Contenu connexe Similaire à Cognition Decision behaviour - Dr Adrian Banks (20) Cognition Decision behaviour - Dr Adrian Banks1. Neuroscience
Steady State Ready State:
Cognition, Decision and
Behaviour
B h i
CPD for L&D professionals
#CIPDLRN © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
3. Today's Speakers
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John McGurk
Adviser: Learning and Talent Development
CIPD
Dr Adrian B k
D Ad i Banks
School of Psychology
University of S
U i it f Surrey
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
#CIPDLRN
4. Q A
Martin Couzins Type question here
Editor
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5. Neuroscience
Steady State Ready State:
Cognition, Decision and Behaviour
Dr Adrian Banks
University of Surrey
University of Surrey
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
6. Making Good Choices
Making Good Choices
• In most situations we have a
choice
• What we decide to do
determines where we end up
• How do we make these
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choices?
• How can we make better
How can we make better
choices?
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
8. Uncertain Choices
Uncertain Choices
1. How likely is this to happen?
1 How likely is this to happen? expected utility = likelihood x benefit
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2. What are the benefits?
Our assessment of both of these is
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distorted, leading to systematic errors
or biases e.g.
• Certainty effect
• Losses loom larger than gains
disposition effect
sunk cost effect
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© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
9. Coping with Complexity
Coping with Complexity
Heuristics are simple strategies to manage
complexity or reduce mental effort e.g.
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satisficing
Are you more likely to die of a
Are you more likely to die of a
shark attack or a falling aeroplane
part?
Are aeroplanes safer than cars?
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
11. Expertise: 10,000 ish hours
Expertise: 10,000‐ish hours
• Experts have extensive
domain knowledge
• Stored in templates which
are used to identify typical
scenarios
• Templates also allow more
complex analysis of
consequences
• Acquired through deliberate
practice
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
12. Telling Stories
Telling Stories
• Jurors fit the evidence into a
story
• But they also fill in the gaps
to make the story coherent
• With experience, this
h h
information may be valid
• Without, it can lead to bias
Without, it can lead to bias
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
13. In Two Minds
In Two Minds
• Should we rely on
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intuitive heuristics or
analytic reason?
• We need both
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• Automatic cognitive
processes cue up the
processes cue up the
key information
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• Controlled processes
organise it into
meaningful stories
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
14. Out of Our Minds
Out of Our Minds
• Much cognition takes place
outside our head
• Our skill is not in making the
decision, but in controlling
the tools to decide for us
the tools to decide for us
• Default settings and
constraints of tools can
subtly influence the
outcome
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
15. Decision Fatigue
Decision Fatigue
• Self control is a limited
resource
• Resisting biscuits now
causes failures later
• But look for performance
l kf f
decrement in the secondary
tasks
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
16. Summary
• We are story tellers and we decide based on
We are story tellers and we decide based on
our stories instead of just the facts
• With experience, we know what stories to
With experience, we know what stories to
expect and we fill in the gaps accurately with
automatic cognitive processes
• Without experience, we should actively seek
alternative stories
• Only by practicing this deliberately and
extensively will we improve
© Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
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