Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

1. Wireless Sensor Networks
zaahir salam

2. Contents
– Basic Introduction to Communication Network
– Basic Network Topologies
– WSN Concept
– A Commercial Sensor Node
– Sensor Network
– Comparision Between a PC and Sensor Mote
– Working of a Sensor Node
– Some Real Time Applications
– References

3. Communication Network
• A communication network is composed of
nodes, each of which has
computing power
transmit and receive messages over
communication links, wireless or cabled.

4. Basic Network Topologies
Star Topology Ring Topology
Bus Topology Tree Topology

5. Fully Connected Networks Mesh Networks
Mesh nets can be good models for large-scale
networks of wireless sensors that are
distributed over a geographic region.

6. Each node consists of
Wireless Sensor Networks are networks that consists of
sensors which are distributed in an ad hoc manner.
These sensors work with each other to sense some physical
phenomenon and then the information gathered is processed to
get relevant results.
WSN

7. Basic Structure

8. A single network may consist of several
interconnected subnets of different
topologies.
A WSN is a wireless network consisting of
spatially distributed autonomous devices
using sensors to cooperatively monitor
physical or environmental conditions, such
as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure,
motion or pollutants, at different locations.

9. Sensor Node

10. Sensor Network
Interface
electronics,
radio and
microcontrollerSoil
moisture
probe
Mote
Antenna
Gateway
Server
Internet
Communications
barrier
Sensor
field

11. The flowing of data ends at special nodes
called base stations (sometimes referred to
as sinks).
A base station links the sensor network to
another network (like a gateway) to
disseminate the data sensed for further
processing.

12. Base stations have enhanced capabilities
over simple sensor nodes since they must do
complex data processing.
Base stations have
• workstation/laptop class processors,
• enough memory,
• energy, storage
• computational power

13. Computer Revolution
0.5 oz, 2.25 x 1.25 x 0.25
inch
25 lb, 19.5 x 5.5 x 16 inch
~14 mW~ 64 W
~ $35~ $6K (today)
512 KB Flash160 KB Floppies
128 KB RAM16-256 KB RAM
4 MHz4.77 MHz
MICAZ Mote (2005)Original IBM PC (1981)

14. Sensor Network
Gateway
Server
Internet
Sensor
field
Watershed

15. Applications of WSN

16. Military
Military uses sensor networks for
battlefield surveillance; sensors could
monitor vehicular traffic, track the
position of the enemy.
.

17. Smart Home / Smart Office
Sensors controlling
appliances and electrical
devices in the house.
Better lighting and heating in
office buildings.
The Pentagon building has
used sensors extensively

18. Traffic Management & Monitoring
 Future cars could use
wireless sensors to:
 Handle Accidents
 Handle Thefts
Sensors embedded in
the roads to:
–Monitor traffic flows
–Provide real-time route
updates

19. Biomedical / Medical
• Health Monitors
– Glucose
– Heart rate
– Cancer detection
• Chronic Diseases
– Artificial retina
– Cochlear implants
• Hospital Sensors
– Monitor vital signs
– Record anomalies

20. Industrial & Commercial
Numerous industrial and
Commercial applications:
-Agricultural Crop Conditions
-Inventory Tracking
-In-Process Parts Tracking
-Automated Problem Reporting
-RFID – Theft Deterrent and
Customer Tracing
-Plant Equipment Maintenance
Monitoring

21. References
www.cse.fau.edu/~jie/teaching/fall_2004_files/sensorslides1.ppt
http://web2.uwindsor.ca/courses/cs/aggarwal/cs60520/SeminarMate
rial/WSN-future.ppt
http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~nbulusu/talks/grace-hopper.ppt
http://galaxy.cs.lamar.edu/~bsun/wsn/wsn.html
www.dsc.ufcg.edu.br/~maspohn/katia/introduction.ppt
http://computer.howstuffworks.com/mote1.htm
http://www.polastre.com/papers/polastre-thesis-final.pdf

22. THANK YOU