq;Y+&A 5. < /3 J f f
Z]‘ g & Z +'# žz <) P %g & ‹ f1 ?# ,Œ 2 M /i Z +' 6 • !9
™ 1 Z +' ?# ! ' $w </ L0 D A™ 1 > f A = #]<'T
+' '% @c • = () : g Z +' 6 • 80. J K#L' Ž ! @Z9>
= M ! f f. K " ™ . J ()T Z 2'%T = ²O . J ! = p J+‘ Y z
+ 1 *'T Z ! J BŒ 'O Zt = T g b ();< Š' )< / 2
,Œ 2 g b ()#;A [ A 'f F #* A5 ' ' B _: :
T g b ()# #+dT & U 2 , . U O: Z]‘ B0. ,w + 1 *'T > B'!" =
9
U m. ZŒ „ L T t )< Zt = Z # O >3 A J+O J
f f. Z # O <[' "'+' J Z x M7 b () ‹ f. ?# b 2A Z #*'9Z<
g Z +' 6 • , A © 89• ' & t • <;d'0 . ?# <'Spill-OverZ20 ` O
f % ZŒ %T J b <' c›# f %œHigh Politics)2' "+dT _:;)&›0 f %œ
Low Politics;D = /'0 +9ZŒ % B # J - ` O *% Œ 2'f #< )<! #

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 134 -
0 3;/<( =;M 8'! > - z93 M 8'! b (0 i g b ()
'! Z'+A T [' <() _ 1h J h D 8'! /' - = T T M 8
T g ¥. 8'! LA9™ 1 < #!H U '%T ?# 8'! "'+' J "l 7
' )f¤ Z'+';) A" + . ` Z'+A + & f9N '%T ?# "'+' 67 Z+g
D *' • ' & t ?# - f #] . < #!H9
• Š' : M ' . ) f % O ' A =0 ] N' & /) < f BA 3
#< ~ 2*' 6 H &)T M 8) A l N'#Œ 2O '= </ '0 +
T g b ()9™ 1 _: b <l0" O A f ! d . ` w
šŒ ') a. ?# * " '@ ()T Y+&A P % D›&)Tœ<'f y J m 'T
™ 1 Z +'9B%&0 ,Œ 2 g b () = 6 J+‘ = 6 H 8) 5. <
+ 1 2 B # J f A 5. <
. ` ” = Z]<'T 6 H 8) 3 _: >3 ! d . ` Z<d %#-1 ` ¶ F#O
^›F# = y l 1œ+ 1 +% 2 /3 = ‡ 'dT ™ 1 { # [ A 'f: y )97+
# +A #< . = 5 5 8) &)T 6 H9
= S f 2 LA • / O ' Z +dA _: { fH 5qd • Š' : .
b 2'Tb +† , N 2] 8) #8 2 D19'T ` = J- T 5. o z:*l 2
R S 7 ³ # Z3. J ! J B Z+9b 2'T = # +' [' „ o f J<+ )9J
o [' 67 N•™ 1' ) Z'+A999’95 f F#G'T = # +' [' <)
) 5 2& [ '0 > 7 Zd& S¨ 5 +b +† , N 2] 8= f % <(01 - J • )
. f Œ . +# / ,+ - 0 </ 'f L#%A f f <(0. P F#G'T
• T999’9Z +' • XŠ 2] 8)N '%T ?# # +' #< „ o _: M c¥
M 29
J %s Kf +T %O `"m J Z +' #< > p O J • Š' : > ‹ ~&'
# +' #< = % Œ U 2 Z !9ˆ2' ` ¡ J # +' #< ` 2'0 p O J • ' > ~&' <;
f % ` ¡ _: ˆ&= <'2 LA -: ™ 1 " 3 x ' n %' . ?# Y z
i B' & t9M 8'! ` ¡ = # +' B' #< . ™ 1f % ` ¡ _: Y z Z2')
O ™ . 'f w C B' ” ™ 1 5 T•# B# +dA #< O A `"m J9

/-
- 135 -
M. : . K#3 = X K #A ! Z +'# % R L# 0 01 © 8T 5. ‹ M. =
R -9™ 1 _: b <l0" A f = Y z %•< f y l 1 ` • w b
Y z = 0 T. %09
# g , ()'# y 8) ?# 6Š A =q% ?# ‹ <' g < #!H N '%T ?
ƒo. >o. d'0 , < ' #< / 5 +A P S ZŒ %T J •' P 5 %0H ‰ 2OZ< A g '
d O A ?#9<() ,l M7 T • T ><'¡ R ƒ C. -: = „ /' a. X
U m1 0 %0H %fcT <()T J $w +O $w9
Z +' O º) ' w 5 3 ' %) .Z +' = Z]<'T O # y ` O B3z W 5E
Z+ yŠ31 N g 'dT R -1 )! J 8 M7` &T M f `Š95. <
] . < ()' %fcT Z +' ¯ Z ‘ C T g ><'¡ 5q & P º) ' w / : ZC A P [ ')
< #!H Z +' ¯ B)*8 J $] B9B f A ™ 1 Z'+A = „ Y z ?#['
H / f A %#-1 ` ¶ F#O <()N '%T ?# ™ 1 # @ ?# ƒ 8 O 2
T [' <() < ()' ¬ %fcT999’9<()T 67S b ' y º) ' w 5 3 ` ! 5. :
# +' #< = dT R -1 % n‘ B01 B º %fcT9
) ?# B'(O" J+‘< #!H U '%T ?# # +' žz <> - z D.
3 > - z % = ^3;+ '9M +% 3 1 N# >3 A J šA ) ` *'
3 )+' M 8'! N# © 892' ` 8A ` O §' ` f 5 +A 7+= ^i
D "'+A = S <Œ"T /'j 3 !9` Z<d ™ 1 > f '
` ¡ 7 = §' ` „ - %x O T . _: B# ! d .9Z +' @c • 7
' n0 [' 2' 2# 'T Y#A C m` 8A 'dT © 8T ` ' Z9§' ,f 2' <
2'f J 1 ,#% N qA ?# b 2A <() %fc y ) BA = • ' (0 /39Y z = B ]
+ 1 !";Z Z<dA Z +A !" _: D = 2A P )+`
' ) R ƒ C. -: = <d + .9> L z # +' [' ?# U m1 #] 1 N J
= ^i<() 2 H 2 ` N 2 H fh ‰ @ )3 ` N 5 f¤ Z'+A 70
) A" + . `999’9
8A 8) B'f =Z +' ) T f % O N !" ¸ A ?# §' Š `9
) T R -1 N !" 2~ A g ' ` 8A )! Z &A _: Y z M c 2
/) # T# +' #< Z [ ' ½ J91 N J B0. ` 2 J+‘ )O P @ T f

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 136 -
‹ <# >! _: ™ ^T ¹ A 5J • ) ™ ^T ` N [)d'T A 'T !"
^ y *8 l! 5qd l! )'T F! T J /) < 8999’9Y z J "l5E
/ 0 3 = T t= 2];g 8A8) ` 8A 8) ~# 'T §' „ L ,Œ"T « )T q
/) < # +' #< | O: g ' f % O N 2'# f f.ƒ C. 5. 3
$^C ! B'Lf9?# n Z +' n +' ,/ ` 8A 8) 5. Y z ˆ Ž< #!H U '%T
K%*Y 7 g U '%T ?# W:9
Z #*' ?# <' A D + …2 n & t f 2 J Š <' / f ‹ f .
<+Y 7 = î 2' , < ' . 4 2A D + W:{ L! = Z +' 5. f U p O
M cU m1 L2 2 = Z +' _: l9= # +' [' • ?# " ~ L)
M 8'! 5 TZ]•fh ‰ @ )3 ` N 5 f¤ ><• ' ) Z'+AZ] f % 5 T = .•
2 H9= î 2' – < .f 5Eg ' , &'# f f. 8) 6•'
+% R"O. . "'+A = y l 1 ` Y z ?# '% Z +'#9Y z ?# ] L
` ¶ F# %) ! d . ` O fh ‰ @ )3 ^ &# %) + 1 *'T
%#-19[ ') 67 5. $wf / : ZC A P$ 3 A±6" . Y z ) . <;` *'
= î Z _: + ' i Z J "'+'Z]•1 2 Z<d ™ 1
2 H 2 Z<d 2 H<d + . Z<d' ' )999’9Y z >Aa % f f •'
f = 2 % +& ' J / "'m <+ Z #*' š/) ?# <' & t Z #*'# Š <'
# +' ( Z #9
-4 ( 5 ; < 01 2
.
L' U . 2!" # #% 6 • /t _: J d 5 2 F8') 6 /@ M7 3 )+'
9/3 . / P '&, 2# 3 . Lm #% 6 • 5 +
^ • #9` ¡ 7 = /'i /'d! ) T +@H 5E Y 7•F +A . LA U
: ?# • # , 2 f ] ] 3 T R -: = 3 )+' 2 )A > #% 6 •
e d 3 1 >3 A '@ ()T P % D
- ) R ! ) l'2A +@H 67 J 3H 5:#% 6 •9B' - = # )# qA #
5 +A +A #% 6 • 80. ' 5q ) 2 ) 1 Z #*' . š/)T T p O J
• # , 2#9Y z Z ‰ Z= <# N0 2 # @ ?# N0 ! Z+@ = , 2 Y#A 5 #% Z 3

/-
- 137 -
L95 '% : & . #% 6 • 80. X . O. FC Y z ?# c Z;)
#% #O = f % Z #*' “ nf1 B )A;l*' 0 %0: , ! • # , 2 5q9
()T 7 J• # , 2# >f d'0 `"m J5E= B'0 + x #% 6 •
N #% 5. < f g b ()# < 2 ()T U '% ?# *' – < D
C T • # ,() • # , 2 #l . ?# 5 cJ $w J + 1 f % b ()
<(01U m1 f %97 ž /'0 { A: ?# U m1 <'¡ Š & _: ,/ f = * Y z ?#['
f % <(01 J { )9#% 5:;˜ T 7Q;D ` O n %0 & M () K 2 = K8A
d'0 • # - 2‘ f _: A p O ¸ 'y 3 . ²@ =97 > /& +A 5.
` *'C 8m + 1 - 2‘ m ?# Z< 3 . Lm D. ˆ• # - 2‘
/3 J T f % = , 2 i & ` O ŒŠ3 "O U f b 2A #% 5. < /3 J <
U m.9
:j ,+‚ y ¯. F#'u = • # - 2‘ d) w #% 6 • 5 z
$()' † = B < A 3 -: = 3 1 { 8 Š <'A P BAX . P
¸ ' D ` O B'O -. = n %0 &B#3. J y 3 M7 R S J R ¯. ! 5 + Y 7 B0E
B' f % Z #*' # @ (0 y ) .9b _: R S 7 ³ # = ,/! &m: >3 <
p* . b G'f N $()' N 5X '9M () 6 • 7 / G'% P , &T 5. J Y 0
›)& t5ŠA ~%)œ/' L 3 0 +f , &O - z , & %
+ )9
` < 'f = 6 ^' 5. 0 3 G'%T Z #*' . U '% ?# #% 6 • )< !
B &w: _: B U . f % V d) ?# <+ Œ 8OH 1(0 y ) = Z]<'T d)T B S
G'%T p* . $()' N ž Š' `"m J !" # # @9Y z J "l5E
g¤ f›A <+œP Z #*'# 2 - W: 0 # T >)C #< ?# $ U C96 •" () žz <) X . , . O. Z]‘ M7 žz <)
#%9f F#'u J # T Z20 )! Zl& ™ xH 1 Y z 5 !` 8A b" H ZŒ›]
" Hœ)8 <!1 0 '0›0 '+ H ]œ9ƒ3 ) f % 2 5. '
A # T )2 Y#A J * *8 &T # T J ZŒ ,mŠ Š 5 + M7 2 Y z

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 138 -
7T9# T_ 1 • J 2) ,/&d = [/)T #l 1 N #%# *) P
P % D"Iz O = D n9D" _ 1 ,/&d = , f !
>! J 2#L)T ,/ ‚. Š € P ! Y#A P %f. ?# <' A P<+ ‹ 2 K9
3 )+' ] 5q ` 2 ))+‘ B0E Y z >;$# A $ A O ?# ] ] 3 T P;
¸ ' D PO -q R -: = S š ' `"m J d'0 • # , 2 f 7
n %0 J Z+ l b C6 • LA _: A . ! g ' ?# 5 '^)'0 Z Œ C
?l ! M. J ] . / B& +A _: . 2 #%9#£ !" ` ¢ = | ‚1 5. z:
Œ 8OH <+ K f1 ?# <' A * C. 3 L0 1 &%#& 2 L J# &lA Pp* ?
! ] . B# • <# ^ 89
?# b ('0 $%A C T f % Z #*'# < f % - d) 5q N #% y : 5. $w
T J $ L ^ B . L ( # @92'% Z #*' O U '% ?#
'm ?# 5 #%Z #*' O9Z # ¬ O <' J { 0 B)b /&< 
# 3 . Lm #% 6 • ?2 f + 1 j dT ?# • # , 2C m &8 *'T
&8 ^#9
8'mb . f ` ¡ ƒ%& 5 6 • +& BA A F#'G4 g Z +' 6 • 5. ` 2 J+‘
y f U•+ 8'! "'+' D 5. < f U m. # +A žz W
T [' <()T %) ` <#] ¬ %fcT Z +' . f % O N Z +' U '% ?#9
Y z ˆ Ž;6;& t B 2d g Z +' 6 • & +A Z]€ #O 5.
K%* i & t #C1<'f W:/ ƒ C. P T )< Zt = < f Y 7 B
T Z d F#'u J 3- & t d'0 . ?# <' O žz <) B : () ™ 19
() ` X _: cA J / 2 . D 5. 6 z ~ f Ž š')'%0
&'#L' ?@ <' 4 [/)T I . +& /! %0. $ ^A n Z A _: W: !" # $%
T i g >9/) c )' = $%&' () Zd 5. <
5 cd 'f $%&A = /& J ' •5: ® '& P c )' & t 2' J • W:
$%&' FC P& t J "l !" (0 Q Š'A9

/-
- 139 -
= >.
(1) Richard k. Herrmann, Conclusions: The End of The Cold War: What have we
Learned ? , in: Richard Ned Lebow & Thoams Risse-Kappen
(eds), International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War ,
http://www.ciaonet.org/book/lebow/Lebow.html-83k
(2) Antje Herrberg, The Post-Cold War Order and The Search for new Research
Methodologies for The Political Scientist.
http://www.iol.ie/~mazzoldi/toolsforchange/postmet/postcold.html-36k
(3) Kjell Goldmann, Introduction : Three Debates about The End of The Cold War ,
in : Pierre Allan & Kjell Goldmann (eds), The End of The Cold War : Evaluating
Theories of International Relations, Netherlands, Martins Nijhoff Publishers,
1992, P. 5.
(4) Kimberly Hutchings, The possibility of Judgement : Moralizing and Theorizing
in International Relations, Review of International Studies, Vol 18, N°: 1,
January 1992, P. 58.
(5) Kjell Goldmann, Introduction: Three Debates about The End of The Cold War ,
in : Pierre Allan & Kjell Goldmann (eds), op.cit., P. 6.
(6) Pierre Allan, The End of The Cold War: The End of International Relations
Theory? , in: Pierre Allan & Kjell Goldmann (eds), op.cit., PP. 239-240.
(7) Isabelle Grunberg & Thoams Risse-Kappen, A Time of Reckoning? Theories of
International Relations and The End of The Cold War , in: Pierre Allan and Kjell
Goldmann (eds), op.cit., P. 109. See also: Hans-Henrik Holm and Georg
Sorensen (eds), Whose World Order?: Uneven Globalization and The End of
The Cold War, USA, Westview Press, 1995, P. 188.
(8) Richard Crockatt, Theories of Stability and The End of The Cold War , in :
Mike Bowker & Robin Brown (eds), From Cold War to Collapse:Theory and
World Politics in the 1980s,England,Cambridge University Press, 1993, P. 71.
(9) Richard Ned Lebow, The Search for Accomodation : Gorbachev in Comparative
Perspective , in : Richard Ned Lebow & Thoams Risse-Kappen (eds), op..cit.
(10) Peter J. Katzenstein, International Relations Theory and The Analysis of
Change , in : Ernest Otto Czernpiel & James N. Rosenau (eds), Global Changes
and Theoretical Challenges : Approaches To World Politics for The 1990’s,
USA, New York, Lexington Books, 1989, P. 291. See also: Richard Crockatt,
Theories of Stability and The End of The Cold War , in : Mike Bowker &
Robin Brown (eds), op.cit., P. 73.
(11) Marry Kalder, Who Killed the Cold War? ,
http://www.Thebulletin.org/issues/1995/ja95.Kalder.html.
(12) Isabelle Grunberg & Thoams Risse-Kappen, A Time of Reckoning? Theories
of International Relations and The End of The Cold War , in: Pierre Allan and
Kjell Goldmann (eds), op.cit., P. 111.
(13) James Mayall, Democracy and International Society ,International
Affairs,Vol.76,N°1?January 2000,P.75.
(14)i g b () 0 @ . f•L# b"% 2 8 "fH 8' g >! N
¹ ' > X ' d)•
›*œB £ ™ J- T b a J • T # g Z+d l ) Z3. J B#+dA _: 0J
! . … M. 5 J T ,f ‰ % f ! L'T • # )'T z &)9,<! C *4 b 2 <

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 140 -
$ T • ˆ A ?# T 8'! <()T ` • b w : ?# Z< ™ 1 ,<! T
<() b w E 0 %0H <'3"] ` &-1 Z ^dA b . ˆ A ?# T ['9
(15)P)A" [ 0 L0.ŸT ,+O #f. J p*Ÿf % #¢# 3•
9
(16)` &3 <ŸT %fc U !•['f #['Ÿ…f 1 5 c@ #¢f Š
d 0 ] )% [ A 'fHF C• •;9
(17) Isabelle Grunberg & Thoams Risse-Kappen, ŸA Time of Reckoning? Theories
of International Relations and The End of The Cold WarŸ, in: Pierre Allan and
Kjell Goldmann (eds), op.cit., P.126.
(18)J „"CŸLl = g 5 0 2Ÿf % #¢# 3•
9
(19)L O '&T i n# - f % !" M B- 5 0•9
(20)7 ~ % >3 T J „"C•9
(21) Jean-François Thibault, « Représenter et Connaître les Relations
Internationales : Alexander Wendt et le Paradigme Constructive »,
http://www.er.uquam.ca/mobel/cepes/note7.html/. , P. 1.
(22)) !" = {X )' Z +' d <”•$ () , &T f¾n# -
Z i¾_ 1 L• •;9
(23)¹ A !" = l'T () R ^%' ¬ n< 3•¾
d)# <t +•9
(24)i '+T )+fH 8 $^' = !" ,# _: Zm )/ 80 <”
• •;9
(25) Isabelle Grunberg & Thomas Risse-Kappen,Ÿ A Time of Reckoning?Theories
of International Relations and the End of the Cold WarŸ, in: Pierre Allan & Kjell
Goldmann(eds),the End of the Cold War :Evaluating Theories of International
Relations, Netherlands,Martin Nijhoff Publishers, 1992, P. 19.
(26) Idem, P. 118.
(27) Richard K. Herrmann, ŸConclusions : The End of The Cold War : What Have
we Learned ?Ÿ, in : Richard Ned Lebow & Thoames Risse-Kappen (eds), op.cit.
See also : Neil Mac Farlane, ŸRealism and Russian Strategy After The Collapse
of The USSRŸ, in : Ethan B. Kapstein & Michael Mastanduno (eds), Unipolar
Politics : Realism and State Strategies After The Cold War,
http://www.ciaonet.org/srch frm.html.
(28)• 7 ~ % >3 T n %09
(29)• >3 T n&09
(30) Andrew Linklater, ŸNeo-Realism in Theory and PracticeŸ, in:Ken Booth and
Steve Smith (eds),op.cit., P.250.

/-
- 141 -
(31) Hans Henrik Holm & Georg Sorensen (eds), Whose World Order?: Uneven
Globalization and the Cold War, USA? Western Press, 1995 op.cit., P. 189. See
also : Anthony Mc. Grew, ŸRealism Vs Cosmopolitanism:A DEBATE Between
Barry Buzan and David HeldŸ, http://www.Polity.co.UK/global/realism/htm
(32)¿ ~ sŸ= # 2'%T i •f % ,#Ÿ™ Z 2'%T #¢# 3
• •;9Y 7 (0.•N% %ŸT b /& =Ÿ)% ™ Z 2'%T #¢
5 dM &•9l .•
Anthony Mc Grew, op.citÀ
(33) Andrew Linklater,ŸNeo-Realism in Theory and PracticeŸ,in :Ken Booth and
Steve Smith (eds), op.cit.,P.250. See also: Hans Henrik Holm & Georg Sorensen
(eds), op.cit., P. 193.
(34) Jürg Martin Gabriel,Worldviews and Theories of International Relations,GB,
Macmillan Press Ltd,1994,P83
(35) Anthony Mc Grew, op.cit.
(36) Trevor Taylor,Approaches and Theory in International
Relations,England,Essex,1978, P.138.
(37) Barry Bauzan and Others, op.cit.
(38) Stephen G. Brooks,ŸDueling Realism(Realism in International
Relations)Ÿ,International Organizations, vol.51,N°3,(Summer,1997),
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/books.html.
(39)• 7 ~ % >3 T ™ 29
(40) Hans Henrik Holm & Georg Sorensen (eds), op.cit., P. 188.
(41) Andrew Linklater, ŸNeo-Realism in Theory and PracticeŸ, in: Ken Booth &
Steve Smith (eds), op.cit., P. 248.
(42) Andrei P. Tsygankov, op.cit., P. 58.
(43) Sammuel P. Huntington, ŸThe Clash of Civilizations and The Remaking of
World OrderŸ, http://www.washington Post.com/mp-srv/still/longterm/1996
(44) Martin Shaw, ŸThe State of International RelationsŸ,
http://www.sussex.ac.UK/users/hafa3/state of IR.htm. See also : Stanley
Hoffman, op.cit., P. 105. Also: Andrew Linklater, ŸNeo-Realism in Theory and
PracticeŸ, in: Ken Booth & Steve Smith (eds), op.cit., P. 250.
(45) Barry Buzan and others, op.cit.
f % $%&A J%)3¹ A 3 s•¾P& ´. J <”¾+#<T , #f % <”
Y#T 3 ® %'+T 5 c@ < f•.46
(47)• 7 ~ % >3 T ¿ ~ s9
(48)¹ A 3 s f % $%&A J%)3•¾P& ´. J <”¾+#<T , #f % <”
'+T 5 c@ < f Y#T 3 ® %•9
(49)• 7 ~ % >3 T N% %9
(50)nŒ &) 5 ) i T b () l { C = b"fH >! ‡ <% <”•9

' ( )* # + , - !" *
- 142 -
(51) ŸRevolutionary Perspectives at the End of The Twentieth CenturyŸ, Adopted by
the Second International Conference of the Internnational Trotskyist
Opposition,September 1998. http://home.igc.org/ito_revpers
(52)• fŸ¸ ' D _: ‰ d'f J•m¤ ™ ^ +&Ÿ™ Z 2'%T #¢
•<' f•9
(53)&)O ?&L8Ÿ¸ ' D _: ‰ d'fH J•m¤ ™ ^ +&ŸZ &'%T #¢
™•<' f•9
(54)5 lw K oŸO -. = y !•T b () w C : l b CŸZ 2'%T #¢
™•<%•9
(55)_ 1 L U S # # N ŒŠi "f: () J + '% $ O ˜ J+ *'
•9
(56)% >3 T ™ 2• 7 ~9
(57) ŸIs Dependency Theory Still Relevent Today ?Ÿ,
http://csf.colorado.edu/dependency.htm. See also:Hans Henrik Holm & Georg
Sorensen (eds), op.cit., P. 200.
(58) Jill Hills,Ÿ Dependency Theory and Its Relevance Today: International
Institutions in Telecommunications and Structural PowerŸ , Review of
International Studies, Vol.20,N°2,April,1994,P. 175.
(59) Fred Halliday, ŸThe Third World and The End of The Cold War : An Interim
AssessmentŸ, in : William Hale & Eberhard Kienle (eds), After The Cold War :
Security and Democracy in Africa and Asia, G.B, Oxford, Hepton Books, 1997,
PP. 15-17.
(60) A.J.R. Groom, ŸApproaches to Conflict and Cooperation in International
Relations : Lessons from Theory for PracticeŸ,
http://www.ukc.ac.UK/Politics/Publications/journals/kentpapers/groom1.html.
(61) Ilan Kapoor, Ÿ Capitalism,Culture,Agency :Dependency Versus Postcolonial
Theory Ÿ ,Third World Quarterly, Vol.23,N°4,2002,P. 647.
(62)• 7 ~ % >3 T N . `"39Y 7 (0.•
Johan Galtung, ŸA Structural Theory of ImperialismŸ, in : Michael Smith and others
(eds), Perspectives on World Politics,GB,The Open University,1981, P. 310.
(63)• 7 ~ % >3 T N . `"39
(64))-"f ,f 2#ŸT 2 2OŸ<'3 b # #¢) L)%! 3• •;
9
(65)g ><'¡ 5 lw ‡ ••i ` 1 ,%2 • G@1 L' ` C1LT 5 ŒŠ
i•9
(66)>3 T n&09
(67) Hans Henrik Holm & Georg Sorensen (eds), op.cit., PP. 200-201.

/-
- 143 -
(68) Antje Herrberg, ŸThe Post-Cold War Order and The Search for New Research
Methodologies for The Political ScientistŸ,
http://www.ioL.ie/mazzoldi/toolsforchange/postmet/postcold.See also: Isabelle
Grunberg & Thoams Risse-Kappen, ŸA Time of Reckoning? Theories of
International Relations and The End of The Cold WarŸ, in : Pierre Allan & Kjell
Goldmann (eds), op.cit., P. 123.
(69) A.J.R. Groom, op.cit.
(70) Antje Herrberg, op.cit.
(71) Timothy Ponce, ŸState Strength and The European : Examining The Impact of
Unification on Europe’s Major PowersŸ, Los Angeles, CA, International Studies
Associations, March 2000. http://www.ciaonet.org/isa/poto1/ .
(72) A.J.R. Groom, op.cit.
(73) James Dougherty & Robert Pfaltzgraff (eds), Contending Theories of
International Relations, USA, Harper & Row Publishers,Inc,1981, PP. 429- 430.
(74) Erik Oddvar Eriksen & John Erick Fossum (eds), ŸThe European Union and
Post-National IntegrationŸ, http://www.arena.uio.no/publications/wp99-9.htm.
(75) James Dougherty & Robert Pfaltzgraff (eds), op.cit., P. 447.
(76)• • 7 ~ % >3 T g ,t Z #i;9Y 7 (0.•T M$ls ´. J%”
• • _ 1 L Z ) <¢ 2 O '3H;9
(77)• 7 ~ % >3 T g ,t Z #i9
(78) James Dougherty & Robert Pfaltzgraff (eds), op.cit., PP. 447-448.
(79)• 7 ~ % >3 T Á *' `9
(80)• >3 T n&09
(81)• • B%&0 >3 T;9
(82)¹5 X # `Ÿ2 )- f ?# A # T ] Zt = f % *' $qA
)i = f %Ÿ=•b # #+ ` 1 g ?2'#T ` < . ) *' )-
• 7 ~ % >3 T b" H f %
(83) David J. Singer, ŸPrediction, Explanation and The Soviet Exit from The Cold
WarŸ, http://www.Tittle Menu_left.gif, spacer. if…html
(84)• 7 ~ % >3 T Á *' `
(85)• >3 T n&09
(86)>3 T• B%&09

Analyzing Paradigmatic Changes in International Relations Through Historical Case Studies

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (19)

En vedette

En vedette (6)

Similaire à Analyzing Paradigmatic Changes in International Relations Through Historical Case Studies

Similaire à Analyzing Paradigmatic Changes in International Relations Through Historical Case Studies (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

Analyzing Paradigmatic Changes in International Relations Through Historical Case Studies