Ayurveda advocates using whole drugs in their natural state as they are identified by the human body and do not cause rejection. Whole drugs contain balancing agents that control the absorption and action of active ingredients. While whole drugs have slow absorption through the gastric route, they avoid negative side effects seen with synthetic drugs. The document provides examples of herbs, their active principles, and balancing agents. It also discusses factors like preparation, administration route, and properties that influence a drug's absorption and pharmacological action.

2. Ayurveda advocates using the drug in
‘Whole’ state i.e in its natural integrity &
design. The human body identifies whole
drug in natural state as “self” (SAJATIYA).
Unlike the synthetic drugs it does not face
any rejection from human system. Hence no
negative effects are produced.

3. Whole drug consists certain ‘balancing agents’
which canalize & control the bioavailibility &
action of the active ingredient.
The whole drug has demerits too. Foremost is
slow absorption.
Drug being in crude state has to be introduced
through gastric root only.
Its digestion & metabolism arae carried out in
normal food path way.

4. No HERB ACTIVE PRINCIPLE BALANCING
AGENT
PHARMACOLOGICAL
ACTION
1. Ahiphena
Papaverum
somniferum
Morphine.
Codeine-----------
Papaverine-------
Nalarphine-------
Narcotic & Analgesic.
lowers intestinal motility.
Smooth muscle relaxant.
Antagonist of Morphine.
2. Sarpagandha
Rauwolfia serpentina
Reserpine.
Rauwolfine.
Azmoline.
Reduces BP.
Increases BP.
Neutral on BP.
3. Kutaja.
Holarrhena
antidysentrica
Conessine.
Conkurchine
Potent amoebicidal.
Hypotensive.
4. Kamala.
Nelumbo nucifera.
Nuciferine.
Antherospermine
Blocks Dopamine
receptor.
Stimulates Dopamine
receptor.

5. 1. Genuineness of the drug.
2. Form of preparation
3. Routes of administration
4. Properties of the drug
5. Type of Anupana
6. Time of adaministation
7. Specific affinity to target organ/tissue.

6.  Prescribing medicines manufactured by a
third person.
 Mars the drug effect.
 Standardization method fails.
 Self prepared medicines may be simpler but
acts promptly, & faster than products
available in the market.

7.  Form of preparation influences the rate of
absorption.
 Liquid preparations are preferred over solid
preparations for faster action.
 Kasayas need a special attention.Water
soluble & transformed (PAKA) CONTENTS
OF Kasaya are readily absorbed into the
system.

8.  Besides liquid preparations highly water
soluble preparations are also absobed
rapidly.Forms like Ksara, Lavana are to be
preferred in a given indication. Ex- Chincha
ksara for uterine colic & Narikela Lavana &
Arka Lavana for abdominal colic.

9.  To a certain extent Sneha especially GHRITA
preparations are absorbed rapidly.
 Tailas are less prescribed internally.
Palatability is probable a discouraging point
in this context.

10.  Another form of preparation which deserves
attention is chewable form like LEHYA &
PAANAKA.
 In this form they spreads sublingual
accessed to entry of direct circulation.They
act fast.
 The chewable preparations are better
utilized in respiratory disorders.

11.  ASAVA & ARISHTA being in alcohol form are
absorbed rapidly, due to VYAVAYI property.
 Another rapid absorbing form is ARKA.
Pudina arka in gastric acidity & Ajamoda
arka in Sheeta pitta.

12.  Major route of drug administration in
Ayurveda is ‘Oral’.
 Oral route has certain disadvantages by
which the drugs activity is reduced
considerably in hepatic system.